dear all, for study onley.

1. From-Purlieus Inc.

2.  Filter
 Types of Filter
 D.M.F
 Equipment used in Filter
 Detailing of Individual Items
 Types of Media
 Inlet Individual Items
 Outlet Desired Result
 Mechanism of Filter
 RSF Filter Media Typical Property
 Vessel Designing

3.  Example
 Operation of Filter
 Client Support required
 Vendor List of Procurement

4.  Filter is commonly the mechanical or physical operation
which is used for the separation of solids from fluids
(liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which
only the fluid can pass. The fluid that passes through is
called the filtrate. Oversize solids in the fluid are
retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be
contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine
particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness).
Filtration is also used to describe some biological
processes, especially in water treatment and sewage
treatment in which undesirable constituents are removed
by absorption into a biological film grown on or in the
filter medium as in slow sand filtration.

5. Based on the rate of filtration, sand filters can
be further classified as
 —Gravity filters
 —Slow sand filters
 —rapid sand filters —high‐rate sand filters
 —Pressure filters
 Sand Filter
 Activated CARBON FILTER
 Multi grade Filter
 Dual Media Filter

6. Overview
Filters those have two media (normally sand
and anthracite) is known as Dual media
filter. Dual media filter have two stage
filtration systems. 1st stage of coarse
filtration takes place on the anthracite bed
and 2nd stage filtration takes place on the
sand bed. Generally the required velocity of
this filter is higher than pressure sand filter.
Thus the Capability of dual media filter is
twice than pressure sand filter.

7. Activated carbon filters are
typically used to remove organic
compounds and/or free chlorine
from water to make water suitable
for use in manufacturing or
discharge. Removing organics like
fulvic and humic acid from potable
water prevents these acids from
chemically reacting with chlorine to
form a class of carcinogens known
as trihalomethanes.

8. Overview
Filter those have three media
(Anthracite quartz sand and
garnet) is known as multi-media
filter. In this filter water passes
through multi layer of media in
which anthracite will be on top
then quartz sand and Garnet on
bottom with supporting by gravels
& pebbles. Multi stage filtration
system allow the largest dirt
particles filter out on top and
smallest in the bottom depth
filter bed allow more efficient
particles removal.

9.  Vessel,
 Pump
 Frontal piping
 Multiport valve
 Pressure gauge
 Leg
 Control panel

10.  Vessel
 Pump
 Piping
 Butterfly valve
 Pressure gauge
 NRV
 Media
 Activated Carbon

11.  Gravel- 1”,.5” spgravity-1.14ton/m3
 Silca sand-32/16,8/16,4/8
 Carbon-450kg/m3

12.  Turbidity of Water
 TSS of water <100ppm

13.  Water turbidity removed
 Water TSS removed <30ppm

14.  They are affected by physical characteristics such as
size of the filter medium, filtration rate, fluid
temperature, size and density of suspended solids.
 As the particles reach the surface of the filter media,
an attachment mechanism is required to retain it.
This occurs due to
 — (i) electrostatic interactions
 —(ii) chemical bridging or specific adsorption.

15. Property unit Granite ILmenite Sand Anthracit
e
Effective
Size
mm 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.4 0.4-0.8 0.8-0.2
Density(ρ) Ton/m3 3.6-4.2 4.5-5.0 2.65 1.4-1.8

16.  Granite-Granite is a common type of rock.
 The world “granite” comes from the latin granum the
density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.7 g/cm3
 Ilmenite- Ilmenite is the titanium-iron oxide mineral
with the idealized formula FeTiO3.
 Sand-Sand is a naturally accurring granular material
composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. It is
defined by size, being finer then gravel.
 The category based on size (1/16-1/8)mm, (1/4-
1/2)mm,(1/2-1)mm.
 ANTHRACITE-

17.  Rate of filtration (loading rate) is the flow rate of water
applied per unit area of the filter. It is the velocity of the
water approaching the face of the filter:
V=Q/A
or
r=0.14√Q,
A= ∏/4(*d2)
where V = loading rate or Filtration Rate m3/m2/d
Q = flow rate onto filter surface, m3/d
A = surface area of filter, m2

18.  A city is to install rapid sand filters
downstream of the clarifiers. The design
loading rate is selected to be 160 m3/(m2/
d). The design capacity of the water works is
0.35 m3/s. The maximum surface per filter is
limited to 50 m2. Design the number and size
of filters and calculate the normal filtration
rate.

20.  Filter work in two step
1-Filter Step-water flow top to bottom
2-Backwash-Bottom to top
 Note-operation perform by changing the
butterfly valve

21.  RCC Base for Filter.
 Pump(flow & Head ) according the filter
requirement.
 NRV On Pump Discharge.
 MS Piping Filter Inlet.
 Butterfly valve according to drawing.
 Pressure gauge according to drawing.
 Manpower for media filling.
 After commissioning certificate.

22.  Filter-Fab-tech Engineers
 Media-jams textiles
 Name plate-TAPAS SIGNBORD