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Absolutism central europe
Thirty Years War
• “For one of [the peasants] they had
  taken they thrust into the baking oven
  and there they lit a fire under him…as
  for another, they put a cord around his
  head and twisted it so tight with a piece
  of wood that the blood gushed from his
  mouth and nose and ears. In a word
  each had his own device to torture the
  peasants.”
• -Jacob von Grimmelshausen
Absolutism central europe
Absolutism central europe
Belligerents
Protestant States and Allies   Roman Catholic States and
Sweden                         Allies
France
Bohemia                            Holy Roman Empire
Denmark-Norway(1625–1629)
Saxony                            Catholic League
United Provinces                   Austria
Electoral Palatinate           
                                   Bavaria
Brunswick-Lüneburg             

England                          Spain and its possessions
Scotland
Brandenburg-Prussia              Denmark-Norway (1643–1645)
Transylvania
Hungarian Anti-Habsburg
Rebels
Zaporozhian Cossacks
Ottoman Empire
Absolutism central europe
Absolutism central europe
Absolutism central europe
• Two great empires, Austria
  and Prussia, rose out of the
  ashes of the Thirty Years’ War

• Between 1618 and 1648, the
  nations of Europe fought each
  other in the Thirty Year’s war.
What do you think?

•How did Austria and
  Prussia emerge as
    great powers?
• One third of the population of the
  Germans states died.
• When the Thirty Years’ War finally
  ended, France had won territory from
  both Germany and Spain. The
  Netherlands and Switzerland became
  independent states.
• The war left Germany divided into
  more than 360 states, and the
  Hapsburgs, ruler of the Holy Roman
  Empire, lost land.
• Westphalia was the first modern peace
  conference. Why was such a
  conference needed?

• How do nations try to settle disputes
  today?
AUSTRIA                             PRUSSIA
   Under the Hapsburgs              Under the Hohenzollerns

Works to build unified state       Unites territory across Germany
Adds Bohemia, Hungary, and         Establishes strong government
parts of Poland and Italy          Takes power away from the
Maria Theresa is a powerful        nobles
ruler                              Hohenzollerns rule absolutely
 Wins support of the people        Creates one of the strongest
 Organizes the government          armies in Europe
 Improves tax collection           Fredrick II is a powerful
 Taxes the nobles and the clergy    Attacks Austria and seizes
 Defends empire against             Silesia
 Prussian invaders                  Fights wars and wins territory
                                    for Prussia
Absolutism central europe
Habsburg Family Crest
Habsburg Genealogy
Maria
   Theresa
(r. 1740-1780)
Maria Theresa & Her Family

                 Her Notable
                 Children:
                  HRE Joseph II
                  HRE Leopold II
                  Queen Marie
                   Antoinette (Fr.)
Absolutism central europe
Absolutism central europe
Absolutism central europe
War of the Austrian Succession
Austrian Empire: 1657-1718
Leopold I
 Holy Roman
  Emperor
(r. 1658-1705)
Schönbrunn Palace
Absolutism central europe
Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace
Prince Eugène of Savoy: 1718
Holy Roman Empire: 1750
Absolutism central europe
Prussian Family Crest
Hohenzollern Genealogy (1)
Hohenzollern Genealogy (2)
Prussia & the Austrian Empire: 1721-72
King Frederick I of Prussia (r.1701-1713)




                          Formerly:
                         Frederick III
                        of Brandenburg
                        (r. 1688-1701)
Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
Frederick the Great’s Court
Europe in 1740
• By
  1750, Austria, Prussia, France, Engla
  nd, and Russia were the strongest
  nations in Europe.
• These nations tried to maintain the
  balance of power.
• Two or more nations formed alliances
  to keep another nation from becoming
  too strong.
• To maintain the balance of
  power, nation sometimes went to war.
What do you think

•What ruling family
 began to unite the
 German states?
Absolutism central europe
Quick write
        In 1-2 sentences
1. What two empires emerged after
 the Thirty Year war?

2. What are the similarities and
 differences between these two
 empires?

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Absolutism central europe

  • 2. Thirty Years War • “For one of [the peasants] they had taken they thrust into the baking oven and there they lit a fire under him…as for another, they put a cord around his head and twisted it so tight with a piece of wood that the blood gushed from his mouth and nose and ears. In a word each had his own device to torture the peasants.” • -Jacob von Grimmelshausen
  • 5. Belligerents Protestant States and Allies Roman Catholic States and Sweden Allies France Bohemia Holy Roman Empire Denmark-Norway(1625–1629) Saxony  Catholic League United Provinces Austria Electoral Palatinate  Bavaria Brunswick-Lüneburg  England Spain and its possessions Scotland Brandenburg-Prussia Denmark-Norway (1643–1645) Transylvania Hungarian Anti-Habsburg Rebels Zaporozhian Cossacks Ottoman Empire
  • 9. • Two great empires, Austria and Prussia, rose out of the ashes of the Thirty Years’ War • Between 1618 and 1648, the nations of Europe fought each other in the Thirty Year’s war.
  • 10. What do you think? •How did Austria and Prussia emerge as great powers?
  • 11. • One third of the population of the Germans states died. • When the Thirty Years’ War finally ended, France had won territory from both Germany and Spain. The Netherlands and Switzerland became independent states. • The war left Germany divided into more than 360 states, and the Hapsburgs, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, lost land.
  • 12. • Westphalia was the first modern peace conference. Why was such a conference needed? • How do nations try to settle disputes today?
  • 13. AUSTRIA PRUSSIA Under the Hapsburgs Under the Hohenzollerns Works to build unified state Unites territory across Germany Adds Bohemia, Hungary, and Establishes strong government parts of Poland and Italy Takes power away from the Maria Theresa is a powerful nobles ruler Hohenzollerns rule absolutely Wins support of the people Creates one of the strongest Organizes the government armies in Europe Improves tax collection Fredrick II is a powerful Taxes the nobles and the clergy Attacks Austria and seizes Defends empire against Silesia Prussian invaders Fights wars and wins territory for Prussia
  • 17. Maria Theresa (r. 1740-1780)
  • 18. Maria Theresa & Her Family Her Notable Children:  HRE Joseph II  HRE Leopold II  Queen Marie Antoinette (Fr.)
  • 22. War of the Austrian Succession
  • 24. Leopold I Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1658-1705)
  • 29. Prince Eugène of Savoy: 1718
  • 35. Prussia & the Austrian Empire: 1721-72
  • 36. King Frederick I of Prussia (r.1701-1713) Formerly: Frederick III of Brandenburg (r. 1688-1701)
  • 37. Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
  • 38. Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
  • 41. • By 1750, Austria, Prussia, France, Engla nd, and Russia were the strongest nations in Europe. • These nations tried to maintain the balance of power. • Two or more nations formed alliances to keep another nation from becoming too strong. • To maintain the balance of power, nation sometimes went to war.
  • 42. What do you think •What ruling family began to unite the German states?
  • 44. Quick write In 1-2 sentences 1. What two empires emerged after the Thirty Year war? 2. What are the similarities and differences between these two empires?