The document provides an overview of several Chinese philosophies and ethical codes, including Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism. Confucianism emphasized proper social relationships and rituals. The Analects was an important Confucian text focusing on interpersonal relationships. Legalism believed human nature is selfish and the ruler should rule with a strong hand. Daoism saw nature as the first cause and believed one should go with the flow of nature rather than live according to man-made rules.