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1. © 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Confidential
Best Practices for Fault Tolerance for Tier 1 Apps
Randy Carson
Sr. System Engineer
rcarson@vmware.com

2. 2 Confidential
Agenda
• Virtualizing Tier 1 Apps
• Building a Virtualized DR Solution
• Site Recovery Manager
• Summary / Questions

3. 3 Confidential
Applications Are Key Milestone on Private Cloud Journey
Manage
hypervisors, VMs and
dev/test environments
Phase 1 - Explore
Manage large, dynamic,
shared infrastructure including
enterprise applications
Phase 2 - Expand
Self-service IT with policy-driven
automation to ensure service
levels
Phase 3 – Standardize on
the private cloud
Can I deploy my Tier 1
apps on VMware?
Performance
ISV support
Consolidation
Guarantee Uptime
Why should I deploy my
Tier 1 apps on VMware?
Accelerate app lifecycle
Guarantee app QoS
Cost reduction

4. 4 Confidential
 Consolidation and
infrastructure efficiency
 Simpler management
 Built-in availability
 Greater Agility
“Our CIO told the team that we need to
virtualize as much as we can as soon we can”
VI Admin, VMware Customer
Organizations are on the path to
100% virtualization for:
CIOs and IT Operations Want to Virtualize More…

5. 5 Confidential
Source: VMware customer survey, September 2008, sample size 1038
Data: Within subset of VMware customers running a specific app, % that have at least one instance of that app in production in a VM
In a recent Gartner poll, 73% of customers claimed to use x86
virtualization for mission critical applications in production
Source: Gartner IOM Conference (June 2008)
“Linux and Windows Server Virtualization Is Picking Up Steam” (ID Number: G00161702)
36%
53%56%
41% 34%
50%
MS
Exchange
MS
SharePoint
MS
SQL
Oracle
Middleware
Oracle
DB
IBM
WebSphere
% of customers running apps in production on VMware
IBM
DB2
24%
SAP
27%
The Trend Is Clear…

6. 6 Confidential
“The Exchange admin vetoed the virtualization project, he felt it was too risky”
-VI Admin, VMware Customer
“No way,” Say Many App Owners
Can You Afford NOT To Run Your Business Critical Apps on VMware?
IT / VI Admins
 CI
O
App Owners
•Standardize on VMware
•Virtualization first
•Consolidation and
infrastructure efficiency
•Reduce operational complexity
IT / VI Admins
 CI
O
•Why change?
•Can Virtual Machines handle my
performance requirements?
•What’s in it for me?
•My app is too important to run on
shared hardware
App Owners

7. 7 Confidential
Virtual Machines run the most demanding apps
8 vCPUs and 255 GB of memory
Small overhead (typically 2% to 10%)
Majority of large ISVs support VMware
Microsoft, SAP and IBM provide full support
Oracle in grey zone – has support statement
“Yes You Can!” - Debunking Common Objections for Tier 1 Apps
Performance
ISV Support / Licensing
Scale apps better on large multi-core servers
Double server capacity for Exchange 2007
Licensing costs often reduced with virtualization
“Per vCPU” licensing: pay only for what you use
“Physical processor” licensing: consolidate
multiple licenses on shared cluster

8. 8 Confidential
Reduce Hardware and Software Costs
• Achieve 5X - 10X consolidation for large apps
Match or Exceed Physical Performance
• Maximize scale out performance on large multi-core servers
Accelerate Application Lifecycle
• Provision On-Demand in production and in the labs
Leverage expanding ISV Ecosystem
• Includes Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and IBM
Deliver Apps as Dynamic, Cost-Efficient IT Services
ISV Support
Guarantee Application Quality of Service
• Scale dynamically to ensure service levels
• Provide built-in High Availability and reliable Disaster Recovery
Quality of Service
App Lifecycle
Consolidation
Performance

9. 9 Confidential
Cut Infrastructure and Software License Costs
Achieve 5X - 10X server consolidation for large apps
Increase utilization of software licenses
Accelerate App Lifecycle from Dev to Production
Reduce provisioning times from weeks to minutes
Self-service provisioning
Apps Run Better On The Private Cloud
Guarantee Application Quality of Service
Policy-driven Service Level assurance
Provide cost-effective HA and simple Disaster Recovery
Quality of Service
App Lifecycle
Consolidation

10. 10 Confidential
• Challenges for Virtualizing Teri 1 Apps
• Building a Virtualized BC / FT Solution
• Site Recovery Manager
• Summary / Questions
Agenda

11. 12 Confidential
VMware Solutions Maximize Uptime
Storage
Site
Interconnect
Server
Prevent Planned Downtime Minimize Unplanned Downtime
Network
Redundancy
Storage vMotion
VMotion + DRS
Maintenance Mode
NIC & HBA
Teaming
Consolidated Backup
+ backup software,
Data Recovery
HA,
Fault Tolerance
Site Recovery Manager

12. 14 Confidential
VMware VMotion
62% of VMware customers have implemented VMotion
Live migration of virtual
machines
Zero downtime

13. 15 Confidential
EVC Cluster Requirements
Hosts
• CPUs from a single vendor, either Intel or AMD
• Running ESX Server 3.5 Update 2 or later
• Connected to vCenter Server
• Hardware virtualization support (AMD‐V or Intel VT) enabled
• AMD No eXecute (NX) or Intel eXecute Disable (XD) technology
enabled
• Support hardware live migration (AMD-V Extended Migration or Intel
FlexMigration) or have baseline processor of intended feature set
Virtual Machines
• Powered off or migrated out of cluster when EVC is enabled
• Applications on virtual machines must use CPUID instructions

14. 16 Confidential
• Shut down idle host and
perform maintenance
• DRS migrates running virtual
machines to other hosts
• Activate Maintenance Mode
for physical host
Use VMotion to evacuate
hosts
 Move running applications
to other servers without
disruption
 Perform maintenance at
any time of day
Automate with DRS
maintenance mode
 Automates moving virtual
machines to other hosts
 Automates re-balancing
after maintenance complete • Restart host; DRS automatically
rebalances workloads
VMotionVMotion
Zero-downtime maintenance using VMware

15. 17 Confidential
New DRS Management Pages
History tab
Recommendations page
Refresh
recommendations
Apply a subset of
recommendations
Edit cluster
properties
Apply all selected
recommendations
Faults view displays issues that
prevented DRS from providing
or applying recommendations.
Actions taken based on
recommendations
Customize the
display
Faults page

16. 18 Confidential
Storage VMotion in vSphere 4
Enhancements
• Can administer via vSphere Client
• Supports NFS, Fibre Channel, and iSCSI
• No longer requires 2 x memory
• Supports moving VMDKs from thick to thin
formats
• Can migrate RDMs to RDMs and RDMs to
VMDKs (non-passthrough)
• Leverages new vSphere 4 features to speed
migration
Limitations
• Virtual machine cannot include snapshots
• VM must be powered off to simultaneously
migrate both host and datastore

17. 19 Confidential
19
Storage VMotion in vSphere 4
Source Destination
12 3
4
5
1. Copy virtual machine files
except disks to new datastore
2. Enable changed block tracking
on the virtual machine’s disk
3. “Pre-copy” virtual machine’s
disk and swap file from source
to destination
4. Invoke fast suspend/resume
on virtual machine
5. Remove source home and
disks of virtual machine

18. 20 Confidential
New HA Cluster Settings
Ability to suspend
host monitoring
Choice of three
admission control
strategies

19. 21 Confidential
VM Monitoring
Enable automatic
restart due to failure of
guest operating system
Determine how quickly
failures are detected
Set monitoring sensitivity
for individual virtual
machines

20. 22 Confidential
App
OS
App
OS
App
OSXX
App
OS
App
OS
App
OS
App
OS
X
Single identical VMs running in lockstep
on separate hosts
Zero downtime, zero data loss
failover for all virtual machines in case
of hardware failures
Integrated with VMware HA/DRS
2-node VM pairs, multiple FT VMs per
host
Dynamic enablement / disablement
No complex clustering or specialized
hardware required
Single common mechanism for all
applications and operating systems
Single vCPU VMs supported
VMware ESX VMware ESX
VMware Fault Tolerance
FTHAHA

21. 23 Confidential
SecondaryPrimary
VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)
vLockstep Technology
New
Secondary
vLockstep Technology
VMware FT provides zero-downtime, zero-data-loss
protection to virtual machines in an HA cluster.
New
Primary

22. 24 Confidential
Enable Fault Tolerance with a Single Click
Primary Virtual Machine >
Summary Tab
After you turn on Fault Tolerance,
the Status tab on the primary
virtual machine shows Fault
Tolerance information.

23. 25 Confidential
Target VMware FT Applications
Workload Type Application Rationale
Database Small to medium instances that
are strategic to IT infrastructure
Costs to deploy traditional
cluster solutions not
justified but availability is a
must
Exchange and
messaging
< 1000 users Reduced licensing and
management costs
Remote Branch
Office
Many workloads SLA requirements require
a traditional cluster ($$$).
Deliver high availability at
lower cost and easier to
administer.
Custom applications Business-specific solutions Cluster solutions not
available today

24. 26 Confidential
• Challenges for Virtualizing Teri 1 Apps
• Building a Virtualized BC / FT Solution
• Site Recovery Manager
• Summary / Questions
Agenda

25. 27 Confidential
Recovery Risk
Drivers of risk
New applications or changing app/infrastructure configuration
Gap between current configuration and last revision of the DR plan
Human error and manual steps during DR testing & failover
Availability of key DR staff
Lengthy recovery time
Increasing complexity of managing the DR solution
Associated costs
Lost business & productivity for each hour of downtime
(Unpredictable) staff overtime
Application end-users disrupted by testing & outages;
inability to meet SLAs

26. 28 Confidential
Reducing and Managing Recovery Risk
During the testing gap, organizations can’t be sure that they can
recover the current IT environment
A failover scenario may take days or weeks to complete, leaving the
business at extreme risk
Virtualization & DR Automation Greatly Reduce Recovery Risk
Unproven
Recoverability
Time
DR Test DR Test
TESTING GAP
Recovery
Risk
IT Environment without
Virtualization & DR Automation
Recovery
Risk
DR Test DR Test
Frequent
DR Testing
Time
Virtualization + DR Automation

27. 29 Confidential
Best Practices for Recovery Risk Mitigation
 Frequent testing to ensure DR plan correct & successful
 Automation to minimize mistakes and speed up recovery time
 Tight integration between infrastructure management and DR
solution
 Multiple layers of downtime protection at all levels of the datacenter

28. 30 Confidential
• Simplifies and automates
disaster recovery workflows:
 Setup, testing, failover
• Turns manual recovery
runbooks into automated
recovery plans
• Provides central management of
recovery plans from the VMware
Infrastructure Client
VMware vCenter Site Recovery Manager
Works with VMware Infrastructure
to make disaster recovery rapid,
reliable, manageable, affordable
Site Recovery Manager leverages VMware Infrastructure to deliver
advanced disaster recovery management and automation

29. 31 Confidential
Site Recovery Manager Key Components
Storage
Servers
VMware Infrastructure
vCenter Server
Site
Recovery
Manager
Storage
Servers
VMware Infrastructure
Virtual Machines
vCenter Server
Site
Recovery
Manager
Virtual Machines
Site Recovery Manager
> Manages and monitors recovery plans
> Tightly integrated with vCenter Server
Storage
> iSCSI or FibreChannel storage
Storage Partner Replication
> Integrated via replication adapters created,
certified and supported by replication vendor
Partner Replication
VMware Infrastructure
> Requires supported version of ESX
> Requires supported version of vCenter Server

30. 32 Confidential
Site Recovery Manager: User Interface
Managed through
VirtualCenter plug-in
Key configuration
steps

31. 33 Confidential
Disaster Recovery Setup
Integrate with replication
 Identify which virtual machines are
protected by replication configuration
Map recovery resources
 Server resources, network resources,
management objects
Create recovery plans
 For virtual machines, applications,
business units
 Convert manual runbook to
pre-programmed response
 Customizable with scripting and callouts
• Simplify configuration of recovery infrastructure and process
• Simplify coordination of replication with virtual environment

32. 34 Confidential
Site Recovery Manager: Creating and Editing Recovery Plans
Recovery plans
for failure
scenarios
Recovery plan editor

33. 35 Confidential
Testing
Replication Management
Snapshot replicated LUNs before test
Delete snapshots of replicated LUNs after test
Network Management
Change all virtual machines to a test port group
before powering them on
Customization/extensibility
Same breakpoints and callouts as failover
sequence
Extra breakpoints and callouts around the test
bubble
• Non-disruptive testing of recovery plans
• Testing can incorporate existing/non-virtual DR tools and processes

34. 36 Confidential
Testing and Executing Recovery Plans
Steps in
recovery plan Status and time
stamps
When to execute
User
confirmation
message

35. 37 Confidential
Failover Automation
Detect site failures
Raise alert when heartbeat lost
Initiate failover
User confirmation of outage
Granular failover initiation
Manage replication failover
Break replication
Make replica visible to recovery hosts
Execute recovery process
Use pre-programmed plan
Provide visibility into progress
• Automation for failover (and failback) process
• Real-time, step-by-step visibility into execution progress

36. 38 Confidential
Failover Initiation

37. 39 Confidential
Simplified Compliance
Self-documenting recovery
plans
• Centrally managed
• Always current
Easier testing
• Ensure recoverability with
realistic testing
Auditable testing and
failover
• View and export recovery
plans, tests, execution

38. 40 Confidential
• Challenges for Virtualizing Teri 1 Apps
• Building a Virtualized BC / FT Solution
• Site Recovery Manager
• Summary / Questions
Agenda

39. 41 Confidential
Reduce Hardware and Software Costs
• Achieve 5X - 10X consolidation for large apps
Match or Exceed Physical Performance
• Maximize scale out performance on large multi-core servers
Accelerate Application Lifecycle
• Provision On-Demand in production and in the labs
Leverage expanding ISV Ecosystem
• Includes Microsoft, SAP, Oracle, and IBM
Deliver Apps as Dynamic, Cost-Efficient IT Services
ISV Support
Guarantee Application Quality of Service
• Scale dynamically to ensure service levels
• Provide built-in High Availability and reliable Disaster Recovery
Quality of Service
App Lifecycle
Consolidation
Performance

40. © 2009 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Confidential
Best Practices for Fault Tolerance for Tier 1 Apps
Randy Carson
Sr. System Engineer
rcarson@vmware.com
Questions?