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- 1. Global Server Load Balancing Dima Krioukov [dima@nortelnetworks.com] Alex Kit [akit@winstar.com] October 24, 2000
- 6. Hosting Infrastructure Web User Content Owner IDC Owner ISP OSS
- 7. ASP Infrastructure End Customer ASP Applications Operations ISP/Backbone Access IDC
- 8. IDC IDC Core (Routing) Distribution (L3 Switching) Tier Tier Tier LB Tier Load Balancing (L4 Switching) Port Density (L2 Switching) Servers SAN
- 12. LSNAT Router LB S1 S2 S3 X Y src/ dst Layer Ingress Client_Port S1_Port dst Client_IP S1_IP dst LB_MAC S1_MAC dst Client_Port Virtual_Port dst Client_IP Virtual_IP dst dst Router_MAC Virtual_MAC Client_Port Client_IP LB_MAC Client_Port Client_IP Router_MAC S1_IP src L3 src src src src src Virtual_IP L3 S1_Port L4 Virtual_Port L4 S1_MAC L2 Y Virtual_MAC L2 X Egress Segment
- 13. LSNAT + Source NAT Router LB S1 S2 S3 X Y src/ dst Layer Ingress LB_V_Port S1_Port dst LB_V_IP S1_IP dst LB_V_MAC S1_MAC dst Client_Port Virtual_Port dst Client_IP Virtual_IP dst dst Router_MAC Virtual_MAC LB_V_Port LB_V_IP LB_V_MAC Client_Port Client_IP Router_MAC S1_IP src L3 src src src src src Virtual_IP L3 S1_Port L4 Virtual_Port L4 S1_MAC L2 Y Virtual_MAC L2 X Egress Segment
- 14. DSR Router LB S1 S2 S3 1 2 3 Virtual_Port Client_Port Virtual_IP Client_IP S1_MAC Virtual_MAC 2 Client_Port Virtual_Port Client_IP Virtual_IP Router_MAC S1_MAC 3 src/ dst Layer 1 Virtual_Port dst Virtual_IP dst dst Virtual_MAC Client_Port Client_IP Router_MAC src src src L3 L4 L2
- 15. Tunneling Router LB S1 S2 S3 1 2 3 Int: V_IP Int: C_IP V_Port C_Port Ext: S1_IP Ext: LB_IP S1_MAC LB_MAC 2 C_Port V_Port C_IP V_IP R_MAC S1_MAC 3 src/ dst Layer 1 V_Port dst V_IP dst dst V_MAC C_Port C_IP R_MAC src src src L3 L4 L2
- 21. How it works IDC1 IDC2 LB IDC3 LB Customer LDNS ADNS Client RDNS 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 6
- 22. How it works IDC1 IDC2 LB IDC3 LB Customer LDNS ADNS Client RDNS 7 7 8 10 11 9
- 32. NAT Based Client IDC1, “ wrong” V1.1; V1.2 IDC2, “ right” V2.1; V2.2 3 2 1 1 V1.1 C C V2.2 dst V1.1 C src L3 3 2
- 33. “Remote Servers” Client IDC1, “ wrong” V1.1 IDC2, “ right” V2.1 2 1 C V1.1 4 1 V1.1 C V1.1 V2.1 dst V2.1 V1.1 src L3 3 2 3 4
- 38. Internet Infiltrations IDC2 LB IDC1 LB Customer LB LB LB Client LB LB LB
- 39. Internet Infiltrations IDC2 LB IDC1 LB Customer LB LB LB Client LB LB
- 40. LDNS modifications in CDNs IDC2 LB IDC1 LB Customer LDNS Client ASP Backbone
- 42. How it works AS1 AS2 V/20, AS3 V/20, AS3 Client ISP1 ISP2 IDC1, R1/20 IDC2, R2/20
- 43. How it works AS1 AS2 V/20, AS3 Client ISP1 ISP2 IDC1, R1/20 IDC2, R2/20
- 44. How it works AS1 AS2 V/20, AS3 V/20, AS3 Client ISP1 ISP2 IDC1, R1/20 IDC2, R2/20
- 46. Test Network
- 48. Route Flapping AS1 AS2 V/20, AS3 V/20, AS3 Client Router ISP1 ISP2 IDC1, R1/20 IDC2, R2/20 UDP TCP