Fish and Nutrition Workshop Day 2 (Country Presentations - Cambodia)

1. Overview of Fish on Farms project
Production and sustainable management of nutrient-rich small fish (SIS) in ponds
and wetlands for improved nutrition in South Asia
March 1-3, 2014, Bangladesh
Chin Da, FiA and Lek Sophat, HKI

3. BACKGROUND: FOOD SECURITY AND CAMBODIA HEALTH STATUS
Cambodia is RICE secure
 5% of children <5 years die
30% due to undernutrition
40% of children <5 years are stunted
55% of children <5 years are anemic
44% of women are anemic

4. OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the effectiveness of HFP
with and without aquaculture using a
cluster- randomized controlled trial

5. STUDY DESIGN:
VILLAGE MODEL FARM AS A CLUSTER
VMF
F
Cluster
1 village model farm
10 village Farmers

6. STUDY DESIGN:
(N=960 HOUSEHOLDS)
Total = 960 Beneficiaries
n=30
n=30
n=30 Comparison Arm

7. STUDY DESIGN
Represented by a woman
Fall within the “poor” category
Have access to land
Have a child <5 years of age
Have suitable land for pond
Household Inclusion Criteria:

8. TARGET POPULATIONS IN 4 INTERVENTION DISTRICTS
Mesang Svay
Anthor
Kamchay
Mear
Ba
Phnom
Total
3 VMF
owner
26 VMFs
owners
17 VMFs
owners
14 VMFs
owners
60 VMF
owner
6 VHVs 52 VHVs 37 VHVs 28 VHVs 120 VHVs
30 HHs 260 target
Households
170 target
Households
140 target
Households
Total 600
4 commune
counselors
28
commune
counselors
20
commune
counselors
20 commune
counselors
72 commune
counselors

9. INDICATORS
SHORT TERM OUTCOME –
DIETARY INTAKE
MEDIUM TERM OUTCOME –
BIOCHEMICALASSESSMENT
LONG TERM OUTCOME –
ANTHROPOMETRICS
• 24 hour recall on
mother and youngest
child under five
• Measurement of
nutritional composition
of fish
• Hemoglobin
• Ferritin/ CRP
• Transferrin saturation
• Hemoglobinopathies
• Vitamin B12
• Retinol Binding Protein
• Thiamin and riboflavin
• Zinc
• Fatty acids
Only on 450 women
Hemo cue on children
• Height
• Weight
• Stunting
• Wasting
• Study will not be long
enough to assess
changes
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10. OTHER COMPONENTS
Environment
BCC
Hygiene and
Sanitation
Fisheries Technology
(mixed pond
aquaculture)
Gender
Cost/Benefit

11. PROGRESS TO DATE: FISH ON FARMS PROJECT

12. TRAINING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS
 Training of Trainers (ToT) on HFP + Aquaculture + Gender
+ marketing: 30 participants (FiA, HKI WFC, ODOV, PDA,
POA, and DOA
 Training of VMF owners: 30 VMFs on HFP + Gender +
marketing
 Training of 30 VMFs on HFP + Aquaculture + marketing
 Training of Trainers (ToT) on nutrition BCC + Gender: 20
participants (NNP, ODOV, PHD and ODs)
 Training of VHVs on nutrition BCC + Gender: 120 VHVs
 Training of HHs on HFP + marketing + nutrition: 300 HHs
 Training of HHs on HFP + aquaculture + marketing +
nutrition: 300 HHs
 Produced poster, video and lessons learned (Bulatin,

13. PROGRESS TO DATE
Group 1 (Fish + HFP):
Established 360 ponds (300 HH and
60HH in 30 VMFs)
Established 30 VMFs and 300 HH
farms for veg + fruit production
All the ponds are producing fish (both
small + large) and all VMF + HH are
producing veg+fruits
Group 2 (HFP):
Establish 30 VMFs and 300 HH farms.
All are functioning and continuing
production of veg & fruit
Group 3 (Control group)

14. FISH SAMPLE COLLECTION ANALYSIS
• Three (3) species of small and three
(3) species of Esomus metallicu ,
Trichopsis vittata, Ambly
pharyngodon,Silver barb, Roho and
Mrigal
• Fish Feed: Rice bran, termite, duck
weed, morning glory, cooked rice,
broken rice + commercial feed

15. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)
 HKI conducted Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) in consultation with IDRC
and UBC by the external consultant
 First EIA conducted on July 2012
 The Consultant has conducted a
thorough environmental assessment at
each of the 330 HHs scheduled to
receive new or renovated ponds for fish
cultivation.
 Soil stability and groundwater quality
and soil types were examined at all
proposed sites
 Findings: Environmental impacts are minor
and can be effectively and efficiently
mitigated within the existing framework of
the project. It is recommended to proceeds to
its next phase

16. GENDER RESEARCH
Gender analysis – Quantitative and
Qualitative
N= 960 Households
Unequal Decision Making Influence
• Women manage household
finances
• Women are not equal in
expenditure decision making
• Women want men to respect
their opinions
• Women want greater influence
over decisions

17. GENDER STRATEGY
Developed key messages for each goal
Integrated key messages into trainings &
workshops
• Marketing, homestead food production, nutrition
Including men in education sessions
Adding training sessions on:
– Alcohol, health and financial costs
– Violence and women’s rights
– Joint financial budgeting
– “Head of household” and decision-making
– Assertiveness

18. CONDUCTED TOT ON BEHAVIOR CHANGE AND
COMMUNICATION (BCC)
Hired a consultant for 10 days
16 participants from NNP/MoH, NGO, FiA, MoEYS,
UBC and HKI gained significant knowledge and
skills from this training
Training manual and curriculum for Health
Workers/VHVs on ENA/BCC was finalized and
used for the Fish on Farms project
Nutrition action plan for the Fish on Farm project
was developed during this ENA/BCC training

19. VILLAGE FISH HATCHERY ESTABLISHMENT
• Start in April for:
– Conducted assessment for selection
of hatchery farmer and land
– Fish pond construction
– Fish hatchery construction
• Start in June for:
– Conducting training for the
hatchery farmer
– Fish seed production (3 species)
– More than 100,000 fingerling
produced
• Start in September for:
– Distribution 60,000 fish
– Other 50,000 fish sold to other
village farmers and kept for GO

20. ESTABLISHED HATCHERY FOR FINGERLING PRODUCTION
 Established the hatchery with
good active participation and
interested from community
 This is a sustainable source
of fingerlings supply for FoF
project

21. VILLAGE FISH SEED PRODUCTION OF VMF
Species
produced
Number
produced
(heads)
Distributed to
Project farmers
(heads)
Sold to other
famers (heads)
Fingerlings
remained (heads)
Silver barb 55,000 42,000 10,000 3,000
Mrigal
(1time)
40,000 18,000 2,000 20,000
Roho
(1time)
15,000 0 2,000 13,000
Total 110,000 60,000 14,000 36,000

22. QUICK ASSESSMENT FROM FOF
HOUSEHOLD REGISTER
Collected data from 60 HH and 5 VMF ponds
 Amount of large fish harvested 10-13 kg in last month
 Amount of large fish consumed 7-9 kg in last month
 Amount of small fish harvested 3-4 kg in last month
 Amount of small fish consumed 2.5-3 kg in last month
 Average weight of large fish was 125-250 g

23. MATERIAL PRODUCE
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Methods of prevention and improvement
of fish ponds turbidity water
Advantage of SIS and methods of Cooking

24. MATERIAL PRODUCE
Bio-Resources in village for household fish culture

25. MATERIAL PRODUCE
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26. MATERIAL PRODUCE
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27. CONSTRUCTION OF POND

28. 28
Fish pond and garden Household pond

29. 29
SMALL FISH FROM HOUSEHOLD POND

30. LESSON LEARNED
 Project farmers have changed behavior of SIS consumption, they
have understood the SIS is more micronutrient-rich fish than large
fish
 SIS production is most simple techniques for rural farmers to
produce from their owned earthen fish ponds
 Partial harvesting of SIS is to increase SIS production
 Green water quality and shelter of aquatic plants in fish pond are
appropriate techniques to increase SIS production
 Village Fish Hatchery Farm is most important demonstration to
supply fingerlings to the village farmers and is sustainable ways for
project activities as well.
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31. CHALLENGES DURING THE LAST ONE YEAR
Staff dropped out (ODOV, WFC and HKI)
Village and HH selection process
Study design expanded the program area
Maintained water level during the dry season
Migration of the targeted beneficiaries

32. WAY FORWARD
Continue the existing project for 5 months more
Huge opportunities for scaling up
Link with micro-credit organizations/Institutions
Link with Private sector enterprise
 Advocacy to integrate with the strategic planning
framework for fisheries 2010-2019 (FiA-MAFF) and
commune planning
Policy and strategy advocacy for small scale
aquaculture/polyculture
 Include WASH component
 Multiple Options for food production
Scale up with HKI’s existing Food production
Program in Cambodia and other parts of Asia and
Africa

33. Fish on Farm Project is implemented by
Helen Keller International (HKI)
And
University of British Columbia (UBC)
in collaboration with
Fisheries Administration, MAFF
World Fish Center
Organization to Develop Our Villages

34. Project undertaken with the financial support of the International Development
Research Centre (IDRC), www.idrc.ca, and the Government of Canada, provided
through Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada (DFATD),
www.international.gc.ca”

35. Thanks you so much
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