Innovations for sustainability and resilience in aquatic systems
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Presented by Tabeth Chiuta on 18 July, at the 2013 Africa Agriculture Science Week, held in Accra, Ghana.
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Innovations for sustainability and resilience in aquatic systems
- 1. Innovations for sustainability and resilience in aquatic systems Tabeth Chiuta, July 2013
- 2. 4 issues • Fish – trends and opportunities • Aquaculture innovation • Taking a systems approach • Making it happen through partnerships Photo Mongu fisher lady - switch
- 5. Growth in demand for fish (2007 – 2015) Source: Cai (2011) Preliminary notes on forecasting the country’s future demand for fish.
- 6. Growing importance of aquaculture • Growing gap between demand and supply o Most traded food commodity • Stable or declining capture fisheries • Rapid growth in aquaculture o 6% per year in past 5yrs o 12 million Asian fish farmers Global fish production 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 year milliontonnes capture culture source: FAO
- 7. 7 African aquaculture lagging behind Aquaculture • 50% of global fish supply • 16% of African fish supply Production Milliontonnes 1995 2000 2005 2010 2 4 6
- 8. Aquaculture Growth in Egypt
- 9. Aquaculture Growth in Ghana
- 10. Innovation – genetic improvement Genetic gain in GIFT in Malaysia (>10% per generation)
- 11. Components Objectives 1. Fish and shrimp seed Dissemination of improved quality lines of fish and shrimp seed 2.2. Household aquaculture Improving the nutrition and income status of farm households 3.3. Commercial aquaculture Increasing investment, employment and fish production through commercial aquaculture 4. Institution and policy Support to regulatory reform and institutional capacity building for sustainable aquaculture growth Innovation – systems improvement
- 13. Innovation – 3 components
- 14. Aquatic Agricultural Systems Need to take a systems approach to innovation Major demand and opportunity in Africa to harness the potential of increased fish production Opportunities and capacity to innovate Fish + Agriculture +
- 15. Rural poverty and AAS Source: Bené & Teoh, in prep. System Area (km²) People Living in poverty Africa – freshwater 800,000 70m 43m Africa – coastal 300,000 12m 7m
- 16. AAS livelihoods in Zambezi basin livestock crops fish nrm
- 17. Aquatic Agricultural Systems Beyond commodities to focus on systems and livelihoods
- 18. AAS research agenda • Sustainable increases in productivity – crops, fish, livestock • Improved access to markets • Strengthened resilience and adaptive capacity • Enhanced gender equality in access to and control of resources and decision making • Improved policies and institutions • Scaling up (knowledge sharing and learning)
- 20. AAS innovation • Gender • Nutrition • ME&IA • Scaling • Partnerships • Capacity dep’t
- 21. AAS – African Partnership – NEPAD; FARA • Choosing where we work • Knowledge, information and technology systems • Joint communications • Building capacity
- 22. Thank You
Notas do Editor
- Four issues I will cover today: The global and African fish “picture” The importance and opportunities for innovation in fish production in Africa The importance of taking a systems approach Partnerships
- Fish – the predominant ASF
- Lowest totals for ASF, but highest proportions of fish consumption in Asia and Africa – with greatest scope for growth
- No surprise then that the largest growth in demand for fish is in Asia and Africa
- The growing global demand for fish has led to global growth in Aquaculture
- But this growth has been slow in Africa
- Egypt however is the exception – with growth from a few 1000 tonnes in the late 1980s to about 1m tonnes today. This shows that growth is possible.
- Similarly in Ghana we’re now seeing a rapid rise in aquaculture production
- A number of innovations have supported the global growth in aquaculture - and will do so in future. One of these is development of improved strains. WorldFish has led this with tilapias and this slide shows the genetic gain over several generations in Malaysia. The same thing is now being done in Ghana, Malawi and in Egypt.
- This investment in genetics needs to be accompanied by investments in other areas of innovations. In Bangladesh WorldFish has been pursuing these with partners as part of the USAID Feed the Future initiative there – with very positive results.
- The total value of additional sales at farm level reached US$ 92m in the past year
- This value came from three main systems – two fully commercial and one homestead with a strong focus on women
- Africa has extensive AAS with large numbers of people living there
- They use diverse livelihoods – as shown from three systems in the Zambezi basin
- Recognizing this complexity the CGIAR is taking a systems approach to agricultural research in these aquatic environments
- In doing so we’re pursuing a research agenda that involves traditional CGIAR research on crop productivity – including fish, but also new innovative research on value chains, resilience and adaptive capacity, gender equality, policies and scaling.
- As we do so we’ll try to foster synergies between CGIAR programs as we’re doing in Bangladesh already
- Running through our science agenda we’re pursing a number of cross-cutting areas of innovation – see list. I’ll only highlight three – gender because without it we won’t engage seriously with the steps needed to make lasting progress; and partnerships and capacity development because they’re key to the meetings this week
- Working especially with NEPAD, FARA and SROs. As we strengthen this, we’ll work with them to decide where we focus our work, develop common systems for knowledge sharing and learning, and work together to build capacity. As part of this work the side event on AAS has designed a FARA platform for innovation and capacity building in AAS.