1. La América del Sur Venezuela Colombia Ecuador Perú Bolivia Paraguay Chile Uruguay La Argentina

3. Painters: Eduardo Kingman & Camilio Egas, have indigenous backgrounds and have used indigenous subjects to portray suffering and oppression. Oswaldo Guayasamin – most controversial and best known, his works portray social or political protest but often with rather ugly depictions of indigenous people. One portion of his mural in the Congress building in Quito shows a skeleton wearing a helmet that says the letters CIA, meaning the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. This created a huge argument. The U. AS. Ambassador called for the letters to be painted out, and there was a discussion about cutting aid to Ecuador, but in the end the painting remained.

4. Literature: Mario Vargas Llosa – novelist born in 1936 is one of the most famous Peruvians of recent times. He studied at San Marcos Univesity in Lima. His themes are based on his life in Peru. Conversation in the Cathedral is his most well known work. In 1990 he tried to become elected President of Peru. After being defeated he left to be in Spain. Peruvian writer Mario Vargas Llosa is so many things he is best described as a modern-day Renaissance man. Politician, playwright, art, film and literature critic and essayist, he is perhaps best known as one of a handful of novelists that have brought contemporary Latin American literature to the forefront internationally.

5. Sc ulptor: Jose Belloni – enormous images of work animals Jose Luis Zorilla de San Martin – images of local things & people Painters 19 th century: Pedro Figari – also vice-president in 190 4; painted landscapes and everyday life Joaquin Torres Garcia – constructivism – abstract art that used materials such as glass and metal Painters contemporary: Carlos Paez Vilaro – painted a mural “The Roots of Peace” on the walls of the Pan American Union tunnel in Washington, D.C.in 1960 Jose Belloni

6. Painters: Leonor Fini: Born in Buenos Aires in 1907 of an Italian mother and Argentinian father whom she never knew, Drawing was an important part of her life and her extraordinary draughtsmanship is marked by rapid, vibrant, sharply incisive strokes of a fine pen. Leonor was a born story-teller, both in conversation and in the many tales, memoir-fragments, prose-poems and three "novels" that she wrote beginning in the early seventies. Jose Maria Villafuerte – paints in the style, vintage racecars, born in 1954 in Buenos Aires Influences in dance and song come from Native American, Spanish, Gaucho folk music, Portenos. Classical composers: Alberto Williams and Carlos Lopez Buchardo Pato – a national game orginally from the gauchos (dangerous then) Literature: Jorge Luis Borges – world famous short stories are strange and written in magical realism, influential http:// www.villafuerte.com.ar/obras.htm

7. Poets: 2 Nobel Prize winners for literature Gabriela Mistral – a school teacher who wrote lyric poetry about lost love and everyday country people The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945 "for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world" Gabriela Mistral (pen-name of Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga) Chile b. 1889 d. 1957

8. Gabriela Mistral – Banquet Speech (Translation) Gabriela Mistral's speech at the Nobel Banquet at the City Hall in Stockholm, December 10, 1945 Today Sweden turns toward a distant Latin American country to honour it in the person of one of the many exponents of its culture. It would have pleased the cosmopolitan spirit of Alfred Nobel to extend the scope of his protectorate of civilization by including within its radius the southern hemisphere of the American continent. As a daughter of Chilean democracy, I am moved to have before me a representative of the Swedish democratic tradition, a tradition whose originality consists in perpetually renewing itself within the framework of the most valuable creations of society. The admirable work of freeing a tradition from deadwood while conserving intact the core of the old virtues, the acceptance of the present and the anticipation of the future, these are what we call Sweden, and these achievements are an honour to Europe and an inspiring example for the American continent. The daughter of a new people, I salute the spiritual pioneers of Sweden, by whom I have been helped more than once. I recall its men of science who have enriched its national body and mind. I remember the legion of professors and teachers who show the foreigner unquestionably exemplary schools, and I look with trusting love to those other members of the Swedish people: farmers, craftsmen, and workers. At this moment, by an undeserved stroke of fortune, I am the direct voice of the poets of my race and the indirect voice for the noble Spanish and Portuguese tongues. Both rejoice to have been invited to this festival of Nordic life with its tradition of centuries of folklore and poetry. May God preserve this exemplary nation, its heritage and its creations, its efforts to conserve the imponderables of the past and to cross the present with the confidence of maritime people who overcome every challenge. My homeland, represented here today by our learned Minister Gajardo, respects and loves Sweden, and it has sent me here to accept the special honour you have awarded to it. Chile will treasure your generosity among her purest memories.

9. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1971 "for a poetry that with the action of an elemental force brings alive a continent's destiny and dreams" Pablo Neruda (pen-name of Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto) Chile b. 1904 d. 1973 a committed Communist, wrote about hunger, poverty, and the plight of factory workers http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/1971/neruda-lecture.html

10. http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/1971/neruda-diploma.html Pablo Neruda Nobel Diploma Artist: Gunnar Brusewitz Calligrapher: Kerstin Anckers

11. Painters & Sculptors: Alejandro Otero & Jesus Soto are both of the 20 th century and work with Kinetic art forms or moving sculpture Carlos Raul Villaneuba - architect

12. Fernando Botero – paints recognizable round figures; it is said the people in his paintings are always fat. Many of the scenes he paints are form everyday contemporary life in Colombia and Latin America. At times he includes a wry look at military and political figures. He is also a sculptor, these can be seen in parks and squares in Colombia, U.S., and Europe. Artists: Alejandro Obregon: regarded by many as the father of modern painting in Colombia. His images are mainly of animals, birds, plants, which reflect his environment; also he is known for his semiabstract landscapes inspired by the coast

13. Literature: Gabriel Garcia Marquez The Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 "for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts" Gabriel García Márquez Colombia b. 1928 Gabriel García Márquez was born in 1928 in the small town of Aracataca, situated in a tropical region of northern Colombia, between the mountains and the Caribbean Sea. He grew up with his maternal grandparent - his grandfather was a pensioned colonel from the civil war at the beginning of the century. He went to a Jesuit college and began to read law, but his studies were soon broken off for his work as a journalist. In 1954 he was sent to Rome on an assignment for his newspaper, and since then he has mostly lived abroad - in Paris, New York, Barcelona and Mexico - in a more or less compulsory exile. Besides his large output of fiction he has written screenplays and has continued to work as a journalist.

14. Caracas Venezuela venezolano

15. Bogotá Colombia colombiano

16. Quito Ecuador ecuatoriano

17. Lima (El) Perú peruano

18. La Paz (Sucre) Bolivia boliviano

19. Asunción Paraguay paraguayo

20. Montevideo Uruguay uruguayo

21. Santiago Chile chileno

22. Buenos Aires La Argentina argentino