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OmbZm Am`H$m°Ýg / 1
XÎmm Omoer
àH$meH$
{dZmoXam` B§{O{ZAg© àm. {b.
XmdbdmS>r
OmbZm

OmbZm Am`H$m°Ýg
XÎmm Omoer
9422 25 25 50
dattjoshi@gmail.com
g‘Ýd` d ghH$m`©
lrH$m§V Xoenm§S>o
OmbZm
àH$meH$
{dZmoXam` B§{O{ZAg© àm. {b.
OmbZm
n{hbr Amd¥Îmr
25 gßQ>|~a 2011
AjaOwiUr, ‘m§S>Ur, ‘wIn¥ð>
{‘{S>`m Ho$Aa
9225 30 90 10
‘yë` … 250 é.
`m nwñVH$mVrb ‘m{hVr AWdm Vnerb H$moUË`mhr ñdénmV nwZ…àH$m{eV
H$aÊ`mg ‘ZmB© Amho. Aem àH$maMm H$moUVmhr dmna H$aÊ`mAmYr boIH$
AWdm àH$meH$m§Mr boIr nadmZJr KoUo Amdí`H$ Amho.

OmbZm {OëømÀ`m ^mdr {nT>rbm
AmYrÀ`m {nT>çm§Mm hm dmagm
nwT>À`m àdmgmgmR>r
ñZohnyd©H$

F$U{ZX}e
`m nwñVH$mÀ`m {Z{‘©VrgmR>r Ag§»` gwöXm§Mm
hmV^ma bmJbobm Amho. OmbZm {OëømVrb
C„oIZr` ì`º$s¨Mr ‘hVr gm§JÊ`mgmR>r Ag§»`
OU nwT>o Ambo. àË`oH$mMm Zm‘mo„oI H$aUo
AeŠ` ìhmdo, EdT>çm g§»`oV hr Zmdo AmhoV.
`m gdmªMoM ‘Z…nyd©H$ Am^ma.
- gwZrb am`R>Ç>m

AZwH«$‘{UH$m
01) àmñVm{dH$ 7
02) boIH$mMo ‘ZmoJV 10
03) CÚmoOH$Vm 18
04) boIH$m{df`r 22
05) ~ÐrZmam`U ~madmbo 23
06) naoe éUdmb 35
07) S>m°. g§O` amI 41
08) gm¡. {demIm Xoenm§S>o 47
09) gm¡. {à`m Omoer 51
10) ‘mo. `wgy’$ hmOr Ah‘X ^mB© 55
11) g§O` Ho$Xma 60
12) {OV|Ð amR>r 64
13) ‘Zrf amR>r 71
14) ~g§Vr Mmoa{S>`m - CZo 76
15) am‘oída / kmZoída g§XwnQ>bm 82
16) B©ídaXmg KZJmd 86
17) grVm~mB© ‘mo{hVo - KmoS>oJmdH$a 90
18) nwgmam‘ ‘w§XS>m 96
19) gm¡. ‘rZmjr ‘ohþUH$a 101
20) gm¡. {dÚm amd 105
21) gm¡. ‘Zrfm nwar 109
22) Zmam`U gmoZwZo 113
23) H¡$bmg Pm§Par 118

24) gyaO‘b ‘wWm 123
25) g§O` {Q>H$m[a`m 126
26) a‘oe^mB© nQ>ob 131
27) Amerf ‘§Ìr 140
28) S>m°. AZ§V n§T>ao 150
29) adr H$mo§H$m 161
30) S>m°. à‘moXHw$‘ma ~OmO 166
31) ZamoÎm‘ h§gmoam 172
32) Jmonr{H$eZ H$m~am 176
33) {ZVrZ H$m~am 184
34) ‘mohZ ImoS>do 192
35) {XZoe N>mOoS> 195
36) {dO`Hw$‘ma AJ«dmb 200
37) ÛmaH$màgmX gmoZr 203
38) gm¡. H$ënZm emh 208
39) S>m°. gVre ‘moao 211
40) amhwb ~Ýgb 215
41) {dZ`‘w§XS>m 220
42) {dO`AÊUm ~moamS>o 226
43) H¡$bme ‘mbmoXo 234
44) aoIm ~¡Ob 238
45) amhwb bmhmoQ>r 243
46) ‘ZmoO nQ>dmar 249
47) Quotes 253
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àmñVm{dH$
AmnU OÝ‘mbm Ambmo hr B©ídar XoUJr Amho. Am`wî`âmVrb Amnbo H$V¥©Ëd hr Ë`m
B©ídamàVr AmnU ì`º$ Ho$bobr H¥$VkVm AgVo. `m XmoZ Q>moH$m§‘Yrb H$mbI§S> åhUOo
Amnbo Am`wî`. Am`wî`mÀ`m Ama§^mVrb MwH$m H$moUrhr Xwê$ñV H$ê$ eH$V Zmhr nU
àËòH$mOdiM Agboë`m "AmO' Mm Vmo Z¸$sM CÎm‘ àH$mao dmna eH$Vmo Am{U AmO
Ho$bobm ew^ma§^ AË`§V èñdr g‘mamonmn`ªV ZoVm òD$ eH$Vmo. àËòH$mÀ`mM Am`wî`mV
AJ{UV eŠ`meŠ`Vm XS>boë`m AgVmV. Aem Agm‘mÝ`, A{ÛVr` H$Wm§Zr ‘mZdr
B{VhmgmV Ag§»` Zmdo H$moabobr AmhoV. Amnë`m ‘`m©Xm Am{U n§JwnUmda AË`§V
èñdrarË`m ‘mV H$ê$Z `m ì`º$s¨Zr ZoÌXrnH$ è {‘idrV Amnbo AT>i ñWmZ {gÕ
Ho$bo. AmOÀ`m AË`§V doJdmZ OrdZ nÕVrV, OmJ{VH$sH$aUmÀ`m bmQ>oV Am{U d¡km{ZH$
- Am¡Úmo{JH$ H«$m§VrÀ`m H$mimV Va àËòH$ Jmoï> eŠ`VoÀ`m H$joV XmIb Pmbobr Amho.
Vw‘À`m ‘ZmV Oo H$mhr Va§J CR>Vrb Vo àË`j gmH$maÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm {VVH$sM {ZpíMV
Amho.
àËòH$mbm Amnbr H$m‘{Jar AË`wƒ nmVirn`ªV ZoVm òVo, AmYrMo "aoH$m°S>©' ‘moS>Vm
òVmV, àJVrMo, g§nÞVoMo, ââmQ>rMo Zdo Q>ßno {Z‘m©U H$aVm òVmV. A§V…àoaUobm Hw$R>ohr
‘`m©Xm nS>V Zmhr. AmO Amnë`m hmVmV Agbobo ho nwñVH$ hrM ^mdZm AYmoao{IV H$aVo
Amho. `m OmÁdë` ‘yë`m§Zm COmim XoÊ`mMo H$m‘ `m nwñVH$mVyZ hmoVo Amho. 40 àoaUmXm`r
ì`{º$‘Ëdm§Mm AmboI AmnUmg‘moa ‘m§S>Umao ho nwñVH$ ê$T> AWm©Zo Ho$di nwñVH$ Zmhr,
Va hr ì`{º$‘Ëdo AmnUmg‘moa {Od§V H$aUmao EH$ gmYZ Amho.
`m gdmªÀ`m OrdZH$WoMm lrJUoem OmbÝ`mgma»`m N>moQ>çmem ehamVyZ - `m
{OëømVrb N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm Jmdm§VyZ Pmbm. H$mimÀ`m AmoKmV Ë`m§Zr Amnbo n§I {dñVmabo,
Amnë`m A‘`m©X j‘Vm§Zm {OÔrMo ~i {Xbo Am{U Ë`mVyZ Ë`m§Zr Amnbo {díd gmH$mabo.
`m àËòH$mÀ`m Am`wî`mVrb EH$ ~m~ ‘mÌ EH$g‘mZ Amho, Vr åhUOo Ë`m§Mr N>moQ>rer
gwadmV. àËòH$mÀ`m OrdZH$WoMm àma§^ ho Ë`m§À`m H$V¥©Ëdd¥jmMo N>moQ>ogo ~rO Amho.
Xwgar g‘mZ ~m~ åhUOo Ë`m§Mr A§V…àoaUm. `m àËòH$mZo H$mimÀ`m nQ>bmda Amnbo Zmd
H$moabo. `mn¡H$s H$moUrhr Eo{Vhm{gH$ H$mimV KSy>Z Jobobo qH$dm H$mën{ZH$ åhUmdo Ago

ì`{º$‘Ëd Zmhr. ho gd© OU Amnë`mM OmbZm eha - {OëømVrb {OVrOmJVr ‘mUgo
AmhoV. `mVrb àËòH$OU AmOhr H$m`©aV Amho. `mVrb àËòH$OU `mM ‘mVrVyZ ‘moR>m
Pmbobm Amho. Ë`m§À`mhr AdVr^dVr VoM KS>bo, Oo Amnë`mn¡H$s àËòH$mÀ`m Amgnmg
KS>Vo Amho. Amnë`mg‘moarb AmìhmZo, Amnë`m ‘`m©Xm Ë`m§À`mhr g‘moa hmoË`m. Ë`m§Zmhr
n[apñWVrer Pw§Omdo bmJbo. `m AWH$ n[al‘mVyZ Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m H$V¥©ËdmZo Amnbo
^¸$‘ ñWmZ {Z‘m©U Ho$bo. Ë`m‘wioM Ë`m§Mm AmO gmè`m {Oëømbm A{^‘mZ dmQ>Vmo.
ho nwñVH$ dmMVmZm AmnUmbm `m gdmªÀ`m OrdZH$Wm§‘Üò Mma à‘wI JwUd¡{eîQ>ço
{XgVrb - 1) AmË‘{dídmg, 2) ‘mZ{gH$ gm‘Ï`©, 3) XyaÑï>r Am{U
bú`{ZpíMVr, 4) gdm}ËH¥$ï>VoMm Ü`mg.
1) AmË‘{dídmg … AmË‘{dídmgmMr VrZ d¡{eîQ>ço AgVmV. A) Amnë`m
bú`mà{V AmñWm Am{U bú` gmÜ` H$aÊ`mgmR>r ‘ohZV H$aÊ`mMr V`mar, ~)
èpñdVogmR>r, bú`nyVugmR>r ñdV…bm PmoHy$Z XoÊ`mMr V`mar, H$) bú`àmárgmR>r
Amdí`H$ AgUmar H$m¡eëò ñdV…À`m A§Jr ~mU{dÊ`mMr V`mar. hr àmW{‘H$ Am{U
‘hËdnyU© H$m¡eëò åhUOoM OrdZ{ejU...!
2) ‘mZ{gH$ gm‘Ï`© … àËòH$ g§H$Q>mVyZ g§YrMm emoY KoUo åhUOo ‘mZ{gH$
gm‘Ï`©. àËòH$ g§Yr‘Üò AS>MUrM {XgUo åhUOo ‘mZ{gH$ Xm¡~©ë`. Jwbm~mH$S>o
nmhVmZm Ë`mÀ`m a§J - J§YmMm AmñdmX ¿`m`Mm H$s Ë`mÀ`m^modVr Agboë`m H$mQ>çm§Mr
qMVm H$am`Mr hm àËòH$mÀ`m Ñ[ï>H$moZmMm ^mJ Amho. Am`wî`mV àËòH$mZo gH$mamË‘H$
Ñ[ï>H$moZ {Z‘m©U Ho$bm nm{hOo.
3) XyaÑï>r Am{U bú`{ZpíMVr … èpñdVoMr n{hbr nmàr åhUOo XyaÑï>r. Xwgar
nmàr åhUOo A§{V‘ bú`mMr {ZpíMVr Am{U Ë`m A§{V‘ bú`mÀ`m nyVuda ñdV…Mo bj
H|${ÐV H$aUo. `mgmR>r ñdV…bm PmoHy$Z XoUo ‘hËdmMo AgVo.
4) gdm}ËH¥$ï>VoMm Ü`mg … "H$m`PoZ' `m ZmdmZo OJà{gÕ Agboë`m OnmZr
VËdkmZmMo ho ‘yb^yV VËd Amho. H$m`PoZ åhUOo gmVË`nyU© gwYmaUm - {dH$mg. AmnU
Oo H$mhr H$aVmo AmhmoV Vo H$aÊ`mMm AmUIrhr EH$ CÎm‘ ‘mJ© Agy eH$Vmo, Ago VËd
"H$m`PoZ' AmnUmg {eH${dVo. AmnU Á`m§À`mda ào‘ H$aVmo Ë`m gdmª{df`r AmnUmg
dmQ>Umam {Oìhmim, Ë`m§Mr dmQ>Umar H$miOr ì`º$ H$aÊ`mMo AmUIrhr Mm§Jbo ‘mJ© Agy
eH$VmV, Amnë`m {‘Ìm§er, ZmVodmB©H$m§er, H$m‘Jma - H$‘©Mmè`m§er AmUIr Mm§Jë`m
àH$mao dmJÊ`mMo AOyZhr H$mhr ‘mJ© Agy eH$VmV, J«mhH$m§À`m g‘mYmZmgmR>r AmUIrhr
Mm§Jbo n`m©` emoYVm òD$ eH$VmV, CÎm‘ Amamo1⁄2` - {ejU - à{ejU {‘i{dÊ`mgmR>r
AmUIrhr Mm§Jbo ‘mJ© Agy eH$VmV... hm {dMma H$m`PoZ XoVo.
da C„oI Ho$boë`m JwUd¡{eîQ>çm§Zr g§nÞ Agboë`m `m 40 "Am`H$m°Ýg'‘Yrb

d¡{eîQ>ço A§Jr ~mU{dÊ`mMm à`ËZ AmnU Ho$bmV, Va è AmnboM Amho. à^mdhrZ
g§dmXH$m¡eë`, Am{W©H$ AS>MUr, Ý`yZJ§S>, N>moQ>çm ehamVrb {dH$mgmÀ`m ‘`m©Xm ho gmao
‘wÔo `mVyZ AmnmoAmnM Xya OmVrb Am{U Amnbr dmQ>Mmb è‘mJm©da gwê$ hmoB©b. {OÔrMr
VmH$X H$moUË`mhr ‘`m©Xm§nojm A’$mQ> Amho.
bjmV R>odm, `mVrb H$moUrhr OÝ‘V… èñdr ZìhVm. ñdßZnyVugmR>r Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m
bú`mda ñdV…bm H|${ÐV Ho$bo, Ë`m‘wio Ë`m§Zm è àmá Pmbo. OmbZm eha - {Oëhm
^bohr N>moQ>m Agob, ‘mJmg Agob nU OmbZoH$am§Mr {dOrJrfw d¥Îmr H$moUmhr A‘o[aH$Z,
O‘©Z qH$dm OnmZtgmaIrM Amho. g¥OZj‘Vm, CÚmoOH$Vm, ì`mdgm{`H$Vm `m gd© Jmoï>r
{eH$Vm òVmV Am{U {dH${gV hmoV OmVmV. `m n¥ÏdrVbmda Agboë`m àËòH$m‘Üò
Agbobo A‘`m©X gm‘Ï`© Vw‘À`mVhr Amho.
Mbm, `m nwñVH$mMo n{hbo nmZ CbQy>Z A‘`m©X èpñdVoÀ`m {XeoZo n{hbo nmD$b Q>mHyy$
`m. Amnë`m ñdßZnyVugmR>r Vwåhr AWH$ ‘ohZV H$ê$ bmJmb, Voìhm Ë`m AkmV eº$sbm
- OJ{Þ`§Ë`mbm EH$ àmW©Zm Adí` H$am - "ho na‘oídam, Vy Am{U ‘r EH${ÌVarË`m
èñdrnUo hmVmiy eH$Uma Zmhr Aer H$moUVrhr Jmoï> AmO KS>Uma Zmhr, `mMo ‘bm gVV
ñ‘aU amhÿ Xo.' na‘oída {ZpíMV Vw‘Mo ajU H$arb. ^{dî`mV OmbZm eha - {OëømMr
AmoiI gm§JUmè`m Zì`m nwñVH$mMo AmnUhr EH$ àH$aU AgmdoV, hrM àmW©Zm...
"MH$ Xo OmbZm'...!
- gwZrb am`R>Ç>m

OmbÝ`mV
àdoe H$aVmZm
’o$~«wdmar 2011 Mm n{hbm AmR>dS>m... gmYmaU gH$miMrM doi... ‘r ‘mÂ`m
Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m Am°{’$g‘Üò éQ>rZ H$m‘ H$arV hmoVmo, VodT>çmV ‘mo~mB©b IUmUbm...
OmbZm òWrb {d»`mV CÚmoOH$ lr. gwZrb am`R>Ç>m `m§Mo Zmd ñH«$sZda PiH$V hmoVo.
Ë`m§À`m~Ôb ‘mÂ`m ‘ZmV Zoh‘rM H$m¡VwH${‘{lV AmXa am{hbobm Amho. Ë`m§À`mer hmoUmam
g§dmX ‘mÂ`mgmR>r Zoho‘rM AmZ§XXm`r R>abobm Amho. `mM AmZ§Xr d¥ÎmrZo ‘r Ë`m§À`mer
g§dmX gwê$ Ho$bm Am{U àmW{‘H$ dmñVnwñV Pmë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr EH$ H$ënZm ‘m§S>br, Voìhm
‘r IynM AmZ§Xbmo. gmYmaU VrZ dfmªnydu ‘r "Pon' ho n{hë`m {nT>rVrb CÚmoOH$m§da
AmYm[aV nwñVH$ {b{hbobo hmoVo. Ë`m‘Üò lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§Mmhr n[aM` ‘r H$ê$Z {Xbobm
hmoVm. eyÝ`mVyZ C^r am{hbobr AZoH$ ‘mUgo AmnU nmhVmo. lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§Zr Va
Amnbo H$m`© "‘m`Zg'‘YyZ Cô Ho$bobo Amho! ñdV…À`m CÚmoOH$s` KmoS>Xm¡S>r~amo~aM
OmbÝ`mÀ`m ^mdr {nT>rÀ`m {dH$mgmgmR>r Vo H$arV Agboë`m à`ËZm§{df`r ‘r EoHy$Z hmoVmo.
`mM Ñï>rVyZ Ë`m§Zr Ë`m§À`m ‘ZmVrb hr H$ënZm ‘mÂ`mer "eoAa' Ho$br hmoVr. "Pon'À`mM
YVuda nU ’$º$ Am¡Úmo{JH$ {dídmnwaVoM ‘`m©{XV Z amhVm gd© joÌm§‘Üò OmbÝ`mMr
AmoiI Agboë`m ì`º$s¨Mm n[aM` Zì`m {nT>rbm H$ê$Z XoUmao EH$ nwñVH$ àH$m{eV
H$amdo, Agm Ë`m§Mm ‘ZmoX` hmoVm Am{U `m nwñVH$mÀ`m boIZmMr O~m~Xmar ‘r CMbmdr,
Aer Ë`m§Mr ‘Z…nyd©H$ BÀN>m hmoVr. ‘r A§V~m©ø Wamabmo. Ë`m§Zr Ë`m§À`m S´>r‘ àmoOoŠQ>gmR>r
‘mPr {ZdS> Ho$br hmoVr hm Ogm ‘mÂ`mgmR>r gÝ‘mZmMm Am{U ^m1⁄2`mMm ^mJ hmoVm VgmM
AemàH$maMo MmH$moar~mhoaMo H$m‘ hm ‘mÂ`m AmdS>rMm {df` hmoVm. ‘r VmVS>rZo Ë`m§Zm
hmoH$ma {Xbm Am{U Xwgè`mM {Xder gH$mir OmbÝ`mZOrH$À`m XmdbdmS>r òWrb
Ë`m§À`m àgÞ H$m`m©b`mV àmW{‘H$ MM}gmR>r XmIb Pmbmo.
OmbÝ`mVrb ^m1⁄2`bú‘r ñQ>rbMo lr. gwZrb Jmo`b Am{U {d»`mV grE lr. Hw$‘ma
Xoenm§S>o WmoS>çmM doimV `m MM}V gh^mJr Pmbo. gmYmaU 20 ì`º$s¨Mm n[aM` H$ê$Z
XoUmao ho nwñVH$ àH$m{eV H$am`Mo Am{U Ë`mgmR>r VmVS>rZo H$m‘mbm àma§^ H$am`Mm Ago
R>adyZ hr n{hbr ~¡R>H$ g§nbr. nwT>rb gmYmaU 15 {Xdgm§V Ë`m§Zr Zmdm§Mr A§{V‘ `mXr
V`ma Ho$br Voìhm hr g§»`m gmYmaU 30 n`ªV nmohmoMob, Ago bjmV Ambo. n{hbr nmM

Zmdo {ZdSy>Z ‘wbmIVr KoÊ`mg gwadmV H$am`Mr Ago R>abo Am{U 28 ’o$~«wdmar 2011
amoOr ‘r OmbÝ`mV XmIb Pmbmo. Á`m§Mm n[aM` H$ê$Z Úmd`mMm, Aem ì`º$s¨À`m
Zmdm§Mr `mXr V`ma hmoVr Am{U Ë`mVrb OdiOdi àËòH$ OU ‘mÂ`mgmR>r AZmoiIr
hmoVm. H$mhr ‘moOH$s XmoZ-VrZ Zmdo WmoS>çm~hþV n[aM`mMr hmoVr, BVHo$M!
V`ma H$aÊ`mV Amboë`m `mXrVrb Zmdm§n¡H$s n{hbr ôQ> R>abr hmoVr lr. naoe éUdmb
`m§À`mer. OmbÝ`mV Ë`m§Mm eoAa Q´>oqS>JMm ì`dgm` Amho, EdT>rM àmW{‘H$ ‘m{hVr
‘bm {‘imbobr hmoVr. OwZm ‘m|T>m ^mJmVrb EH$m AË`§V AZmH$f©H$ B‘maVrÀ`m n{hë`m
‘Oë`mdarb nmR>r‘mJÀ`m ^mJmV WmQ>boë`m EH$m hm°b‘Üò Amåhr nmohmoMbmo Voìhm VoWo
eoAa Q´>oqS>JMo H$mhr H$m‘ MmbV Agmdo, Ago dmQ>Umè`m H$mhr ImUmIwUm {Xgë`m.
Oo‘Vo‘ npñVerV Agboë`m lr. éUdmb `m§À`mer MMm© gwê$ Pmbr Am{U gmYmaU
AS>rM Vmgm§À`m AdYrÀ`m MM}Z§Va bjmV Ambo, H$s ‘r gmYmaUV… dm{f©H$ AmR> hOma
H$moQ>tMr CbmT>mb H$aUmè`m VéUmer MMm© Ho$br Amho! ‘mÂ`mgmR>r hm AmnmX‘ñVH$
ehmaÊ`mMm jU hmoVm. (Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m VwbZoV) OmbÝ`mgma»`m N>moQ>çm ehamV eoAa
‘mH}$Q> hm {df` {H$Vrgm ‘moR>m Agob, AJXr ho eha ‘moR>r ì`mnmanoR> AgVmZmhr ho H$m‘
{H$Vr ‘moR>o Agy eHo$b, `mMm nwgQ>gmhr A§XmO ‘r ~m§Yy eH$bmo ZìhVmo. hm ‘mPm nam^d
hmoVm nU Vmo AmZ§XXm`r hmoVm. ~hþXm eoAa Am{U dm`Xo~mOmamÀ`m joÌmV EH$mM N>VmImbr
gd© godm {‘iUmao Amnë`m amÁ`mVrb ‘w§~B©ImbmoImb ho EH$‘od H|$Ð Agmdo...!
`m IUIUrV gbm‘rZ§Va ‘r gmdY Pmbmo. ho H$m‘ H$aÊ`mMo R>adVmZm Pmboë`m
AmZ§Xmbm AmVm EH$m O~m~XmarMr OmUrd àH$fm©Zo hmoV hmoVr. "OmbÝ`mgma»`m ehamV
H$m` AgUma?' Aem ‘Z…pñWVrV gwê$ Ho$bobo H$m‘ "OmbÝ`mgma»`m ^mJmV AmUIr
H$m` H$m` nmhm`bm {‘iUma ~ao?' `m CËgwH$Von`ªV nmohmoMbo. `mZ§Va nwT>rb ‘{hZmâmV
EH$ - EH$ H$arV ‘wbmIVr nwT>o gaH$V Joë`m. àma§^r 20 OUm§Mm g‘mdoe 30 n`ªV
nmohmoMbm hmoVm nU OmbÝ`mÀ`m {dH$mgmV bjUr` `moJXmZ XoUmè`m§Mr ZdZdr Zmdo g‘moa
òVM hmoVr. Voìhm 40 Zmdm§da Wm§~m`Mo Ago gdmªZr {‘iyZ R>a{dbo. hr gd© Zmdo {d{dY
àH$maÀ`m joÌm§V H$m`©aV Agboë`m ì`º$s¨Mr hmoVr. `mVrb H$mhr CÚmoOH$ AmhoV Va
H$mhr ì`mdgm{`H$, H$mhr gm‘m{OH$ joÌm§V H$m‘ H$aUmao AmhoV, Va H$mhr e¡j{UH$...
`mVrb EH$ ~m~ EH$g‘mZ Amho - Ë`m Ë`m joÌmV H$m‘ H$aÊ`mMr Ë`m§Mr "n°eZ'.
"OmbZm- gmoZoH$m nmbZm' hr åhU Iyn dfmªnmgyZ H$mZmda òVo Amho, nU hm "gmoZo
H$m nmbZm' H$gm R>abm? `m n[agamÀ`m ‘mVr-nmÊ`mV Am{U ‘mUgm§À`m aº$mV H$moUVo
JwU AmhoV, `mMmhr emoY KoÊ`mMm à`ËZ `m {Z{‘ÎmmZo ‘r Ho$bm. hr àm{V{Z[YH$ Zmdo
{ZdS>VmZm {ZdS> g{‘VrZo hr {ZdS> A{Ve` H$miOrnyd©H$ Ho$bobr hmoVr, `mMo àË`§Va
nmdbmnmdbmda òV hmoVo. EHo$H$mir Agbobr OmbZm ehamMr "ì`mnmè`m§Mo eha' hr

AmoiI ~XbUmar Zdr {nT>r `m {Z{‘ÎmmZo OdiyZ nmhVm Ambr VgoM {d{dY joÌm§‘Üò
A{Ve` ‘hËdmMo `moJXmZ XoUmè`m OwÝ`m {nT>rVrb I§~ra ‘mUgm§Mm n[aM`hr `m
{Z{‘ÎmmZo Pmbm. AË`§V à{VHy$b pñWVrV {ejU KoV 1950 ‘Üò h¡Xam~mXoV
B§{O{ZA[a¨JgmR>r Jobobo Am{U 20 dfmªÀ`m ZmoH$arZ§Va d`mÀ`m nÞmerV "H°$~gZ'
hm ñdV§Ì CÚmoJ gwê$ H$aUmao lr. Or. Ho$. H$m~am Am{U nwÊ`mVrb "~OmO Q>oånmo'À`m
OdiOdi àËòH$ dmhZmÀ`m {S>PmB©Z‘Üò ‘hËdmMr ^y{‘H$m AgUmao lr. {dZ`Hw$‘ma
‘w§XS>m hr XmoÝhr ì`{º$‘Ëdo gmR>rÀ`m nwT>Mr AmhoV. {Vgao, gmR>rV nmohmoMbobo ì`{º$‘Ëd
Amho a‘oe^mB© nQ>ob `m§Mo. 1975À`m gw‘mamg gwQ>m Mhm {dH$Ê`mgmR>r OmbÝ`mV
Amboë`m a‘oe^mBªZr Amnë`m àM§S> ‘ohZVrZo "{dH«$‘ Mhm'Mo gm‘«mÁ` OmbÝ`mV C^mabo.
`m d`mVhr `m {VKm§Mmhr CËgmh VéUm§Zm gwÕm bmO{dUmam Amho. "ñQ>rb B§S>ñQ´>r' C^r
H$aUo, Ë`mV A{^Zd à`moJ H$aUo hr Imgr`V Agbobo lr. {ZVrZ H$m~am Am{U Ho$di
n¡gm H$‘mdÊ`mgmR>r Zìho, Va g‘mOmMo AmnU H$mhr XoUo bmJVmo `m ^mdZoVyZ CÚmoJmMm
{dñVma H$aUmam Ë`m§Mm "^m1⁄2`bú‘r ñQ>rb' hm J«wn AmOÀ`m OJmV ñdV…Mr doJir
AmoiI {gÕ H$aUmam Amho. "ñQ>rb {gQ>r' OmbÝ`mV H$maImZo Va AZoH$ AmhoV nU àM§S>
Am{W©H$ CbmT>mb Agboë`m Aem CÚmoJmV nmQ>©Za{en èñdr hmoÊ`mMr {H$‘`m "amOwar
ñQ>rb'Zo KS>{dbr. `m "{H$‘`mJmam§'‘Üò "’$ñQ>© A‘§J B¹$b' Agbobo lr. ÛmaH$màgmX
gmoZr `m§Mr dmQ>Mmbhr àoaUmXm`r Amho.
~mbd`mVM Mm§Jbo g§ñH$ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r ‘mJrb XmoZ XeH$m§nmgyZ Zg©ar Mmb{dUmè`m
gm¡. {demIm Xoenm§S>o Am{U "B§Q>aZ°eZb ñHy$b'À`m ñnY}V CVê$Z OmbÝ`mV EH$ CÎm‘
emim C^r H$aUmè`m gm¡. ‘Zrfm nwar `m§Mo {ejU joÌmVrb `moJXmZ OodT>o ‘hËdmMo
Amho, {VVH$mM ‘hËdmMm ^mJ lr. g§O` {Q>H$m[a`m `m§À`m "b°~ A{gñQ>§Q>'À`m
‘mÜ`‘mVyZ grQ>rE‘Ho$ JwOamVr {dÚmb`mV Vo ~OmdV Agboë`m H$m‘{JarMm Amho.
AZoH$ amÁ` nwañH$mam§Mo ‘mZH$ar R>aboë`m lr. {Q>H$m[a`m `m§Zr {dÚmÏ`mª‘Üò {dkmZd¥Îmr
OmJ{dÊ`mgmR>r KoVbobr ‘ohZV Am{U Ë`m§Mr à`moJerbVm EImÚm emókmbmhr AM§{~V
H$aUmar Amho. gm§ñH¥${VH$ joÌmV Z¥Ë`-Jm`ZmMo `moJXmZ XoUmè`m gm¡. {dÚm amd OmbÝ`mV
EImÚm "AmoA°{gg'à‘mUo H$m`©aV AmhoV. gm¡. aoIm ~¡Ob ho gm{hË` joÌmV VinUmao
Zmdhr OmbÝ`mVrbM. EH$ bo{IH$m åhUyZ {dH${gV Pmbobo Ë`m§Mo ì`{º$‘Îd Am{U
Ë`m§À`m gm{hË`H¥$VtÀ`m {Z{‘©Vr‘mJrb àoaUm Aä`mgUo hm hr AmZ§XmMm ^mJ AgVmo.
ór eº$sVrb {OÔrMo OmbÝ`mVrb CÎm‘ CXmhaU åhUOo "O¡Z ~§Yy nmd^mOr'À`m gm¡.
~g§Vr Mmoa{S>`m - CZo. Amnë`m d{S>bm§Zr gwê$ Ho$boë`m nmd^mOrÀ`m JmS>çmMo ê$nm§Va
Ë`m§Zr AmO EH$m àeñV ’$mñQ> ’w$S> g|Q>a‘Üò Ho$bo Amho. "éMr àm°S>ŠQ>g²'À`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ
OmbZoH$am§À`m {OôMo MmoMbo nwa{dUmè`m {à`m Omoer `m§Mm CÚmoJhr hiyhiy {dñVmaV
Amho. "grëg'À`m CÚmoJmV H$m`©aV Agboë`m gm¡. ‘rZmjr ‘ohþUH$a `m§Zr Amnë`m

nVrÀ`m ‘XVrZo KoVbobr ì`dgm`mVrb Ponhr AVwbZr` Amho. EHo$H$mir Xmb {‘bbm
bmJUmar `§Ìo XwéñV H$aUmè`m lr. ZamoÎm‘ h§gmoam `m§Zr ‘moR>çm {h‘VrZo Aem àH$maÀ`m
{‘b Cä`m H$aÊ`mgmR>r bmJUmar `§ÌUm V`ma H$aÊ`mMm H$maImZm gwê$ Ho$bm Am{U
H$mimZwê$n Ë`mV ~Xb H$arV Xmb {‘bÀ`m ì`már‘Üò AZoH$ ~Xb Ho$bo. Ë`m§Mo d Ë`m§Zm
‘XV H$aUmè`m Ë`m§À`m XmoÝhr ‘wbm§Mo CXmhaU gd©M Ñï>rZo AZwH$aUr` Amho.
embo` {ejUmV A{O~mV JVr ZgUmè`m Am{U EHo$H$mir "EgQ>rS>r-nrgrAmo'da
ZmoH$ar H$aUmè`m lr. ZmamÙ gmoZwZo `m§Zr Amnë`m Agm‘mÝ` {OÔ, {MH$mQ>r d
à`moJerbVoÀ`m ~imda ñQ>oeZarÀ`m ~mOmanoR>oV ñdV…Mo ñWmZ {Z‘m©U Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m§Zr
V`ma Ho$boë`m ’$mB©ëg AmO OmbZm {OëømÀ`m ~mhoahr OmV AmhoV. gVV H$mR>mda nmg
hmoUmè`m {H$§dm Zmnmg hmoUmè`m {dÚmÏ`mªgmR>r ñdV…Mo {díd {Z‘m©U H$aUmao ho EH$ CÎm‘
CXmhaU Amho. EHo$H$mir IanwS>rÀ`m H¥${f {dkmZ H|$ÐmV gmbXma åhUyZ H$m‘ H$aUmè`m
gm¡. grVm~mB© ‘mo{hVo AmO `m H|$ÐmÀ`m g„mJma g§Mm{bH$m AmhoV. Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m
ì`mdgm{`H$ Hw$emJ«VoÀ`m ~imda Amdù`mgh {d{dY ’$im§da à{H«$`m§Mm CÚmoJ gwê$
Ho$bm. {d{dY nwañH$ma {‘idrV naXoemV OmD$Zhr Amnbr N>mn nmS>br. {deof åhUOo
Ë`m A{e{jV AmhoV...! Ho$irÀ`m {Mßg V`ma H$aUmao S>m|JaJmdMo lr. B©ídaXmg KZJmd
`m§Mo CXmhaUhr J«m‘rU ^mJmV amhÿZ doJù`m dmQ>m MmoImiUmè`m§gmR>r ‘mJXe©H$ Amho.
‘§R>mgma»`m J«m‘rU ^mJmVyZ nwT>o Ambobo Am{U AmO nwÊ`mV ñdV…Mr "Am`Q>r H§$nZr'
Mmb{dUmao Oo‘Vo‘ 25 dfu` amhwb ~Ýgb ho B§{O{ZA[a¨JZ§Va naXoemV OmD$Z n¡gm
H$‘mdÊ`mEodOr XoemVM amhÿZ ñdV…À`m ‘ohZVrZo H$m‘ Cô H$aÊ`mVrb EH$ ‘hËdmMo
CXmhaU Amho. do~ {S>Pm`qZJÀ`m joÌmV AmO Ë`m§Mr ñdV…Mr AmoiI Am§Vaamï´>r`
nmVirda {gÕ Pmbobr Amho.
‘w§~B©À`m "`yS>rgrQ>r'VyZ Ho${‘H$b B§{O{ZAa Pmbobo Am{U `mM {df`mV H$mhr
Abm¡{H$H$ H$m‘ Cô H$aUmao lr. Amerf ‘§Ìr `m§À`m~Ôb H$m` ~mobUma? agm`Zm§À`m
OJmV {daKiyZ Jobobo ho EH$ AO~ agm`Z Amho. A{Ve` H$‘r d`mV A{ZpíMV
Am{W©H$ MT>-CVma nm{hboë`m `m ‘mUgmZo AË`§V àJV V§ÌkmZmZo `wº$, newImÚmgmR>r
dmnabo OmUmao A{Ve` Cƒ XOm©Mo àmo{Q>Z {Z‘m©U H$aUmam "[añH$s' CÚmoJ OmbÝ`mV
C^mabm. Aem àH$maMm èñdrnUo H$m`©aV Agbobm hm ^maVmVrb n{hbmM CÚmoJ Amho
Am{U `mMr XmoZ noQ>§Q> `m CÚmoJmÀ`m Zmdmda AmhoV, `mVM gJio Ambo...!
OmbÝ`mV gwg‚m aº$noT>r C^r H$aÊ`mÀ`m Ü`mgmZo PnmQ>bobo nygmam‘ ‘w§XS>m,
nwÊ`m-‘w§~B©Mr "gwna ‘mH}$Q>'Mr g§H$ënZm OmbÝ`mV am~{dUmao ‘mo. `wgy’$ hmOr Ah‘X^mB©
d Ë`m§Mm g§nyU© "n[adma', noQ>rH$moQ>gma»`m ì`dgm`mV CVê$Z Zdr ~mOmanoR> {Z‘m©U
H$aVmZmM {ZamYma ‘{hbm§Zm H$m‘ XoD$Z Ë`m§À`m g§gmambm AmYma XoUmao am‘oída d

kmZoída g§XynQ>bm ~§Yy, "b°nQ>m°n pŠb{ZH$' `m g§H$ënZoMo Omio gmè`m ‘hmamï´>â
{dUÊ`mg {ZKmbobo ‘Zrf amR>r, H$moéJoQ>oS> ~m°Šg Am{U "Egr' CnH$aUm§‘Üò bmJUmao
Vm§ã`mMo gwQ>o ^mJ V`ma H$aUmao {OV|Ð amR>r `m§À`m~amo~aM EH$m bmoqS>J [ajmnmgyZ gwê$
Pmbobm ì`dgm` Xhm MmH$s Q´>H$À`m IaoXrn`ªV ZoUmao {hH$‘Vr lr. g§O` Ho$Xma `m§Mr
H$hmUrhr ‘wimVyZM dmMÊ`mgmaIr Amho.
hr Am{U Aer EH§$Xa 41 ì`{º$‘Ëdo AmnUmg `m nwñVH$mV dmMÊ`mg {‘iVrb.
40 OUm§{df`rM `m nwñVH$mV {b{hÊ`mMo R>aë`mZ§Va eodQ>À`m jUr 41 do Zmd `m‘Üò
g‘m{dï> H$aUo ^mJ nS>bo. hm AndmX Amdí`H$ hmoVm, H$maU EH$m doJù`mM {dídmV
a‘boë`m lr. amhwb bmhmoQ>r `m§Mo Zmd g‘moa Ambo Am{U `moJm`moJmZo Vo `mM H$mimV
gwQ>rda OmbÝ`mV Ambo hmoVo. "{~Q²>g, {nbmZr' òWyZ H$m°åß`wQ>a B§{O{ZAa Pmboë`m lr.
amhwb `m§Zr Amnbr ‘m`H«$mogm°âQ>‘Yrb Mm§Jë`m nJmamMr ZmoH$ar gmoSy>Z "npãbH$ nm°{bgr'
`m {df`mV Cƒ {ejU KoVbo Am{U gÜ`m Vo "nm°{bgr ‘oqH§$J'À`m joÌmV [agM©a åhUyZ
~|JbmoaÀ`m "AmÀmÈ‘'‘Üò H$m`©aV AmhoV. Amnë`m "n°eZ'bm "àmo’o$eZ'‘Üò
~XbÊ`mMo Ë`m§Mo YmS>g Zì`m {nT>rgmR>r A{Ve` AZwH$aUr` Amho.
"~OmO'Mo ßbm§Q> B§MmO© lr. H¡$bmg Pm§Par, {d»`mV gO©Z S>m°. g§O` amI,
hmo{‘AmonWr VÁk S>m°. gVre ‘moao, "JUnVr N>mn ‘oh§Xr'Mo lr. gyaO‘b ‘wWm, S>m°.
hoS>Jodma hm°pñnQ>bÀ`m C^maUrV ‘hËdmMr ^y{‘H$m ~OmdUmao S>m°. AZ§V n§T>ao, "ñn‘©
àmogoga' `m Amnë`m A{^Zd joÌmV Am§Vaamï´>r` nmVirdarb H$m‘{Jar ~OmdUmao S>m°.
à‘moX ~OmO, IanwS>rÀ`m H¥${f{dkmZ H|$ÐmÛmao eoVH$è`m§À`m Am`wî`mV ‘hËdmMr ^y{‘H$m
~OmdUmao lr. {dOÀÊUm ~moamS>o, B§S>pñQ´>`b gßbm`‘Üò d¡{eîQ>çnyU© H$m‘{Jar
~OmdUmao lr. {XZoe N>mOoS>, OmbÝ`mV BÝìhQ>©a - `ynrEg V`ma H$aUmao lr. {dO`Hw$‘ma
AJ«dmb, gmYo {S>ßbmo‘m B§{O{ZAa AgyZhr CÎm‘ H$m‘{JarÀ`m AmYmamda ~hþamï´>r`
H§$nZrV Pon KoUmao lr. H¡$bme ‘mbmoXo, A{Ve` N>moQ>çm nmVirda Ho$Q>[a¨JMm ì`dgm`
gwê$ H$ê$Z AmO Amnbo ñdV…Mo ñWmZ {Z‘m©U H$aUmè`m gm¡. H$ënZm emh, Amnë`m
{dH«$‘r am§JmoirÛmao {J{ZO ~wH$mV Zmd Zm|X{dUmao lr. adr H$m|H$m, Amnë`m d¡{eîQ>çnyU©
"~’©$ Jmoù`m'Zo OmbZoH$am§Zm W§S>mdm XoUmao lr. ‘mohZ ImoS>do... hr `m nwñVH$mVrb Zmdo
AerM C„oIZr` AmhoV. hr àËòH$ H$Wm AmnUmg Z¸$sM H$mhrVar {dMma XoD$Z
OmB©b, ho {ZpíMV.
Am{U gdm©V ‘hËdmMo Zmd - ~ÐrZmamÙOr ~madmbo. OmbZm åhQ>bo H$s OJmÀ`m
H$moUË`mhr H$monè`mV "‘{hH$mo'Mr AmoiI gm§{JVbr OmVo Am{U "‘{hH$mo' åhQ>bo H$s
~ÐrZmamÙOr g‘moa òVmV. ê$T> AWm©Zo gmYo nXdrYahr Zgboë`m ~ÐrZmamÙOtZr
Amnbr qh‘V, ‘ohZV Am{U XyaÑï>rÀ`m Omoamda C^mabobo {~`mÊ`m§Mo gm‘«mÁ`

d¡{eîQ>çnyU© R>abo AmhoM, nU Ë`mM ~amo~a AmnU g‘mOmMo XoUo bmJVmo, `m ^mdZoVyZ
Ë`m§Zr Cä`m Ho$boë`m g§ñWm Ë`m§Mo ‘moR>onU gm§JyZ OmVmV. Ë`m§Mr AmoiI gm§Jm`bm `m
nwñVH$mMr gJir nmZohr H$‘r nS>mdrV...!
Agm ‘mPm hm OmbZm {OëømMm àdmg! EImXr Q>oH$S>r MTy>Z OmÊ`mM§ R>admd§
Am{U MT>m`bm bmJë`mZ§Va bjmV `md§, H$s Vmo nd©V Amho, Ag§ H$mhrg§ ‘mP§ Pmb§.
nU nd©VmMr AdKS> MT>U MT>VmZm dmQ>oV ’w$bm§Mo N>mZgo VmQ>do bmJmdoV, ‘ÜòM gw§Xa
Obme` AgmdoV, nwT>o OmUmè`m nm`dmQ>m§À`m XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zr VmOrVdmZr ’w$bo S>moH$mdV
AgmdrV Am{U MT>Ê`mMo H$ï> dmQy>M ZòV, AgmM H$mhrgm hm AZw^d hmoVm. àgÞ Am{U
AZw^dg§nÞ H$aUmam...!
hm AZw^d ‘bm Am{U ho nwñVH$ dmMUmè`m gdmªZmM Á`m§À`m‘wio KoVm Ambm, Ë`m
lr. gwZrb am`R>Ç>m `m§À`m~Ôb Mma eãX gm§{JVbo ZmhrV, Va ‘r AnamYr R>aoZ. ho nwñVH$
àË`jmV òÊ`mgmR>r lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§Zr KoVbobo n[al‘ AVwbZr` AmhoV. Vo ñdV…hr EH$
èñdr CÚmoOH$ AmhoV. AmO 40 hÿZ A{YH$ Xoem§‘Üò Ë`m§Mr CËnmXZo {Z`m©V hmoVmV.
‘mÌ AmOMo ho è ghOnUo Ambobo Zmhr. lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§À`m KmoS>Xm¡S>rMr H$hmUr IynM
doJir Amho. hr H$hmUr Amho EH$m {OÔrMr, eyÝ`mVyZ {díd {Z‘m©U H$aUmè`m {’${ZŠg
nú`mMr. 1977 ‘Üò Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m emgH$s` A{^`m§{ÌH$s ‘hm{dÚmb`mVyZ CÎmrU©
Pmë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr Ama§^rÀ`m H$mimV "Eb A±°S> Q>r'‘Üò ZmoH$ar Ho$br. 1981 ‘Üò Ë`m§Zr
ZmoH$ar gmoSy>Z ñdV…À`m ì`dgm`mg gwadmV Ho$br. AmO Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m ì`dgm`mVrb
EH$ ‘hÎdmMm Q>ßnm JmR>bm Amho. N>moQ>çm Xoem§nmgyZ gwadmV H$ê$Z Amnë`m {Z`m©VrMoo joÌ
Ë`m§Zr AmVm ’«$mÝggma»`m Xoemn`ªV {dñVmabo Amho. Amnë`m ‘mUgm§da {dídmg H$gm
Am{U {H$Vr Q>mH$mdm, ho am`R>Ç>m `m§À`mH$Sy>ZM {eH$mdo ! naXoemVrb ~mOmanoR> {‘idVmZm
Am{U dmT>dVmZm Vo ñdV… OodT>çm doim naXoemV Jobo ZgVrb, Ë`mhÿZ A{YH$ doim
Ë`m§À`mH$S>rb H$m‘Jma naXoer OmD$Z Ambobm Amho ! CÚmoJmÀ`m joÌmV hr Zdr g§H$ënZm
éO{dVmZm Ë`m§Zr ‘mUg§ C^r Ho$br, OmoS>br Am{U gdmªZm KoD$Z Vo nwT>o OmV AmhoV...!
lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§À`m "{dZmoXam` B§{O{ZA[a¨J àm. {b.>'‘Üò nmÊ`mÀ`m Q>mŠ`m§À`m
CËnmXH$m§Zm bmJUmar `§Ìo V`ma hmoVmV. ~mOmanoR>oV eo-XmoZeo {bQ>g©nmgyZ nmÊ`mÀ`m
Q>mŠ`m CnbãY AmhoV. `m Q>mŠ`m ~Z{dÊ`mMo V§ÌkmZ Am{U `§Ìo lr. am`R>Ç>m V`ma
H$aVmV. `m ì`dgm`mbm Ë`m§Zr gmYmaUnUo gZ 1991 ‘Üò gwadmV Ho$br. gZ 2000
‘Üò {X„rV "ßbmñQ> B§{S>`m' ZmdmÀ`m Am¡Úmo{JH$ àXe©ZmV Ë`m§Zr ^mJ KoVbm Am{U
VoWyZ gmao {MÌ nmbQ>bo. Ë`mM àXe©ZmVyZ Ë`m§Zm {Z`m©VrMr n{hbr Am°S>©a {‘imbr. lr.
am`R>Ç>m gm§JVmV, ""`m àXe©ZmV Amåhr gdm©V bhmZ ñQ>m°b ~wH$ Ho$bm hmoVm. ñQ>m°bMo
n¡gohr hßË`mhßË`mZo âbo. `§Ìo KoD$Z OmÊ`mBVH$m n¡gm ZìhVm, åhUyZ Ë`mMo ’$moQ>mo

Am{U ‘m{hVrMo Vºo$ Amåhr gmo~V Zobo hmoVo. ‘[eÝgMr S>m`‘oÝeÝg H$m`, `mMo CÎma
XoÊ`mBVH$shr Am‘Mr V`mar ZìhVr. VoWo Amåhr OmJ{VH$ ~mOmanoR>oMo {MÌ nm{hbo.
Am‘À`mVrb ÌwQ>r Am‘À`m bjmV Amë`m. VoWyZM Am‘À`m àJVrbm doJ Ambm.''
gÜ`m Vo gm¡Xr Aao{~`m, Hw$doV, Q>m§Pm{Z`m, ‘bo{e`m, h¡Vr, ZmÒo[a`m, {’$Or, {b{~`m,
ò‘oZ, ‘bo{e`m, Q>çw{Z{e`m, gwXmZ, ‘mXmJmñH$a, Pm§{~`m, H$Vma, g§`wº$ Aa~ A{‘amVr
AmXr Xoem§Zm `§Ìo {Z`m©V H$aVmV. Ë`m§À`m CËnmXZm§Mm XOm© nmhÿZ ZwH$VrM Ë`m§À`mH$S>o
’«$mÝg‘YyZhr Am°S>©a Ambr. {Z`m©Vr~m~V Agboë`m AZoH$ e§H$m§Mo Vo g‘mYmZ H$aVmV.
gdm©V ‘hÎdmMm ‘wÔm AgVmo ^mfoÀ`m AS>Wù`mMm. nU hm ‘wÔm J¡a Amho, Ago gm§JVmZm
Vo åhUVmV - Amnbo àm°S>ŠQ> XO}Xma Agob Am{U qH$‘V dmOdr Agob, Va VoWo ì`dhma
OwiÊ`mgmR>r ^mfoMm AS>Wim A{O~mV òV Zmhr. {VW§ AW©H$maU ‘hÎdmM§ AgV§,
H$maU ’$m`ÚmMr ^mfm àËòH$mbm g‘OVo !
‘mJrb XmoZ dfmªnmgyZ Ë`m§Zr OmbÝ`mV "`§J BZmoìhoQ>g©' hr Midi C^mabr Amho.
{d{dY joÌm§Vrb ‘mÝ`dam§À`m ghH$m`m©Zo Vo {dÚmÏ`mªVrb A{^Zd H$ënZm§Zm IVnmUr
KmbÊ`mMo d Ë`m ’w$b{dÊ`mMo H$m‘ H$aVmV. `§Ì‘mZd {Z{‘©VrMr H$m`©emim, ’$moQ>moJ«m’$s
H$m`©emim `m§À`mgh AZoH$ CnH«$‘ Vo OmbÝ`mV am~{dVmV. ñdV… XrS>-XmoZ bmI
én`m§Mm IM© H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zr Img {dÚmÏ`mªgmR>r OmbÝ`mV EH$ g§nÞ J«§Wmb` C^mabo
Amho. OmbÝ`mVrb nwT>Mr {nT>r A{YH$ gj‘ Am{U n[anyU© hmoÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Mm hm à`ËZ
gwê$ Amho. ho nwñVH$hr `m à`ËZm§MmM EH$ ^mJ Amho.
AmO H$m°nm}aoQ> OJVmV "gmoeb [añnm°pÝg{~{bQ>rO' hm ñdV§Ì {d^mJ H$m`©aV AgVmo.
`m Ûmao g‘mOmon`moJr CnH«$‘ am~{dÊ`mgmR>r H$mhr {ZYr amIyZ R>odbobm AgVmo. AZoH$Xm
`mVyZ ’$º$ XoImdo C^mabo OmV Agë`mMr Q>rH$m hmoV AgVo. ‘mÌ, Aem àH$maMo
H$gbohr ~§YZ ZgVmZm lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§Zr OmbÝ`mÀ`m ^mdr {nT>rgmR>r C^mabobm
"`§J BZmoìhoQ>g©' hm ‘hm`k Am{U Ë`mVrb `m nwñVH$mÀ`m ê$nmMr g{‘Ym gdmªgmR>rM
AZwH$aUr` R>amdr.
EH$ ~m~ òWo AmdOy©Z ñnï> H$amdrer dmQ>Vo, H$s ho 41 OU åhUOo OmbZm
{OëømMm n[anyU© n[aM` Zìho. hr Zmdo Ho$di àm{V{Z{YH$ Aer AmhoV. `mV g‘m{dï>
H$aVm Z Ambobr AZoH$ Zmdo AË`§V OS> A§V…H$aUmZo Amåhmbm ~mOybm R>odmdr bmJbr.
`m‘mJo nwñVH$mÀ`m nmZm§Mr ‘`m©Xm, EdT>o EH$M H$maU Amho. H$Xm{MV, `m nwñVH$mMm
Xwgam ^mJ ^{dî`mV àH$m{eV H$amd`mMo R>aë`mg hr Zmdohr Ë`mV g‘m{dï> H$aUo eŠ`
hmoB©b.
hoM nwñVH$ B§J«OrVyZhr àH$m{eV ìhmdo Agm AmJ«h lr. Amerf ‘§Ìr `m§Zr Yabm.
àH$meZmMr O~m~Xmar ñdrH$maboë`m lr. am`R>Ç>m `m§Zrhr Ë`mda bj H|${ÐV Ho$bo. AmVm

EH$mM doir ‘amR>r Am{U B§J«OrVyZ ho nwñVH$ àH$m{eV hmoV Amho. ‘r ‘amR>rVyZ Ho$bobo
boIZ A{Ve` CÎm‘ àH$mao B§J«OrVyZ ‘m§S>Ê`mMo A{Ve` ‘mobmMo Am{U H$m¡eë`mMo H$m‘
‘yiMo OmbZm òWrb Am{U gÜ`m ‘w§~B©V AgUmao lr. --- `m§Zr Ho$bo. Ë`m§Mo Am^ma
‘mZUo H¥${Ì‘nUmMo hmoB©b. `m 41 ì`º$s¨À`m àË`j ôQ>tgmR>r ‘r OmbZm, h¡Xam~mX,
nwUo BWo àdmg Ho$bm. h¡Xam~mXoVrb ôQ>rgmR>r lr. gË`ZmamÙ gmoZr `m§Mr ‘XV Pmbr.
A{Ve` C‘Úm ‘ZmÀ`m `m J¥hñWm§Zr Amnë`m ì`dgm`mV AZoH$ à`moJ Ho$bo AmhoV.
Ë`m§Mr ôQ> hmhr AmZ§XXm`r AZw^d hmoVm. OmbZm Am{U nwÊ`mÀ`m ôQ>rJmR>t‘Üò
"{dZmoXam`'‘Yrb lr. lrH$m§V Xoenm§S>o `m§Zr Ho$bobo ghH$m`© Am^mamÀ`mhr nbrH$S>Mo
Amho. n{hë`m {XderÀ`m n{hë`m ôQ>rnmgyZ AJXr AIoaÀ`m ôQ>rn`ªV àËòH$ {R>H$mUr Vo
‘mÂ`mgmo~V hmoVo. gd© ì`º$sër gwg§dmX àñWm{nV H$aUo, Ë`m§À`mVrb g‘Ýd`, ~hþVoH$
doim VoWrb ’$moQ>moJ«m’$s Am{U AZoH$Xm S´>m`pìh¨J‘Üòhr Vo ‘mPo dmQ>oH$ar Pmbo. Ë`m§Zr
KoVboë`m ‘ohZVr‘wio ‘mPm ^ma IynM hbH$m Pmbm. Ë`m§Mo Am^ma ‘mZUo hm {Zìdi
XoImdm R>aob. AmUIr EH$ Zmd KoVë`m{edm` ho boIZ AnyU© amhrb. lr. gwZrb Jmo`b
`m§Zr AJXr n{hë`m ~¡R>H$sV `m boIZm{df`r H$mhr Anojm ì`º$ Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. `m
boIZmXaå`mZ Ë`m ‘mJ©Xe©H$ R>aë`m. AZoH$ boIm§‘Üò Ë`m§Zr Ho$boë`m gyMZm§‘wio ho boI
A{YH$ n[anyU© hmoÊ`mg ‘XV Pmbr. Am^mamMo ho àXe©Z H$Xm{MV Ë`m§Zm AmdS>Uma Zmhr!
Am{U gdm©V ‘hËdmMo... lr. gwZrb am`R>Ç>m. Amnbr gm‘m{OH$ OmUrd àË`j H¥$VrVyZ
Vo ì`º$ H$aVmV. Ë`m§À`m g§H$ënZm Am{U nwT>mH$mam‘wioM ho nwñVH$ AmO Amnë`m hmVr
Amho. Ë`m§À`m H$m`‘ F$UmVM amhUo ‘bm AmdS>ob.
OmbÝ`mÀ`m àoaUmXm`r {dídmV AmnUm gdmªMo ‘Z…nyd©H$ ñdmJV!
- XÎmm Omoer

CÚmoOH$Vm
OmbZm {Oëhm {OVH$m "g§Vm§Mr ^y‘r' åhUyZ à{gÕ Amho {VVH$mM "CÚmoJm§Mr ^y‘r'
åhUyZhr Vmo à{gÕ Amho. OmbÝ`mMr VwbZm amOñWmZÀ`m eoImdQ>r ^mJmerM hmoD$ eH$Vo.
òWrb nmÊ`mV Am{U ‘mVrVM CÚmoOH$VoMr d¡{eîQ>ço éOÊ`mMm JwU Amho. OmbÝ`mVrb
ì`mnmar ‘mJrb 300 df} òWrb ^mJmda, amÁ`mV Am{U XoemVhr Amnbo dM©ñd JmOdrV
AmhoV. Ë`m§À`m nwT>rb {nT>çmhr ì`mnma, ì`dgm` Am{U CÚmoJmV AJ«oga AmhoV. `m
ZdCÚmoOH$m§Zrhr OmbÝ`mÀ`m ââmQ>rV Amnbm hmV^ma bmdbobm Amho. `m nwñVH$mV
`m {df`mMr MMm© H$aVmZm `m boImV ‘mÌ AmnU CÚmoOH$VoMr ‘ybVËdo g‘OyZ KoÊ`mMm
à`ËZ H$ê$. `m Ñï>rVyZ nwT>rb nwñVH$mMo Ho$bobo dmMZ AmnUmg Z¸$sM {dMmaàdU
H$arb.
CÚmoOH$Vm Am{U CÚmoOH$ ho eãX ‘mJrb e§â dfmªnmgyZ {dH${gV Xoem§§‘Üò
àM{bV AmhoV. ‘mÌ Ë`mMo AW© Xa Xhm-drg dfmªZr ~XbV Jobo. eoVH$ar, g¡{ZH$,
g¡Ý`mV ZmoH$ar H$arV g¡Ý`XbmgmR>r añVo - nyb ~m§YUmam Ago `m eãXmMo AZoH$ AW© nydu
àM{bV hmoVo. ‘mÌ ‘mJrb 50 dfm©V `m eãXm§Zm {d{eîQ> AW© àmá hmoV Jobm Am{U AmVm
CÚmoOH$Vm hr EH$ {ZpíMV g§H$ënZm Pmbobr Amho.
^maVmV CÚmoOH$ Am{U CÚmoOH$VoMo ‘hËd OmJ{VH$sH$aUmÀ`m Am{U CXmarH$aUmÀ`m
aoQ>çm‘Üò emgZmÀ`m bjmV Ambo. CÚmoOH$VoMr g§H$ënZm ^maVmV eoH$S>mo dfmªnmgyZ
H$m`©aV Amho. ‘mÌ Vr Z éOÊ`mMo H$maU òWrb gm‘m{OH$ ê$T>r Am{U g§ñH$mam§‘Üò Amho.
nma§n[aH$ eoVr Am{U ZmoH$ar `m§daM H$mhr AndmX dJiVm ~hþVoH$ ^maVr`m§Mm â am{hbobm
Amho. emgH$s` H$m`m©bò, ~±H$m, {ejUg§ñWm `m§À`mVrb ZmoH$è`m§Zm A{YH$ ‘mZgÝ‘mZ
hmoVm Am{U AmOhr {‘iVmo Amho. hr pñWVr àm‘w»`mZo ‘amR>r ‘mUgm§V hmoVr. `mCbQ>
JwOamVr, ‘madmS>r, qgYr, nmaer, amOñWmZr g‘mO ‘mÌ ZmoH$è`m§À`m ‘mJo Z YmdVm ñdV§Ì
CÚmoJ, ì`dgm`, ì`mnma `mda Amnbo bj H|${ÐV H$ê$Z dmQ>Mmb H$arV Amho. Amnë`m
ì`mdgm{`H$ {hVmgmR>r ñWbm§Va qH$dm Xoem§Vamghr hm g‘mO ‘mJonwT>o nmhmV Zmhr, hohr
bjUr` Amho. AWm©V, CÚmoOH$s` ‘mZ{gH$Vm `m g‘mOm§‘Üò AmYrnmgyZM Amho. ‘amR>r
‘mUgm§‘Üò ‘mÌ ‘mJrb 20-25 dfmªnmgyZM hm {dMma gwê$ Pmbm.

CÚmoOH$ qH$dm CÚmoOH$Vm åhUOo H$m`? nwñVH$s ì`m»`m§Zwgma {dMma Ho$bm, Va
-"CËnmXZ AWdm godoMr gmYZo AWdm KQ>H$m§Zm EH${ÌV AmUyZ Ë`m§Mo `mo1⁄2` ì`dñWmnZ
H$aUmam Vmo CÚmoOH$', qH$dm "{ZpíMV R>a{dboë`m {H$‘Vrg CËnmXZ KQ>H$ / godm {dH$V
KoD$Z Ë`mnmgyZ dñVy ~ZdyZ ^{dî`mV A{ZpíMV {H$‘Vrg {dH$Umam Vmo CÚmoOH$' qH$dm
"ñdV…gmR>r CnOr{dHo$Mo gmYZ {Z‘m©U H$aVm H$aVm BVam§gmR>rhr amoOJma g§Yr {Z‘m©U
H$aUmam Vmo CÚmoOH$' qH$dm "CÚmoJmV, ì`mnmamV, ì`dgm`mV ZmdrÝ`mMm Ü`mg KoVbobm
Am{U Ë`mgmR>r OmoIr‘ CMbUmam Vmo CÚmoOH$' qH$dm "àM§S> AmË‘{dídmg AgUmam,
’$m`Xm {‘i{dÊ`mgmR>r OmoIr‘ nËH$aÊ`mMr V`mar AgUmam, {gÕràoaUm AgUmam,
BVam§Mo ghH$m`© {‘i{dUmam, gm‘m{OH$ n[apñWVrMo ^mZ R>odUmam, Zd{Z{‘©VrMm Ü`mg
d j‘Vm Agbobm, O~m~Xmar ñdrH$maUmam d O~m~XmarZo dmJUmam, ApñWaVobm
ñdrH$maUmam Am{U ApñWaVoZo òUmao VmU-VUmd ghZ H$aÊ`mMr j‘Vm Agbobm Vmo
CÚmoOH$' ... Ago AZoH$ JwU{deof AmË‘gmV Ho$ë`mZ§Va gmYmaU ì`º$rMo CÚmoOH$mV
ê$nm§Va hmoVo Am{U Vr ì`º$s CÚ‘erb hmoVo. {VÀ`m‘m’©$V g‘mOmV amoOJma{Z{‘©Vr hmoVo.
CÚmoOH$ Zoh‘rM àJVrgmR>r AJ«oga AgVmV. CÚmoOH$m§À`m JwUd¡{eîQ>çm§Mm emoY
KoVbm Jobm ZìhVm Voìhm CÚmoOH$ hr g§H$ënZm OÝ‘ñW hmoVr. nU H$mbm§VamZo `m àoaUm,
àmoËgmhZ Am{U à{ejUmÛmao gm‘mÝÒZgwÕm CÚmoOH$ ~ZV AmhoV Am{U OÝ‘ñW
CÚmoOH$hr à{ejUmÛmao A{YH$ èñdr hmoVmZm {XgV AmhoV.
H$m` AmhoV CÚmoOH$mMo JwU{deof ?
1) H$m`©àoaUm … (Workaholism)
gVV H$m`©‘3⁄4 amhUo hm CÚmoOH$mMm ñd^mdJwU AgVmo. Ë`mÀ`m H$m`©àoaUoMm n[aUm‘
Ë`mÀ`mgmo~V amhUmè`m àËòH$mda hmoVmo. `m àoaUo‘wioM Ë`mÀ`m Hw$Qw>§~mVrb ì`º$s AgmoV
H$s ghH$mar, Vo gd© OU AmnmoAmnM Ë`mÀ`mH$S>o AmH${f©V hmoVmV, ‘mJ©Xe©Z KoVmV Am{U
ZoV¥Ëd ñdrH$maVmV. gVV H$m`©Xj amhUo, gVH©$ amhUo Am{U ñd`§ñ’y$Vu XmI{dUo hm
CÚmoOH$mMm ñd^md AgVmo.
2) {OÔr d¥Îmr … (Obesession)
{OÔ hm CÚmoOH$VoMm ‘ybmYma Amho. "‘r ho R>a{dbo Amho Am{U Vo H$aUmaM Amho' Ago
åhUUmam d Ë`mà‘mUo dmJUmam, {H$Vrhr AS>Wio Ambo Va Vo Xya H$aUmam, Ë`m§Mo {ZamH$aU
H$aUmam, {ZpíMV Ho$bobo Üò` gmÜ` H$aUmam, àíZm§Mr CH$b H$ê$Z ‘mJ© emoYUmam,
OmoI‘rVyZ òUmè`m VmUVUmdm§Mo ì`dñWmnZ H$aUmar ì`º$s {OÔr d¥ÎmrZo n[anyU© AgVo.
3) {ZU©`j‘Vm … (Decision maker)
Amboë`m àg§Jmg AZwgê$Z, ‘Zmda Vm~m R>odyZ `mo1⁄2` {ZU©` KoÊ`mMr Am{U

g‘mOmV hmoUmao ~Xb bjmV KoD$Z àg§Jr KoVbobo {ZU©` ~XbÊ`mMr j‘Vm hm èñdr
CÚmoOH$VoMm nm`m Amho. {ZU©` MwHy$ eH$Vmo nU KoVbobm MwH$sMm {ZU©`hr {ZU©`M
Z KoÊ`mnojm Mm§Jbm AgVmo, H$maU CÚmoOH$ Amnbo {ZU©` ñd`§ñ’y$VuZo KoV AgVmo.
àg§JnaËdo {ZU©` ~XbyZ Vmo g§^mì` ZwH$gmZ d Xwîn[aUm‘ Q>miy eH$Vmo.
4) g§YremoYH$Vm … (Opportunity seeker)
CÚmoOH$ g§YremoYZmda OmñV â XoVmo. "g‘mOmMr JaO' hm Ë`mÀ`m g§emoYZmMm
{ZË` {df` AgVmo. JaO AmoiIyZ Vr ^mJ{dÊ`mMr VËnaVm XmIdrV AgVmZmM Ë`mVyZ
’$m`Xm {‘i{dÊ`mMo Ë`mMo VËd AgVo. Ë`mgmR>r Ë`mbm Zd{Z{‘©VrMm Ü`mg AgVmo.
Zdr CËnmXZo, Zì`m godm, Zdo V§ÌkmZ, Zdr CËnmXZo d ì`mnmar H$m¡eëò `m§Mr {Z{‘©Vr
CÚmoOH$m§H$Sy>Z hmoVo. CÚmoOH$ Amnë`m CÚmoJmVyZ ñdV…Mm ’$m`Xm nmhmV Agbm Var
Ë`mVyZ AàË`jnUo g‘mOmMmhr ’$m`Xm hmoV AgVmo.
5) {gÕr àoaUm … (Achievement motivation)
H$mhrVar gmÜ` H$amdo, H$mhrVar H$ê$Z XmIdmdo, ñd`§amoOJmamMm Zdm ‘mJ© emoYyZ
XmIdmdm Ago Á`m ì`º$sbm gVV dmQ>V AgVo, Vmo Ë`mÀ`m Am`wî`mMm ñd^md ~ZVmo
d Am`wî`â Ë`mMr A§‘b~OmdUr H$aVmo, VmoM CÚmoOH$.
6) g§KQ>Z H$m¡eë` … (Organisational skills)
CËnmXZ, godm AWdm ì`mnmamgmR>r Amdí`H$ Agboë`m AZoH$ ‘mZdr AWdm
A‘mZdr KQ>H$m§Mr O‘dmO‘d, OS>UKS>U `mo1⁄2` d amñV {H$‘VrV H$ê$Z Vo CËnmXZ
AWdm godm {d{H«$`mo1⁄2` ~Z{dUo `mg CÚmoOH$mMo g§KQ>ZH$m¡eë` åhUVmV.
7) ‘mZdr d¥Îmr… (Attitude)
Zd{Z{‘©Vr, g¥OZerbVm, EImÚm àíZmMm qH$dm n[apñWVrMm gmYH$~mYH$ {dMma
H$ê$Z, {dnarV n[apñWVrV ~Xb KS>dyZ Ë`mMm ’$m`Xm H$gm {‘i{dVm òB©b ho
nmhÊ`mÀ`m ñd^mdmg CÚmoOH$d¥Îmr åhUVmV. {dnarV n[apñWVrg‘moa hV~b Z hmoVm Omo
g§H$Q>m§Mo ê$nm§Va g§YrV H$aVmo d Ë`mMm ’$m`Xm CMbVmo, Vmo CÚmoOH$ AgVmo. gm‘m{OH$
H¥$VkVm hm Ë`mMm ñWm`r^md AgVmo.
8) n[adV©ZerbVm … (Adaptability)
CÚmoOH$ AmOy~mOybm KS>Umè`m ~XbmMr XIb KoV AgVmo Am{U Ë`mZwgma Amnbo
YmoaU ~XbV AgVmo. H$mimZwê$n Ë`mMo dmJUo AgVo.
9) AmË‘à{V‘m … (Self Image)
ho gd© JwU àËòH$ èñdr CÚmoOH$mV AgVmVM Ago Zmhr, nU Ë`mVrb ~aoMgo

JwU Ë`mÀ`mV AmT>iVmV. CÚmoOH$mMr AmË‘à{V‘m Ë`mg nyU©V… ‘m{hVr AgVo.
Amnë`mOdirb JwU - AdJwUm§Mr Ë`mbm nyU© H$ënZm d ^mZ AgVo. Ë`mZwgma Ë`mMo
dV©Z AgVo. Zgbobo JwU JaOoZwgma Vmo g§K{Q>V H$aVmo nU Ë`mMo H$m‘ ASy>Z amhV Zmhr.
CÚmoOH$mH$S>o OodT>o JwU OmñV, VodT>m Vmo OmñV èñdr R>aVmo.
CÚmoOH$VoMo JwU ho ’$º$ CÚmoJ, ì`dgm` qH$dm ì`mnmamVM ì`º$rbm èñdr
H$aVmV Ago Zìho. Am`wî`mV H$moUË`mhr ‘mJm©darb èmMo Vo gmWrXma AgVmV. gm{hË`,
H$bm, H«$sS>m, ZmoH$ar qH$dm àmn§{MH$ O~m~Xmè`m `m àËòH$ AmKmS>rda ho JwU ì`º$sbm
èmÀ`m {eIamda nmohMdy eH$VmV.
H$mhr gm{hpË`H$ BVam§nojm A{YH$ èñdr H$m R>aVmV?
H$mhr ZoVo BVam§nojm A{YH$ èñdr H$m hmoVmV?
H$mhr OU Amnë`m àn§MmV A{YH$ èñdr H$m hmoVmV?
`mMr H$maUo emoYë`mg Ë`m§À`mVrb CÚmoOH$s` H$m¡eë`m§Mr OmUrd Amnë`mbmhr
hmoB©b. Ë`mM Ñï>rVyZ ho nwñVH$ dmMë`mg Ë`mMm ’$m`Xm Z¸$s hmoB©b.
- Hw$‘ma Xoenm§S>o

boIH$m{df`r...
XÎmm C‘mH$m§Vamd Omoer.
bmVya {OëømÀ`m CXJra VmbwŠ`mVrb XodUr òWo 1971
‘Üò Ë`m§Mm OÝ‘ Pmbm Am{U VoWoM {Oëhm n[afXoÀ`m emioV
‘mÜ`{‘H$ nmVirn`ªVMo embo` {ejU nyU© Ho$bo. Ë`mZ§VaMo
{ejU CXJraÀ`m bmb ~hmXya emór {dÚmb` Am{U CX`{Jar
‘hm{dÚmb`mV Pmbo. H${Zð> ‘hm{dÚmb`mVrb {ejU
BboŠQ´>m°{ZŠg emIoV KoVë`mZ§Va nÌH$m[aVoÀ`m AmdS>r‘wio
B§{O{ZA[a¨JEodOr Ë`m§Zr ~r. E. gmR>r àdoe KoVbm. ‘hm{dÚmb`rZ {ejU CX`{Jar ‘hm{dÚmb`mV
àmMm`© S>m°. Zm. `. S>moio `m§À`m ‘mJ©Xe©ZmImbr Pmbo. nÌH$m[aVoÀ`m {ejUmgmR>r S>m°. ~m~mgmho~
Am§~oS>H$a ‘amR>dmS>m {dÚmnrR>mÀ`m d¥ÎmnÌ{dÚm {d^mJmV àdoe KoVbm Am{U {deof JwUdÎmogh
{dÚmnrR>mV gd©{ÛVr` òV Ë`m§Zr "~°Mba Am°’$ OZm©{bP‘' nXdr {‘i{dbr. `WmdH$me "‘mñQ>a
Am°’$ ‘mg H$å`w{ZHo$eZ A±S> OZm©{bP‘' (E‘.E‘.gr.Oo.) ho nmoñQ> J«°Á`wEeZ àW‘ loUrV nyU©
Ho$bo.
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XÎmm Omoer / 9422 25 25 50 / dattjoshi@gmail.com

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emo^m, g{dVm, Amem, Cfm Am{U EH$ ‘wbJm - amOy. gÜ`m amOy ~madmbo "‘{hH$mo'Mo
ì`dñWmnZ nmhVmV Va Cfm g§emoYZ {d^mJmV bj KmbVmV. BWo Ë`m§À`m b3⁄4mVrb
bjUr` R>aboë`m EH$m `moJm`moJmMr XIb ¿`mdrer dmQ>Vo. b3⁄4mdoir Ë`m§Zr n{ÌH$m
Owi{dboë`m ZìhË`m. nwT>o H$Yr Var Owi{dë`m Voìhm bjmV Ambo H$s ~ÐrZmamÙOtMm
OÝ‘ JUoeMVwWuMm Va Jmo‘VrOtMm amIr nm¡{U©‘oMm. XmoKohr ‘m§J{bH$ hmoVo Am{U
n{ÌHo$Vrb 36 n¡H$s 36 JwU OwiV hmoVo !
ñdmV§Í` {‘imbo hmoVo. {ddmh Pmbm hmoVm. AmVm KamV - ì`dhmamV bj KmbU§
Amdí`H$ hmoV§. Ë`m§Mm ‘w»` ì`dgm` eoVr hmoVm. Ë`m H$mir ^maVmV gamgar à{VHw$Qw>§~
5 EH$a eoVrMo à‘mU am{hbo hmoVo. amÁ`mV Am{U XoemV h[aVH«$m§VrMo dmao dmhV hmoVo.
AÞYmÝ`mMm VwQ>dS>m ^ê$Z H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r gdmªZrM H§$~a H$gbr hmoVr. "AmÈAmaAm`'À`m
(B§{S>`Z A°J«rH$ëMab [agM© BpÝñQ>Q>çyQ>) ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ g§H$[aV {~`mÊ`m§da g§emoYZ gwê$
hmoVo. na§namJV eoVrEodOr g§H$arV {~`mÊ`m§da hiyhiy bj H|${ÐV hmoD$ bmJbo hmoVo.

~ÐrZmamÙOtÀ`m eoVrV qgMZmgmR>r {d{hatMr gmo` hmoVr. Ë`m§Zr bj KmbyZ {d{har
AmUIr Imob H$ê$Z KoVë`m. nmÊ`mMr gmo` Ho$br Am{U ^|S>rMo CËnmXZ KoÊ`mg gwadmV
Ho$br. `m CËnmXZmVyZM Ë`m§Zr ^|S>rMo {~`mUo V`ma H$ê$Z {dH$Ê`mg gwadmVhr Ho$br.
"nwgm ‘I‘br ^|S>r' ZmdmZo Vmo ~«±S> AmoiIbm OmB©. hm à{VgmX Mm§Jbm hmoVm. `mM
H$mimV {X„rV ^maV H¥$fH$ g‘mOmV’}$ EH$ eoVr àXe©Z â{dÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. Amnbo
‘oìhUo {JaYmarbmb `m§À`mgh Ë`m§Zr `m àXe©Zmbm ôQ> {Xbr. A‘o[aH$m Am{U a{e`mV
eoVr‘Üò Mmby Agboë`m à`moJm§Mr ‘m{hVr Ë`m§Zm òWo {‘imbr. `mM doir Ë`m§Zr
"AmÈAmaAm`'bm ôQ> XoÊ`mMo R>a{dbo. {VWo dZñn[Vemó {d^mJmV AZoH$ à`moJ gwê$
hmoVo. VoWo Ë`m§Zr ^|S>rÀ`m "nwgm ‘I‘br' `m OmVr{df`r Mm¡H$er Ho$br, Voìhm `m OmVrMo
CËnmXZM ~§X Pmë`mMo Ë`m§Zm H$ibo. Ë`mÀ`mda nS>Umè`m {ndù`m AirÀ`m {H$S>rMm
~§Xmo~ñV H$aUmar "nwgm gmdZr' hr Zdr OmV AmVm {dH${gV Pmë`mMo Ë`m§Zm H$ibo.
à`moJmXmIb Ë`m§Zm 50 J«°‘ {~`mUohr XoD$ H$aÊ`mV Ambo, nU Ë`m§Zr OmñV {~`mÊ`mMm
AmJ«h Yabm. AIoa 2 {H$bmo {~`mUo {‘idyZ Vo OmbÝ`mV naVbo.
‘w§S>dm òWrb eoVmV Ë`m§Zr EH$m N>moQ>çm ßbm°Q>da ho {~`mUo Z‘wÝ`mXmIb noê$Z
nm{hbo Am{U Ë`mbm ^|S>r bmJë`mZ§Va Vo W¸$ Pmbo. N>mZ {hadoJma ’$i. {~`mÊ`m§À`m
nmM Amoir Agbobr hr ^|S>rMr OmV Ë`m§Zm IynM AmdS>br. hr ^|S>r {eO{dë`mZ§Va
H$‘r {MH$Q> hmoVo hohr Ë`m§À`m bjmV Ambo. Ë`m ßbm°Q>‘Yrb ^|S>r n{hë`m {Xder Ë`m§Zr
VmoS>br. Vr 100 {H$bmo âbr. ~mOmamV Ë`m§Zm 2 énò à{V{H$bmo ^md {‘imbm. Xwgè`m
{Xder Vmo 1 én`mda Kgabm Am{U {Vgè`m {Xder Va ’$º$ 50 n¡go à{V{H$bmo XamZo
hr ^|S>r {dH$br Jobr. H$maU emoYë`mZ§Va Ago bjmV Ambo H$s ~mOmanoR>oV Ë`m {Xder
‘moR>çm à‘mUmda ^|S>rMr AmdH$ Pmbr hmoVr. Ë`m ^|S>rMm XOm© `m nojm {ZpíMVM H$‘r
hmoVm nU Ë`m‘wio ~mOmamVrb ^md ‘mÌ nS>bo hmoVo. ^|S>r ~mOmamV AmUÊ`mMm qH$~hþZm
{nH$dÊ`mMm Ë`m§Mm H$mbmdYr MwH$bm hmoVm. Ooìhm BVa eoVH$è`m§H$S>rb ^|S>r g§nbobr
Agob, Ë`m H$mimV hr ^|S>r ~mOmamV Ambr AgVr, Va Ë`mMm ’$m`Xm Z¸$s Pmbm
AgVm. Ë`m‘wio Ë`m§Zr eoVmV Cabobr ^|S>r VmoS>Ê`mMr KmB© Ho$br Zmhr. Vr ^|S>r Ë`m§Zr
amonQ>çmdaM n[an¹$ hmoD$ {Xbr. hr ^|S>r 9 B§M bm§~ dmT>br. eoVmVrb ho ’$i VmoSy>Z
Ë`m§Zr KamV AmUyZ R>odbo.
`mM Xaå`mZ Am¡a§Jm~mXoV ‘hmamï´> emgZmV’}$ EH$m àXe©ZmMo Am`moOZ H$aÊ`mV Ambo
hmoVo. VËH$mbrZ ‘w»`‘§Ìr èd§Vamd MìhmU `m àXe©ZmV òUma hmoVo. ~ÐrZmamÙOtH$S>o
Ë`m doir "~‘m© eob' `m H§$nZrMr EÝS´>rZ, ApëS´>Z, S>m`pëS´>Z AmXr H$sQ>H$ZmeHo$hr
{dH«$sbm AgV. `m CËnmXZm§Mm ñQ>m°b Ë`m§Zr àXe©ZmV bmdbm hmoVm. `m ñQ>m°bg‘moa
gOmdQ>rMm ^mJ åhUyZ Amnë`m eoVmVrb "nwgm ‘I‘br ^|S>r'Mr ’$im§gh nyU© dmT>bobr

XmoZ amonQ>r Ë`m§Zr ñQ>m°bÀ`m XmoÝhr ~mOybm bmdbr hmoVr. nwÊ`mVrb EH$m J¥hñWm§Mo bj
Ë`mH$S>o Jobo. `m OmVrMo {~`mUo nwa{dÊ`m{df`r Ë`m§Zr Mm¡H$er H$aVmM ~ÐrZmamÙOtZr
Ë`m§Zm VmVS>rZo hmoH$ma {Xbm. Xa gm§{JVbm gmS>onmM énò à{V{H$bmo. Ë`mda 20 Q>¸o$
gdbV ! OmbÝ`mV naVyZ Ë`m§Zr 25-30 {H$bmoMo nmoVo aoëdo nmg©bZo nwÊ`mV nmR>dyZ
{Xbo. {dVaH$ gmS>onmM én`m§Mm Xa H$‘r H$aÊ`mgmR>r AmJ«h H$arV hmoVo Ë`mM doir
Ë`m§À`mH$Sy>Z eoVH$è`m§Zm ho {~`mUo 20 Vo 100 énò à{V{H$bmo ^mdmZo {dH$bo OmV
Agë`mMr ‘m{hVr Ë`m§Zm {‘imbr Am{U Ë`m§Zr Amnbo ^md H$‘r H$aÊ`mÀ`m ‘mJUrH$S>o
Xwb©j Ho$bo.
`m {~`mÊ`mbm {‘iUmam à{VgmX nmhÿZ nwT>rb dfu Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m eoVmVrb `m
OmVrÀ`m ^|S>rÀ`m noaUrMo à‘mU 10 nQ>rZo dmT>{dbo. CÎmaoV VamB© ^mJmV AmUIr EH$
eoVH$ar boâQ>Z§Q> H$Z©b bmbqgJ `m§Zrhr `m OmVrMo {~`mUo V`ma H$ê$Z {dH$Ê`mg
gwadmV Ho$br hmoVr. Ë`m‘wio AZoH$OU ~ÐrZmamÙOter ^md H$‘r H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ
H$arV nU Vo H$YrM ~Ybo ZmhrV. Ë`m§Mo ^md H$m`‘ OmñVM am{hbo. `m Xaå`mZ {X„rV
CƒnXmda Agbobo d[að> gZXr A{YH$mar S>m°. d|H$Q>aËZ‘ Am¡a§Jm~mXoV òV Agë`mMr
‘m{hVr Ë`m§Zm H$ibr. Am¡a§Jm~mXoVrb Ë`m§Mo ñZohr ~°. Odmhabmb Jm§Yr `m§Zm {dZ§Vr
H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zr S>m°. d|H$Q>aËZ‘ `m§Zm OmbÝ`mV Amnë`m eoVmda ~mobmdbo. eoVr nmhÿZ Vo
Iwe Pmbo Am{U {X„rV naVë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr gaXma haÔZ qgJ `m§Zm ~mobmdyZ KoD$Z
`m {nH$mMr Am{U à`moJm§Mr ‘m{hVr {Xbr. Amnë`m ‘m{gH$mV Ë`m§Zr EH$ boIhr {b{hbm
- "gmdH$ma ~Zbm {~`mUo CËnmXH$'!
BWyZ nwT>o gwê$ Pmbr Ë`m§À`mVrb CÚmoOH$s` dmQ>Mmb. gmam Xoe `m dmQ>MmbrMm
gmjrXma ~Zbm. Vmo H$miM doJim hmoVm. AÞYmÝ`mMo CËnmXZ dmT>{dUo hr XoemMr JaO
~Zbobr hmoVr. Vo ñdV… eoVH$ar hmoVo. Ë`m‘wio CËnmXZdmT>rMr {ZH$S> Ë`m§Zm A{YH$M
OmUdV hmoVr. Amnë`m H$m¡eë`m§Mm Cn`moJ Amnë`m Xoembm Pmbm nm{hOo, hr Ë`m§À`m
‘ZmVrb ^mdZm ZdZì`m à`moJm§Zm OÝ‘ XoV Jobr. hm gmam àdmg {dñVmamZo {bhm`Mm,
Va doJio nwñVH$M hmoB©b. H$mhr à‘wI CXmhaUo ‘mÌ òWo Úm`bmM hdrV. g§H$arV
‘Š`mMo {~`mUo Ë`m§Zr ~mOmanoR>oV AmUbo Am{U CËnmXZmV OdiOdi XwßnQ> dmT>
Pmbr. `m pñWVrV eoVH$è`m§Mm ‘mb {dH$bm OmUohr ‘hËdmMo hmoVo. VaM Ë`m dmT>boë`m
CËnÞmMm ’$m`Xm Ë`mbm Pmbm AgVm Am{U Zì`m h§Jm‘mgmR>r Ë`mZo Zì`mZo {~`mUo IaoXr
Ho$bo AgVo. Ë`m H$mimV "qhXwñVmZ brìha' hr H§$nZr Amnë`m "newImÚ {d^mJm'Ûmao
newImÚmMr {Z{‘©Vr H$arV Ago. ~ÐrZmamÙOtZr Ë`m H§$nZrer ‘H$m IaoXrMm H$ama Ho$bm
Am{U eoVH$è`m§Mm ‘H$m {dH$V KoD$Z `m H§$nZrbm nwadbm. Ë`m§À`m `m H¥$VrVyZ eoVH$è`m§Zm
Amnbm ‘mb IaoXr Ho$bm OmVmo Am{U Ë`mbm ^mdhr Mm§Jbm {‘iVmo Agm ñnï> g§Xoe Jobm

Am{U gmh{OH$M {~`mUo {dH«$sV dmT> hmoÊ`mg gwadmV Pmbr. ~ÐrZmamÙOr åhUVmV,
"eoVH$ar ~mdiQ> ZgVmo. Vmo A{Ve` hþema AgVmo. Ë`mbm H$moUr ’$gdm`Mo R>adboM, Va
Vmo ’$ma Va EH$M doi ’$gy eH$Vmo. Ë`mbm Xwgè`m§Xm ’$gdUo AeŠ`. Ë`m‘wioo Mm§Jë`m
XOm©Mo {~`mUo Ë`mbm ~amo~a H$iVo.'
hiyhiy {~`mÊ`m§Mo CËnmXZ Am{U {nH$m§Mr g§»`m dmTy> bmJbr. XoeâmVrb {d{dY
Zm‘m§{H$V {dÚmnrR>m§Vrb g§emoYH$, ì`dñWmnZVÁk `m§Zm ~ÐrZmamÙOr hoê$ bmJbo
Am{U Ë`m§Zm OmbÝ`mV AmUÊ`mg gwadmV Pmbr. h[aV H«$m§VrMm n[aUm‘ åhUyZ XoemV
AÞYmÝ`mMo CËnmXZ dmT>bobo hmoVo. AmVm hm MT>Vm AmboI H$m`‘ R>odUo ho H$m‘ ‘hËdmMo
hmoVo. ~ÐrZmamÙOr åhUVmV, "CÎm‘ CËnmXZ Úm`Mo Va CÎm‘ XOm© amIbm Jobm nm{hOo.
`mgmR>r CÎm‘moÎm‘ VÁk g§emoYH$ H§$nZrV AmUUo ‘hËdmMo AgVoo. `m gmè`m Jmoï>tgmR>r
n¡gm bmJVmo. Am‘Mr EH$ YmaUm n¸$s hmoVr, H§$nZr Mm§Jbr Mmbm`Mr Agob Va Z’$mhr
Mm§JbmM Pmbm nm{hOo. g§emoYZ Am{U {dH$mgmgmR>r bmJUmam IM© ‘moR>m AgVmo. Ë`m‘wio
gwadmVrnmgyZM Am‘À`m {~`mÊ`m§Mm XOm© gdm}Îm‘ am{hbm Am{U Am‘À`m {~`mÊ`m§À`m
{H$‘Vr ~mOmanoR>onojm A{YH$M am{hë`m.' ^|S>rnmgyZ gwê$ Pmbobm hm àdmg ‘H$m, Ádmar,
~mOar, Jhÿ, H$mnyg, Vm§Xyi Aem ‘mJm©Zo gd© àH$maMr {nHo$ ì`mnyZ am{hbm. ~mOmanoR>oV
Ë`m§Zr AmKmS>r {‘i{dbr. Ë`m§À`m nmdbmda nmD$b R>odyZ OmbÝ`mVM AZoH$ {~`mUo
H§$nÝ`m OÝ‘mbm Amë`m. `m gdmªZm Vo ñnY©H$ Z ‘mZVm ghn{WH$ ‘mZVmV. gdmªer
Ë`m§Mo CÎm‘ g§~§Y AmhoV. JaOoà‘mUo Ë`m§Zr V§ÌkmZmÀ`m Ñï>rZo H$mhr naXoer H§$nÝ`m§er
ghH$m`© H$amahr Ho$bo nU Ë`m§Mm â am{hbm Vmo ñdV… g§emoYZ H$ê$Z {dH${gV Ho$boë`m
dmUm§daM.
`m gmè`m KQ>ZmH«$‘mV ~ÐrZmamÙOtMr d¡`{º$H$ nmVirda Pmbobr OS>UKS>U
Abm¡{H$H$ Amho! Aem àH$maÀ`m CÚmoJm§Vrb ho EH$ AmíM`©M ‘mZmdo bmJob. ñdmV§Í`nyd©
H$mimV ’$º$ ‘°{Q´>H$n`ªV {ejU Pmbobr EH$ ì`º$s Ë`mZ§VaÀ`m AY©eVH$mV EH$
gm‘«mÁ` Cô H$aVo hr ~m~ gdmªZmM AmíM`©M{H$V H$aUmar Amho. KamVrb nma§n[aH$
ì`mnmamMr nmíd©^y‘r gmoS>br Va Ë`m§À`m JmR>rer ~mH$s H$mhrhr ZìhVo. aPmH$mam§À`m
VmdS>rVyZ ‘amR>dmS>m ‘wº$ Ho$ë`mZ§Va Vem AWm©Zo Vo ì`dhmamÀ`m OJmV à{dï> Pmbo.
‘w»`Ëdo eoVr, Ë`mZ§Va àma§^rÀ`m H$mimV Ë`m§Zr {‘i{dbobr "Am°B©b'Mr EOÝgr Am{U
Ë`mZ§Va Ho$bobo eoVrVrb g§H$[aV {~`mÊ`m§Mo à`moJ hm H$mi Ë`m§À`mVrb CÚmoJH$mÀ`m
g§Kfm©Mm hmoVm. g§H$[aV {~`mÊ`m§Mr {Xem {‘imë`mZ§Va Ë`m§À`m `m g§Kfm©bm EH$ {ZpíMV
Aer {Xem {‘imbr. `m dmQ>MmbrV AZoH$ AS>Wio hmoVo. Ë`mVrb n{hbm AS>Wim hmoVm
B§J«OrMm. embo` nmVirdarb B§J«OrMo {ejU hm Am`wî`âmÀ`m ì`dhmamMm AmYma hmoD$
eH$V ZìhVm. nU BWo ~ÐrZmamÙOtÀ`m ‘XVrbm Ambm Vmo Ë`m§Mm B§J«Or dmMZmMm N>§X.

`m dmMZmVyZ Ë`m§À`m B§J«OrMr OS>UKS>U hmoV Jobr. Ë`m§À`m Am°B©b H§$nZrH$Sy>Z hmoUmam
nÌì`dhma hm gwÕm `m {ejUmMm EH$ AmYma hmoVm. hr nmíMmË` H§$nZr Amnë`m gd©
{S>pñQ´>ã`yQ>aer CÎm‘ B§J«OrVyZ nÌì`dhma H$arV Ago. ì`mdhm[aH$ B§J«OrMo Ë`m§Mo {ejU
`mVyZ Pmbo. B§J«Or g§dmXmÀ`m Ë`m§À`m à`ËZmMo gwadmVrbm hgo hmoV Ago, nU {OÔrZo
- ZoQ>mZo Ë`m§Zr Amnbo à`ËZ Mmby R>odbo Am{U B§J«OrV Vo Mm§JboM nma§JV Pmbo. XoemVM
H$m` nU naXoemVhr Ë`m§Zr Amnbo ì`dhma Am{U g§nH©$ ñd~imda àñWm{nV Ho$bo.
Vem AWm©Zo Ë`m§Mr nmíd©^y‘r Vm§{ÌH$ qH$dm g§emoYZmMr ZìhVr. Vo EH$ ì`mnmar.
g§emoYZmda AmYm[aV "‘{hH$mo'Mm ngmam C^m H$aUo ho Ë`m§Mo gdm©V ‘moR>o "H«o${S>Q>'. BWo
Ë`m§À`mVrb A§J^yV JwU Cn`moJmbm Ambo. Zm{dÝ`mMm Ü`mg, àJVrMr Amg, eoVH$è`m§Mr
JaO, ^m¡Jmo{bH$ n[apñWVrMr OmUrd, ~mOmanoR>oVrb CnbãY n`m©` `m gmè`m§Mr OmUrd
Ë`m§À`mV Iyn Mm§Jë`m àH$mao hmoVr. ZwgVoM "‘mH}$qQ>J pñH$b' Cn`moJmMo ZgVo, Va
Ë`mM ~amo~a Amnë`m "Q>mJ}Q> H$ñQ>‘a'Mr Zo‘H$s JaOhr R>mdyH$ AgUo Amdí`H$ AgVo
Am{U Ë`mVyZ CÎm‘ JwUdÎmoMo CËnmXZ ~mOmanoR>oV AmUUo {VVHo$M JaOoMo AgVo. `m
~bñWmZm§À`m AmYmamda Ë`m§Zr Amnbr {Xem R>a{dbr Am{U Ë`mda ‘mJ©H«$‘U Ho$bo.
CÎm‘moÎm‘ JwUd§V g§emoYH$ - VÁk Ë`m§Zr OmbÝ`mV AmUbo. Vem AWm©Zo gmam Xoe Ë`m§Mr
H$‘©^y‘r Amho nU Ë`mMo H|$Ð OmbÝ`mVM hdo hm Ë`m§Mm Ü`mg hmoVm. Vmo Ë`m§Zr àË`jmV
AmUbm.
EH$ CÚmoOH$ åhUyZ Vo èñdr R>aboM, nU Ë`mÀ`m OmoS>rZo Ano{jV Agboë`m
gm‘m{OH$ OmUrdm§Zmhr Ë`m§À`m Am`wî`mV ‘hËdmMo ñWmZ Amho. ~ÐrZmamÙOtZr Amnbr
gm‘m{OH$ O~m~Xmar nma nmS>Ê`mgmR>r AJXr àma§^rnmgyZM OrdmMo amZ Ho$bo. gm‘m{OH$
H$m`© ho OUy Amnë`m KaMoM H$m`© Amho, Aem àH$mao Vo dmJbo. "OoB©Eg' H$m°boOMr C^maUr
gwê$ hmoVr Ë`m H$mimV gdmªZmM {d{dY g‘ñ`m§er Pw§Omdo bmJbo. Ë`m doir amï´>r` qhXr
{dÚmb`mÀ`m XmoZ Imoë`m§‘Üò H$m°boOMo dJ© âV. ñdV§Ì B‘maVrMo ~m§YH$m‘ H$go~go
gwê$ Pmbo nU pßb¨W boìhbbm òD$Z Wm§~bo. hm H$mi hmoVm gmYmaU 1962-63 Mm.
BWo g‘ñ`m Ambr hmoVr Imoë`m§da KmbÊ`mÀ`m A°ñ~oñQ>m°gÀ`m nÍ`m§Mr. MrZer `wÕm‘wio
hm gmam nwadR>m AË`mdí`H$ H$maUm§gmR>r `wÕ^y‘rH$S>o diVm Pmbobm hmoVm. ~mOmanoR>oV
A{Ve` H$‘r ‘mb òV Ago. ho ~m§YH$m‘ aIS>bo. `m H$m°boOÀ`m ~m§YH$m‘ g{‘VrMr
O~m~Xmar ~ÐrZmamÙOtda hmoVr. goR> ~Ýgrbmb `m§Zr ~m§YH$m‘mgmR>r {ZYr CnbãY
H$ê$Z {Xbm hmoVm. nÍ`m§gmR>rhr WmoS>m {ZYr CnbãY hmoVm nU EH$X‘ n¡gm C^m H$aUo
AdKS> hmoVo Am{U ~mOmanoR>oV nÍ`m§Mr MUMU hmoVr. Aem pñWVrV Am¡a§Jm~mXMo lr.
ZmJ^yfU OmbÝ`mV Ambo. Ë`m§Zr emioÀ`m ~m§YH$m‘mMr nmhUr Ho$br Am{U AS>boë`m
H$m‘m~Ôb Mm¡H$er Ho$br. nÍ`m§A^mdr H$m‘ Wm§~ë`mMo H$iVmM Ë`m§Zr Xwgè`mM {Xder

gH$mir nÍ`mMo XmoZ Q´>H$ OmbÝ`mV nmR>dyZ {Xbo. dmñV{dH$ `m gd© ‘mbmMo n¡go EH$X‘
ÚmdoV Aer H$m°boOMr pñWVr ZìhVr. Varhr, amoIrVrb ì`dgm` gmoSy>Z lr. ZmJ^yfU
`m§Zr H$m°boObm nÌo nwa{dbo. nÍ`m§Imbr AmYmamgmR>r bmJUmao bmoI§S> goR> éñV‘Or
OmbZmdmbm `m§Zr CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbo Am{U AmR> {Xdgm§V gmè`m g‘ñ`m g§nyZ H$m‘mbm
doJmZo gwadmV Pmbr. OmbÝ`mVrb qhX dopëS>§J dŠg©Mo bVr’$^mB© `m§Zr ~m§YH$m‘mÀ`m
{R>H$mUr Amboë`m ñQ>rbbm AmH$ma XoD$Z Vo nÌo Q>mH$Ê`mgmR>r `mo1⁄2` Aem nÕVrZo
Imoë`m§da {’$Q> H$ê$Z {Xbo Am{U {deof åhUOo `m H$m‘mMm Ë`m§Zr EH$hr n¡gm KoVbm
Zmhr. nÌo MT>{dÊ`mÀ`m H$m‘mV gd© {dÚmÏ`mªZr ‘XV Ho$br Am{U EH$m {XdgmVM gmao nÌo
Imoë`m§da MT>bo. EH$hr nÌm ’w$Q>bm Zmhr! {OÔrZo bT>Umam EH$ hmV Agob, Va BVa hmV
AmnmoAmnM EH$Ì òVmV Am{U dO«‘yR> V`ma hmoVo `mMoM ho àË`§Va hmoVo.
lr JUnVr ZoÌmb` hm Ë`m§À`m gm‘m{OH$ ~m§{YbH$sMm AmJim Am{dîH$ma hmoVm.
{deofV… J«m‘rU ^mJmV OZVoMo ñdV…À`m Amamo1⁄2`mH$S>o hmoUmao Xwb©j Vo AZw^drV hmoVo.
Ë`mM doir J«m‘rU ^mJmVrb Agw{dYmhr Ë`m§Zm R>mD$H$ hmoË`m. Ë`m§Zr ñdV…M `mMm
AZw^d KoVbm. 1987 ‘Üò Ë`m§Zm ‘moVrq~Xy Pmbm. boga eó{H«$òÛmao hr eó{H«$`m
H$aVm òB©b Aer XmoZM hm°pñnQ>ëg Voìhm ^maVmV hmoVr. {X„r Am{U MoÞB©V. ñdV…À`m
eó{H«$òZ§Va ho H$m‘ EdT>o gmono AgVo ho Ë`m§Zr AZw^dbo. Ë`mVyZM Ë`m§Zm àoaUm
{‘imbr Am{U gmYmaU XrS> dfmªÀ`m àË`j H$m‘mZ§Va 31 {S>g|~a 1992 amoOr AË`§V
AÚ`mdV Aem lr JUnVr ZoÌmb`mMm ew^ma§^hr Pmbm. ho ‘amR>dmS>çmVrb n{hbo
AÚ`mdV ZoÌ gdmo©nMma é1⁄2Umb`. `mgmR>r amÁ` emgZmZo gmS>ogmV EH$a OmJm Zm‘‘mÌ
‘yë`mV CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbr. 1 bmI 70 hOma Mm¡ag ’y$Q> OmJoda AmO ho hm°pñnQ>b
S>m¡bmV Cô Amho.
~ÐrZmamÙ ~madmbo ‘hm{dÚmb` ho gm‘m{OH$ joÌmVrb Ë`m§Mo AmUIr EH$ `moJXmZ.
nÙ{d^yfU JmoqdX^mB© lm°’$ `m§À`mnmgyZ àoaUm KoD$Z ‘{hH$mo [agM© ’$mC§S>oeZZo 1993
‘Üò ~ÐrZmamÙ ~madmbo ‘hm{dÚmb` gwê$ Ho$bo. g‘mOmbm XO}Xma {ejU CnbãY
H$ê$Z XoVm Ambo nm{hOo `m àoaUoVyZ ho ‘hm{dÚmb` Cô am{hbo. ~m`moQ>oŠZm°bm°Or, ‘m`H«$mo
~m`mobm°Or, H$m°åß`wQ>a gm`Ýg ho {df` òWo {eH${dbo OmVmV.
JmoëS>Z Á`w{~br ñHy$b ho Ë`m§À`m gm‘m{OH$ ~m§{YbH$sMo AmUIr EH$ à‘mU. OmbZm
ehamÀ`m hÔrVM gw‘mao 35 EH$am§À`m àeñV n[agamV {dÚmÏ`mªZm gdmªJrU d gd©ñneu
{ejU XoUmè`m `m g§ñWoMr O~m~Xmar Ë`m§À`m H$Ý`m Cfm. ~r. Phoa `m§Zr ñdrH$mabobr
Amho. B§J«Or ‘mÜ`‘mÀ`m `m emioV {ejUm~amo~a Z¡{VH$Vm, emar[aH$ Am{U ‘mZ{gH$
{dH$gZ `mH$S>o {deofËdmZo bj nwa{dbo OmVo. g§dmXH$m¡eë`m§À`m {dH$mgm~amo~aM ñdV§Ì
d VH©$ewÕ {dMmaj‘ {dÚmWu KS>{dÊ`mda òWo â {Xbm OmVmo. "gr~rEgB©' nÕVrMo

{ejU XoUmar hr emim OmbÝ`mÀ`m e¡j{UH$ joÌmV Amnbo AmJio ApñVËd {Q>H$dyZ
Amho. IoiJQ>mnmgyZ ~mamdrn`ªV {ejU XoUmè`m `m g§Hw$bmVyZ n[anyU© {dÚmWu ~mhoa
nS>mdoV, Aer `m ‘mJMr g§H$ënZm Amho.
lr. ~madmbo `m§À`m `m dmQ>MmbrH$S>o nmhVmZm, Ë`m§À`mer Jßnm ‘maVmZm AmnU
AZoH$ doim W¸$ hmoVmo. H$m¡VwH$mZo ‘Z ^ê$Z `oVo. Ë`m§Mm {dMma Am{U Ñï>rH$moZ g‘OyZ
KoD$Z AmnU ^mamdyZ OmVmo. AmOÀ`m VéU {nT>rH$S>o nmhVmZm Vo A{Ve` AmemdmXr
dmQ>VmV. EHo$H$mir Q>o{b’$moZdê$Z g§nH©$ gmYm`Mm Va VmgZ² Vmg dmQ> nmhmdr bmJm`Mr
Am{U naXoemVrb nÌì`dhmamV Va ‘{hZo Om`Mo. AmVm ~XbË`m g§nH©$ì`dñWoV Ambobm
doJ Ë`m§Zm Iyn ‘hËdmMm dmQ>Vmo. AmnU gmVË`mZo nwT>oM OmV AmhmoV Ago Vo åhUVmV.
AZoH$m§H$Sy>Z bmJUam {ZameoMm gya Ë`m§Zm ‘mÝ` Zmhr. Zdr {nT>r Zì`m ì`dñWoer OwidyZ
KoVo Amho, Ago Vo åhUVmV. XoemMr JaO ~XbVo Vgo AmnUhr ~Xbm`bm hdo, Ago
gm§JVmZm Vo åhUVmV - h[aV H«$m§VrVyZ ‘moR>m n„m JmR>bm Jobm, AmVm eoVH$ar ñdV…bm
~XbVmo Amho, n`m©`r {nH$m§H$S>o diVmo Amho, hoM àJVrMo ÚmoVH$ Amho, Ago Ë`m§Zm
dmQ>Vo.
...............
lr. ~ÐrZmam`U ~madmbo, ‘{hH$mo, XmdbdmS>r, OmbZm
lll

gZ 1998 Mr Jmoï>. ‘w§~B©Vë`m
"‘moVrbmb AmoñVdmb' `m ñQ>m°H$
‘mH}$Q>À`m ì`dhmamVrb Zm‘m§{H$V
’$‘©‘Üò OmbÝ`mVrb EH$ VéU Amnë`m
ì`dgm`mgmR>r OmbÝ`mV EH$ Q>{‘©Zb
‘mJV hmoVm. VéU gw{e{jV hmoVm. grE
Pmbobm hmoVm, nU nmoagmdXm {XgV hmoVm.
d`mÀ`m ‘mZmZ§ Ë`mM§ ~mobU§ OmñVrM
AmË‘{dídmgnyU© hmoV§. H§$nZrMm ‘mÌ Ë`mda
{dídmg ~gV ZìhVm. Ë`m VéUmÀ`m Vmo§S>r
eoAa ‘mH}$Q>~amo~aM "H$‘mo{S>Q>r ‘mH}$Q>' `m
g§^mì` ì`dgm`mMmhr C„oI òV hmoVm.
hr ñdßZo Va IynM AdmñVd dmQ>V hmoVr.
AIoa `m VéUmbm Q>{‘©Zb ZmH$maÊ`mV
Amb§. VoWyZ hm VéU Jobm "EgEgHo$Am`'
(AmOMr "eoaImZ') `m H§$nZrV. VéU^mB©
emh {VWbo grB©Amo hmoVo. {VWohr eoAa
‘mH}$Q>~amo~aM g§^mì` H$‘mo{S>Q>r ‘mH}$Q>Mm ‘wÔm `m VéUmZo bmdyZ Yabm. ‘m`r `m§Zm
`m VéUmV EH$ ñnmH©$ {Xgbm Agmdm. gmè`m Jßnm CS>dyZ Z
bmdVm, gmdY{JarÀ`m Mma gyMZm H$arV Ë`m§Zr `m
VéUmbm OmbÝ`mVrb g~-~«moH$a{en {Xbr
Am{U OmbÝ`mV "Am[XZmW ñQ>m°H$
~«moqH$J'Mm ew^ma§^ Pmbm. OmbÝ`mV
AmS>V - {H$amUm ì`dgm`mMr
na§namJV nmíd©^y‘r Agboë`m
éUdmb Hw$Qw>§~mVrb naoe `m§Zr ho
AmJiodoJio nmD$b CMbbo hmoVo. Vo
èñdr hmoUma H$s Zmhr, ho H$miM
gm§JUma Agbm, Var VmodaMr
1 OmbZm
ñQ>m°H$ EŠñM|O !
naoe Zo‘rM§XOr éUdmb
‘w§~B© hr ^maVmMr Am{W©H$
amOYmZr Amho. ^maVmMr Am{W©H$
gyÌo `m ‘hmZJarVyZ hbVmV. eoAa
~mOma, dm`Xo ~mOma òWyZM
g§Mm{bV hmoVmV. ‘w§~B©ImbmoImb
nyU©nUo ñdV§Ì H$ma^ma H$aUmar
"~«moH$a{en' H$moR>o Amho? `mMo CÎma
Amho - OmbZm. OmbÝ`mVrb naoe
Zo‘rM§XOr éUdmb `m§Zr Amnë`m
n[admamÀ`m na§namJV CÚmoJmnojm
doJir dmQ> MmoImiV EH$ Zdo
ñdßZ nm{hbo. Ë`mVyZ OmbÝ`mV
Ajae… "ñQ>m°H$ ‘mH}$Q>' Cô
am{hbo. Ë`m§À`m {OÔrMr hr H$Wm...

Ë`m§Mr ì`dgm`mVrb nmdbo ^¸$‘nUoM nS>bobr hmoVr. O~aXñV AmË‘{dídmg Am{U
^{dî`mMm doY KoUmar nmaIr ZOa `m§Mm g§J‘ Agboë`m naoe éUdmb `m§Zr Amnë`m
Am`wî`mVrb Zdm AÜ`m` {b{hÊ`mg gwadmV Ho$br.
OmbÝ`mVrb à{WVè "hpñV‘b em§{Vbmb A±S> H§$nZr'Mo lr. Zo‘rM§XOr éUdmb ho
naoe `m§Mo dS>rb. Zo‘rM§XOr `m§Zrhr Amnë`m {H$amUm ‘mbmÀ`m ì`dgm`m~amo~aM Am°B©b
{‘bMm ì`dgm`hr èñdrnUo gm§^mibm hmoVm. naoe `m§Mm OÝ‘ Amnë`m AmOmoiMm
- d¡OmnyaMm. 27 Zmoìh|~a 1973 ‘Üò OÝ‘boë`m naoe `m§Zr OmbÝ`mÀ`mM OoB©Eg
H$m°boO‘YyZ H$m°‘g© {df` KoV 12 drMr narjm {Xbr. AH$mC§Q²>g‘Üò Ë`m§Zm 99 Q>¸o$
JwU hmoVo. `m {df`mV ~moS>m©V Vo gd©àW‘ Ambo. nwT>§ H$m` H$am`M§, ho Ë`m§Zr Ë`mM doir
n¸o$ R>a{dbo hmoVo. OmbÝ`mV Ë`m doir ‘Yy ^¸$S> ho grE Iyn à{gÕ hmoVo. Amnë`m
‘wbmZ§ Ë`m§À`mgmaI§ ~Zmd§, hr naoe `m§À`m AmBªMr - gË`dVr `m§Mr - BÀN>m hmoVr. hr
BÀN>mM naoe `m§À`mgmR>r àoaUm ~Zbr.
{ZH$mb bmJë`mZ§Va nwÊ`mÀ`m "~rE‘grgr' `m H$m°boOmV OmD$Z nwT>Mo {ejU
¿`m`Mo, Ago Ë`m§Zr R>adyZ R>odbo hmoVo. Amnbm {‘Ì [aVoe gH$boMm `m§À`mgh Vo nwÊ`mbm
{ZKmbo. "~rE‘grgr'Mm nÎmm {dMmaV nwT>o OmV AgVmZm dmQ>oV "qg~m`mo{gg'Mm H±$ng
bmJbm. hm H±$ng Ë`m§Zm Iyn AmdS>bm. BWoM nwT>Mo {ejU ¿`m`Mo, Ago R>adyZ ho XmoKo
H$m°boOmV Jobo. {VWo àdoemgmR>r ^br ‘moR>r am§J. Ë`mVhr àdoe {‘iob H$s Zmhr, ho Z§Va
H$iUma... Ë`m§Zr WoQ> àmMm`mªÀ`m Ho${~ZH$S>o ‘moMm© didbm. lr‘Vr drUm `mXd Ë`m
doir àmMm`m© hmoË`m. Ë`m§Zr ‘mH©${bñQ> nm{hbr, 99 Q>ŠŠ`m§Mm {dÚmWu {XgVmM {deof
~m~ åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr naoe `m§Mm àdoe {ZpíMVhr H$ê$Z Q>mH$bm. {VWbr à{H«$`m AmQ>monyZ
XmoKo {haH$M§X Zo‘rM§X {XJ§~a O¡Z dg[VJ¥hmV Ambo. {VWo aoŠQ>anXr lr. gwa|Ð Jm§Yr hmoVo.
hm ‘mUyg AJXr H$S>H$. àË`j S>màoŠQ>aÀ`m ^mÀ`mbm Ë`m§Zr ~o{eñVr~Ôb apñQ>Ho$Q>
Ho$bobo hmoVo. Ë`m§Zr 4-5 MH$am ‘mam`bm bmdV naoe `m§Zm nmaIyZ KoVbo Am{U Ë`m§Mr
nwÊ`mVrb {ejUmMr à{H«$`m gwê$ Pmbr.
grE H$aÊ`mMo Va R>abobo hmoVo. nU ~r.H$m°‘. Z§Va 5 df} Kmb{dÊ`mMr Ë`m§Mr BÀN>m
ZìhVr. `moJm`moJmZo 1993 nmgyZ {Z`‘ ~Xbbm hmoVm Am{U ~r. H$m°‘. H$aVmZmM
’$mC§S>oeZ H$aÊ`mMr nadmZJr {‘imbr hmoVr. Ë`m‘wio Ë`mM doir Ë`m§Zr grE ’$mD§$S>oeZbm
àdoe KoVbm. EH$mM doir ~r. H$m°‘. Am{U ’$mC§S>oeZMm Aä`mg gwê$ Pmbm. Aem
àH$maMr Ë`m§Mr hr n{hbrM ~°M. Ë`m§Zr Pmdao gam§Mm Šbmg bmdbm. ho gahr A{Ve`
H$S>H$ Am{U H$mQ>oH$moa. {df`mV JmoS>r hmoVrM, nU ‘amR>dmS>çmVyZ nwÊ`mV Joë`m‘wio
ñd^mdmV ~wOaonUm hmoVm. Aä`mgmVyZ AmË‘{dídmg òD$ bmJbm Am{U Vo "~°H$~|Ma'Mo
"’«§$Q> aZa' ~Zbo. 1993 Vo 1998 `m H$mimV ~r. H$m°‘., E‘. H$m°‘. Am{U grE

Aem nXì`m {‘idVmZm Ë`m§Zr Á`m nÕVrZo Aä`mgmMo {Z`moOZ Ho$bo, Ë`mbm VmoS>
Zmhr. hmoñQ>obda {‘Ìm§Mm AS>Wim òVmo åhUyZ AZoH$ bQ>nQ>r IQ>nQ>r H$ê$Z WoQ> nwUo
{dÚmnrR>mVrb J«§Wmb`mV ~gÊ`mMr nadmZJr Ë`m§Zr {‘idbr Am{U {VWo 18- 18
Vmgm§Mm Aä`mg gwê$ Ho$bm. Ë`m§Mr hr YS>nS> nmhÿZ aoŠQ>a Jm§Yr gam§Zrhr Ë`m§À`mgmR>r
{Z`‘ {eWrb Ho$bo Am{U BVam§Zm doioMo ~§YZ KmVbobo AgVmZm naoe `m§Zm ‘mÌ "ñnoeb
nmg' Bí`y Ho$bm.
grE Pmë`mZ§Va 1998 ‘Üò Vo OmbÝ`mV naVbo. nU Ë`mM doir EH$m Zì`mM
ì`dgm`mMm {H$S>m Ë`m§À`m S>moŠ`mV didiV hmoVm. OmbÝ`mV Oo Zmhr, Vo gwê$ H$aÊ`mMo
Ë`m§Zr R>adbo. {ZU©` KoVbm Vmo H$ba b°~ gwê$ H$aÊ`mMm. KamVyZ àM§S> {damoY Pmbm.
"grE' H$ê$Z ’$moQ>moÀ`m qàQ> {dH$Uma H$m, Ago àíZ {dMmabo Jobo. nU Amnë`m {ZU©`mda
Vo R>m‘ am{hbo. qgJmnyahÿZ 17 bmImV EH$ goH§$S>h±S> ‘erZ AmUb§ Am{U "’$moQ>mo’$mB©Z
H$ba b°~'bm ew^ma§^ Pmbm. `mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm ‘XV Pmbr d¡Omnya òWrb Ë`m§À`m AmOmo~m§Mr.
AmnU XoV Agbobo n¡go naV òVrb H$s Zmhr, `mMr H$gbrhr ImVaO‘m Z H$aVm Ë`m§Zr
ho n¡go {Xbo Am{U ì`dgm` èñdr Pmbm. H$moUmMrhr ‘XV {‘iUo ‘hËdmMo AgVoM,
nU Hw$Qw>§~mVyZ {‘iUmar ‘XV A{YH$ ‘hËdmMr R>aVo, Ago naoe åhUVmV. H$m‘mMm ^ma
BVH$m hmoVm, H$s ‘erZ 24 Vmg Mmby amhr. ’$º$ ‘mUgm§À`m {eâQ> ~XbV. hm à{VgmX
nmhV Ë`m§Zr OwZm OmbZm ^mJmV AmUIr EH$ b°~ CKS>br. Ë`mnmR>monmR> ~èhmUnya òWo
^mdmÀ`m gmgwadmS>rVhr EH$ b°~ gwê$ Ho$br. hm ì`dgm` pñWamdV AgVmZmM àma§^r
C„oI Ho$bobm {H$ñgm KS>bm Am{U Ë`m§À`m H$[aAabm doJio diU {‘imbo.
eoAa ~mOma, eoAa ‘mH}$Q>, Ë`mVrb ì`dhma `m ~m~VMm Ë`m§Mm Mm§Jbm Aä`mg
hmoVm. "eoaImZ'Mr g~-~«moH$a{en {‘i{dë`mZ§Va OmbÝ`mV Ë`m§Zr H$m‘mbm gwadmV
Ho$br. gmYmaU VrZ Vo gmS>oVrZ df} "eoaImZ'Mr g~-~«moH$a{en Mmb{dë`mZ§Va
"eoaImZ'À`m gmo~V naoe `m§Mm ì`dgm` dmTy> bmJbm. Ë`m§Zr Zdm n`m©` emoYbm
Vmo "~moZmÝPm nmoQ>©’$mo{bAmo {b.'À`m ê$nmZo. 2001 Am{U 2002 ‘Üò EZEgB©Mr
g~-~«moH$a{en XoÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§À`mH$S>o "eoAaImZ'Zo 5 bmIm§Mr ‘mJUr Ho$br. nU hr
a¸$‘ Iyn OmñV Agë`m‘wio Ë`m§Zr "~moZmÝPm'‘m’©$V "~rEgB©' Am[U "EZEgB©'Mr g~-
~«moH$a{en {‘i{dbr. 2003-04 ‘Üò "H$‘mo{S>Q>r ‘mH}$Q>'Mo H$m‘H$mO gwê$ Pmbo. ho Va
Ë`m§Mo ñdßZ hmoVo. Ë`mM ^mdZoVyZ `m ‘mH}$Q>‘Yrb n{hbr CbmT>mb Ë`m§Zr ñdV… Ho$br.
"EZEgB©'Mo H$‘mo{S>Q>r EŠñM|OMo g{Q>©{’$Ho$Q> Ë`m§Zr 24 gßQ>|~a 2003 amoOr {‘i{dbo.
{deof åhUOo, `m{df`rMm Ë`m§Mm Aä`mg EdT>m JmT>m hmoVm, H$s `m ì`dhmamMo {Z`‘
~ZdVmZm Ë`m§Zm "EZEgB©'‘Üò nmMmaU H$aÊ`mV Ambo.
g~-~«moH$a{en‘YyZ ~mhoa nSy>Z hiyhiy Ë`m§Zr EH$ EH$ H$aV {d{dY g§ñWm§Mr

~«moH$a{en {‘i{dÊ`mg gwadmV Ho$br. "~rEgB©', "EZEgB©', "E‘grEŠg', "EZgrS>rEŠg',
"E‘grEŠg-EgEŠg', "grS>rEgEb', "`yEgB©' `m gd© g§ñWm§Mo AmO Vo ~«moH$a AmhoV.
"Am[XZmW' hr "{H«${gb aoqQ>J ~«moqH$J' gj‘ H§$nZrhr Amho. ‘w§~B©~mhoa EH$mM N>VmImbr
EdT>çm g§ñWm§Mr ~«moH$a{en AgUmar amÁ`mVrb ~hþYm hr n{hbr Am{U EH$‘od g§ñWm
Agmdr. XmoZ H$m°åß`wQ>ada gwê$ Pmboë`m Ë`m§À`m H$m‘mMm {dñVma AmO gwg‚m gìh©agh
Jw§VdUyH$Xmam§À`m godogmR>r CnbãY Amho.
`m ì`dgm`mVrb ~maH$mdo Am{U CbmT>mbrMr J{UVo g‘OyZ ¿`mdr, Va WoQ> naoe
`m§À`mer g§dmX gmYUo `mo1⁄2`. nU AË`§V ~oâdemÀ`m joÌmVrb EH$ CÎm‘ {~PZog
{dH${gV H$aUmè`m naoe `m§Mo ì`mdhm[aH$ AZw^d ‘mÌ AmdOy©Z bjmV R>odÊ`mOmoJo
AmhoV. eoAa Am{U dm`Xo ~mOmamV ‘mJÀ`m Xhm dfmªV AZoH$ bmQ>m òD$Z Joë`m, Ë`mMm
H$mhrEH$ n[aUm‘ "Am[XZmW'da Pmbm Zmhr. Ë`mMo ‘hËdmMo H$maU R>abo naoe `m§Zr
Ho$bobr "[añH$ {àìh|[Q>ìh ‘°ZoO‘|Q>'.
`m ì`dgm`mV AZoH$ OU Ambo Am{U ~wS>mbo, Ë`m§À`m~Ôb ~mobVmZm Vo åhUVmV
- "Vo Ambo, Vo MwH$bo, Vo ~wS>mbo.' J«mhH$m§Zm godm XoVmZm Ë`m§Zr H$mhr {Z`‘ ~Zdbobo
AmhoV. Amnbr "{b{‘Q>' Vo H$Yrhr Amobm§S>V ZmhrV. `m ì`dhmam§da "go~r'Mo {Z`§ÌU
AgVo. Ë`m§À`m ì`dhmamV {XdgmÀ`m Ama§^r EH$m goH§$XmMmhr Cera MmbV Zmhr.
ImË`mV n¡gm Zgob, Va "go~r' gmao H$mhr VmVS>rZo Oá H$aVo Am{U ~«moH$abm {XdmiImoa
Omhra H$aVo. hr doi Ë`m§Zr ñdV…da H$Yrhr òD$ {Xbr Zmhr. AJXr Amnë`m KamVrb
ì`º$sbmhr òWo Jw§VdUyH$ AWdm ì`dhma H$am`Mo AgVrb, Va VodT>m n¡gm g‘moa R>odmdm
bmJVmo. CYmardarb dm`Xo òWo MmbV ZmhrV. EH$ OwZm AZw^d Vo gm§JVmV. ^mOnm
gaH$ma OmD$Z H|$ÐmV H$m±J«og gaH$ma Ambo, Ë`m {Xder eoAa ~mOma AMmZH$ Iyn ‘moR>çm
à‘mUmV H$mogibm. Ë`m {Xder XoemV AZoH$m§À`m {b{‘Q> ãbm°H$ Pmë`m. "Am[XZmW'Mm
ì`dhma ‘mÌ gwê$ hmoVm Am{U H$‘r XamVrb eoAa IaoXrgmR>rMr am§J ‘moR>çm à‘mUmda
dmT>br hmoVr. bmoH$ amoI n¡go KoD$Z am§JoV Cô hmoVo ! Ë`m {Xder naoe `m§À`mH$Sy>Zhr H$mhr
MwH$m Pmë`m, nU Ë`m ’$ma J§^ra ZìhË`m. nU Ë`mVyZ Vo Iyn H$mhr {eH$bo. AmO Ë`m§À`m
H$m`m©b`mVyZ 110 Q>{‘©Zëg H$m`©aV AmhoV. àËòH$mMo ì`dhma EH$m gìh©aZo OmoS>bobo
AmhoV. `m ì`dhmam§da Ë`m§Mo ~maH$mB©Zo bj AgVo. gH$mir 9 Vo amÌr 12 Agm hm
"ñQ´>og’w$b' {~PZog Amho.
`m ì`dgm`mVrb AmUIr EH$ ~maH$mdm Ë`m§Zr {Q>nbm. hm "ñQ>´>og’w$b' {~PZog
Agë`m‘wio òWo H$m‘ H$aUmè`m H$‘©Mmè`m§Zm nwaoer Cg§V Vo {‘idyZ XoVmV. Ë`m§À`mda
H$moUVrhr Q>mJ}Q> bmXbr OmV ZmhrV. Ë`m‘wio ho H$‘©Mmar Amnë`m Šbm`§Q>Zm nwZ…nwÝhm
’$moZ H$ê$Z Jw§VdUwH$sg ^mJ nmS>V ZmhrV. Amnë`m ~«moH$aoOgmR>r Šbm`§Q>bm MwH$sMm

g„m XoUo qH$dm ‘wÔm‘hÿZ {e’$mag H$aU§ naoe `m§Zm ‘mÝ` Zmhr. ñdV…À`m ‘OuZo
Šbm`§Q>Zr Jw§VdUyH$ H$amdr, Ago Vo åhUVmV. Ë`m‘wio Vo ñdV…hr gwa{jV amhÿ eH$VmV,
hm Ë`mVrb Xwgam ‘hËdmMm ^mJ.
Amnë`m ì`dgm`mVrb èmMo gdm©{YH$ lo` Vo Ë`m§Mo AmOmmo~m, AmB© - dS>rb `m§Zm
XoVmV. `m gdmª‘wioM Ë`m§À`m Am`wî`mV Am{U ì`dhmamV {eñV Ambr. Ë`m{edm` Ë`m§Zr
XyaÑîQ>rZo AmUboë`m gm°âQ>doAabmhr èmMo ‘moR>o lo` Úmdo bmJVo. 70 bmI énò
{H$‘VrMo ho gm°âQ>doAa A{Ve` H$m`©j‘ Amho. EH$mMdoir AZoH$ AmKmS>çm§da ì`dhma
Am{U A§‘b~OmdUr H$aUmè`m `m gm°âQ>doAaMm dmna Iyn H$‘r H§$nÝ`m§V hmoVmo. Amnë`m
J«mhH$m§Mr n`m©`mZo Amnbr ñdV…Mr H$miOr KoÊ`mgmR>r ho gm°âQ>doAa A{Ve` Cn`wº$
Amho, Ago Vo gm§JVmV. `m gm°âQ>doAaMr "EE‘gr' Amho gmV bmI énò! Amnë`mH$S>rb
gd© 3000 J«mhH$m§Mm "Ho$dm`gr' Ë`m§À`mH$S>o OnyZ R>odbobm Amho. hr g§»`m 5 hOmam§da
Joë`mZ§Va Ë`mMo {S>{OQ>bmÒoeZ H$aÊ`mMm Ë`m§Mm ‘mZg Amho. ho "Ho$dm`gr' ~±Ho$à‘mUo
2 - 4 nmZm§Mo ZgVmV. gw‘mao 40 Vo 50 nmZm§Mo ho ~mS> A{Ve` ‘hËdmMo AgVo. `mV
H$mhr JS>~S> Pmë`mg Ë`mbm ~«moH$a O~m~Xma Yabm OmVmo.
Am{XZmW ñQ>m°H$ ~«moH$g© àm. {b., Am{XZmW H$‘mo{S>Q>rO, ’$moQ>mo’$mB©Z H$ba b°~ `m§Mo
èñdr g§MmbZ H$arV AgVmZmM Ë`m§Zr ZwH$VrM "^y‘r H$m°Q>Z àm. {b.' `m {OqZJMr
ñWmnZm Jw§S>odmS>r òWo Ho$br Amho. Zì`m ImOJr {OqZJZm nadmZJr XoÊ`mMo YmoaU V`ma
hmoVmM, H$mimMr nmdbo AmoiIUmè`m naoe `m§Zr hr {OqZJ gwê$ Ho$br. Ë`mbm {‘iUmam
à{VgmXhr CÎm‘ Amho. `mM {OqZJ‘YyZ ~mhoa nS>Umè`m gaH$snmgyZ Vob V`ma H$aUmar

"éUdmb CÚmoJ' hr Am°B©b {‘b Ë`m§Zr bJoMM E‘Am`S>rgrV C^mabr.
H$mimMr nmdbo AmoiIV, `mo1⁄2` doir `mo1⁄2` n`m©` {ZdS>Umam hm Oo‘Vo‘ 38 dfmªMm
`wdH$ AmO gmYmaU 8000 H$moQ>tMr dm{f©H$ CbmT>mb H$aVmo Amho. "OmbZm - gmoZo H$m
nmbZm' hr OwZr, na§namJV åhU, Amnë`m ^{dî`doYr ZOaoZo AMyH$ {ZU©` Am{U MmoI
A§‘b~OmdUrÛmao èñdr H$arV gmW© H$arV Amho. ^{dî`mV OmbZm "E‘Am`S>rgr'V
àeñV ßbm°Q>da gd© gw{dYm§Zr gwg‚m H$m`m©b`mV Amnbm g§nyU© ì`dhma hb{dÊ`mMo
Ë`m§Zr R>a{dbo Amho. ho C{Ôï> AmJm‘r df©âmV nyU© H$aÊ`mMm Ë`m§Mm ‘mZg Amho. [añH$
‘°ZoO‘|Q> H$aVmZm Am{U ì`dhmamV AmKmS>r JmR>VmZm Ë`m§Mo EH$ gyÌ Amho - It is not the
strongest species that survive, nor the most intellegent, but the one most
responsive to change.
H$mimMm nmàd EoHy$Z ñdV…bm Ë`mgmR>r AZwHy$b H$aÊ`mMr hmVmoQ>r bm^boë`m `m
VéUmMm EH$ {ZYm©a ‘mÌ H$m`‘ Amho - hm ì`dhma àM§S> à‘mUmV dmT>dm`Mm, nU
hoS>¹$mQ>©a ‘mÌ OmbZmM amhUma...!
...............
lr. naoe éUdmb, AmXrZmW ñQ>m°H$~«moqH$J àm. {b.,
éUdmb H$m°åßboŠg, Zdm ‘m|T>m, OmbZm.
lll

""OmbZm {OëømVrb gm‘mÝ`mVë`m
gm‘mÝ` ‘mUgmMrhr Amamo1⁄2`mMr àËòH$
JaO OmbÝ`mV nyU© Pmbr nm{hOo.
~è`mMem ì`mYtdarb CnMmam§Mr gw{dYm
OmbÝ`mV AmUÊ`mV Amåhmbm è Ambo
Amho. àg§Jr Am{W©H$ AñW¡`© ghZ H$ê$Z
Amåhr ho AÚ`mdV V§ÌkmZ OmbZm
ehamV CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbo. AmVm EH$
ñdßZ nmhVmo Amho... Ia§ Va ho ‘mÂ`m
AmB©M§ ñdßZ Amho... ‘w§~B©À`m Q>mQ>m
H°$Ýga hm°pñnQ>bÀ`m YVuda OmbÝ`mV
EH$ H°$Ýga hm°pñnQ>b C^§ H$am`M§ Amho.
nmhÿ `m na‘oída Ho$ìhm eº$s XoVmo Vo...''
S>m°. g§O` amI ~mobV hmoVo. Q>mD$Z hm°b
n[agamVrb XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>bMo Zmd AmO
gdmªÀ`mM ‘wIr Amho. `m hm°pñnQ>bÀ`m
g§MmbZmVrb hr Xwgar {nT>r. S>m°. g§O`
`m§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImbr XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>bZo Ho$bobr àJVr ñn¥hUr` Amho.
Vgo nm{hbo, Va ‘hmZXrMmgwÕm CJ‘ A{Ve` N>moQ>m AgVmo...
S>m°. amI Hw$Qw>§~r`m§À`m d¡ÚH$s` godoMm CJ‘hr
AgmM N>moQ>mgm hmoVm. 8 {S>g|~a
1963 hm Vmo {Xdg. OmbZm
ehamVrb ‘wWm {~pëS>¨J‘Üò
S>m°. e§H$aamd amI `m§Mm
XdmImZm gwê$ Pmbm.
1964 À`m ‘mM© ‘{hÝ`mV
bú‘r {~pëS>¨J‘Üò
S>m°. amI `m§Mo "OZab
hm°pñnQ>b' gwê$ Pmbo. `m
S>m°. g§O` e§H$aamd amI ho
OmbÝ`mÀ`m d¡ÚH$s` joÌmVrb
EH$ C‘X§ ì`{º$‘Îd. OmbÝ`mV
AÚ`mdV d CÎm‘moÎm‘ d¡ÚH$s`
gw{dYm CnbãY H$ê$Z XoV
AgVmZmM Ë`m§Zr Amnë`mVrb
gm‘m{OH$ ^mZ hady {Xbo
Zmhr. Vo AZoH$ ñdßZo nmhVmV.
Ë`m ñdßZm§À`m nyV©VogmR>r H$ï>
CngVmV. ho ñdßZ d¡ÚH$s`
joÌmVrb Agmo H$s gm‘m{OH$
joÌmVrb... Ë`m§À`mg‘moa AgVmo
Vmo g‘mOmÀ`m gd©gmYmaU
dJm©Vrb gm‘mÝ` ‘mUygM...!
2 H°$Ýga hm°pñnQ>bM§
^ì` ñdßZ
S>m°. g§O` amI

B‘maVrV Mma df} é1⁄2Ugodm Ho$ë`mZ§Va gÜ`mÀ`m Q>mD$Z hm°b ^mJmV 1968 ‘Üò gd©
gw{dYm§Zr `wº$ Aem àeñV é1⁄2Umb`mg gwadmV Pmbr. Am°naoeZ {WEQ>a, àgy[VJ¥h,
EŠg-ao gw{dYm Am{U d¡ÚH$s` VnmgUrgmR>r AË`mYw{ZH$ à`moJemim Aem gw{dYm òWo
CnbãY H$ê$Z XoÊ`mV Amë`m.
S>m°. e§H$aamd amI `m§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImbr hr dmQ>Mmb gwê$ AgVmZmM H$m¡Qw>§{~H$
AmKmS>rdaMr àJVrhr gwê$ hmoVr. 16 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1965 amoOr g§O` `m§Mm OÝ‘ Pmbm.
Xwgarn`ªV OmbÝ`mVrb gañdVr {eew{dhma, {Vgar Vo nmMdrMo {ejU Zm{eH$À`m
EH$m ~mo{S>ªJ ñHy$b‘Üò, ghmdr Vo XhmdrMo {ejU ‘w§~B©À`m S>m°. A±Q>mo{Z`mo {S>{gëìhm
hm`ñH$yb‘Üò nyU© H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zr 11drbm OmbÝ`mÀ`m OoB©Eg H$m°boO‘Üò àdoe KoVbm.
E‘~r~rEg Am{U E‘EgMr nXdr Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m emgH$s` d¡ÚH$s` ‘hm{dÚmb`mVyZ
1988 d 1991 ‘Üò {‘i{dë`mZ§Va nwT>À`m {ejUmgmR>r Am{U H$[aAagmR>r Ë`m§Zr
‘w§~B© ‘hmZJarMr dmQ> Yabr. {VWë`m ‘mÝ`da hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò Ë`m§Mr {ZdS>hr Pmbr, nU
Ë`m§M§ ‘Z {VW§ a‘b§ Zmhr. AmnU g‘mOmM§ XoU§ bmJVmo, hr ‘ZmVbr ^mdZm Ë`m§Zm ñdñW
~gy XoV ZìhVr. AIoarg ‘ZmMm {ZYm©a H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zr OmbÝ`mV naVÊ`mM§ R>adb§. nËZr
gm¡. AZwamYm amI `mhr ~mbamoJ VÁk. Ë`m§Zrhr S>m°. g§O` `m§Zm gmW {Xbr Am{U 1993
ho df© Zdg§OrdZr KoD$Z Ambo. S>m°. g§O` Am{U S>m°. AZwamYm amI `m§Zr g{O©H$b {d^mJ
Am{U ~mbé1⁄2U {d^mJ gwê$ Ho$bo. 1995 ‘Üò g{O©H$b {d^mJmbm AmH$ma Ambm.
1996 ‘Üò XmoZ A{VXjVm {d^mJ gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Ambo, VgoM gmoZmoJ«m’$sMr gw{dYm
CnbãY H$aÊ`mV Ambr. é1⁄2Umb`mÀ`m n[agamV gwê$ Ho$boë`m AÚ`mdV ‘o{S>H$b
ñQ>moAa‘wio é1⁄2Um§Zm 24 Vmg `mo1⁄2` XamV Am{U {dídgZr` Am¡fYr {‘iÊ`mMr CÎm‘
gmo` Pmbr. AmO{‘Vrbm XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò é1⁄2Um§À`m godogmR>r 9 {d^mJ CnbãY
AmhoV. óramoJ Am{U àg[Vemó {d^mJ, OZab gO©ar, ~mbamoJ, H$mZ - ZmH$ - Kgm,
ao{S>Am°bm°Or, ‘o{S>grZ, ApñWì`§J {d^mJ, ~{YarH$aU {d^mJ, n°Wm°bm°Or {d^mJ.
‘w§~B© gmoSy>Z OmbÝ`mV naVVmZmM S>m°. g§O` `m§Zr OmbZm eha Am{U n[agamVrb
gdm©V gwg‚m, n[anyU© Am[U AË`mYw{ZH$ hm°pñnQ>bMo ñdßZ nm{hbo hmoVo. Q>ßß`mQ>ßß`mZo
Vo àË`jmV CVaVhr hmoVo. nU Zì`m B‘maVrÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ A{Ve` à^mdr nÕVrZo Vo
gdmªg‘moa AdVabo 2006 ‘Üò.
""hm°pñnQ>b åhUOo Ho$di S>m°ŠQ>a Am{U noe§Q> `m§À`m MM}Mr Am{U VnmgUrMr
OmJm Zìho. hm°pñnQ>b ho Amamo1⁄2`‘§{Xa AgVo. `m ‘§{XamV àdoe H$aVmM {Zå‘m AmOma
Xya niyZ Jobm nm{hOo. XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò àdoe H$aVmM hmoUmao ào‘i - AJËèrb
ñdmJV Amnë`m ‘ZmV {dídmg {Z‘m©U H$arb. àËòH$ ‘Oë`mdarb àeñV Am{U ^ì`
doqQ>J hm°b Am`wî`mH$S>o nmhÊ`mMr Amnbr Ñï>r AmUIr CXmÎm H$arb. S>m°ŠQ>am§er MMm©

H$aVmZmM AmnU ~ao hmoV Agë`mMr AZw^yVr òWo AmnU {ZpíMVnUo ¿`mb. gd©Ì
~g{dbobo H°$‘oao gwa{jVVoÀ`m Ñï>rZo Amnbr H$miOr KoVrb. hm°pñnQ>bMo gd© ì`dhma
Am{U {~qbJ g§JUH$sH¥$V ì`dñWoÛmao {Z`§{ÌV H$aÊ`mV òV Agë`mZo é1⁄2Umdarb
CnMmam§{df`r H$gë`mhr e§H$m ~miJÊ`mMr JaO CaUma Zmhr...'' S>m°. g§O` amI Amnbo
àË`jmV CVabobo ñdßZ Amnë`mg‘moa ‘m§S>V AgVmV.
Amnë`m `m godm§Mm Ë`m§Zm gmW© A{^‘mZ Amho. VÁk S>m°ŠQ>am§Mr 24 Vmg CnbãYVm,
AnKmV {d^mJ, ‘|Xydarb eó{H«$ògmR>rMm Ý`yamogO©ar {d^mJ `m hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò gd©
AË`mYw{ZH$ gw{dYm§gh CnbãY Amho. ao{S>Am°bm°Or {d^mJmV CnbãY H$ê$Z XoÊ`mV
òV Agboë`m "{hVmMr E[ag‘|Q> AmonZ E‘AmaAm`', "ñnmàb gr. Q>r. ñH°$Z', "H$ba
S>m°nba Q>oñQ>', "{S>{OQ>b EŠg-ao' `m gw{dYm§‘wio CnMmanÕVr A{YH$ gwb^ Am{U
V§ÌewÕ Pmbr Amho. `mVrb "AmonZ E‘AmaAm`' Va ’$º$ XmoZ hOma én`m§V CnbãY
H$ê$Z XoÊ`mV Ambm Amho. `m‘wio AZoH$ OUm§Zm, Ë`mVhr Am{W©H$ Xw~©b Hw$Qw>§~m§Zm `mMr
‘mobmMr ‘XV Pmbr Amho. gdm©V H$‘r aH$‘oÀ`m `m gw{dYo‘wio "XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b'À`m
{eanoMmV ‘mZmMm Vwam Imodbm Amho. `m hm°pñnQ>b‘Yrb ‘o[S>grZ {d^mJ Qy>-S>r BH$mo,
H$ba S>m°nba, ñQ´>og Q>oñQ> AmXr gw{dYm§Zr gwg‚m Amho. àgyVr {d^mJmV XmoZ àgyVr
H$j, Ë`mbm OmoSy>ZM Agbobo eó{H«$`mJma Am{U eoOmarM S>m°nba Am{U gmoZmoJ«m’$s
`m gw{dYm EH$Ì AgUo åhUOo CÎm‘ CnMmam§Mr ImÌr. A°pŠgS>|Q>, ’«°$ŠMa, ‘UŠ`m§Mo
d hmS>m§§Mo {dH$ma, g§[YdmV BË`mXr ApñWamoJm§da CnMmamgmR>r XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò gd©
AË`mYw{ZH$ gw{dYm§Zr `wº$ ApñWamoJ {M{H$Ëgm {d^mJ gwê$ Amho. 19 ~oS>Mm gwg‚m
Am`gr`y {d^mJhr OmbÝ`mV gdm©V àW‘ AmUÊ`mMm ‘mZ `m hm°pñnQ>bZo {‘idbm.
~«m±H$moñH$monr, H°$Ýga eó{H«$`m `m§Mr gw{dYmhr OmbÝ`mV àW‘M XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò
CnbãY Pmbr, Va BÝ’${Q>©©{bQ>r pŠb{ZH$ Am{U ‘wVIS>çm§gmR>r `wam°bm°Or {d^mJmMr
gw{dYmhr XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò CnbãY Amho.
OmbZm ehamV AË`mYw{ZH$ d¡ÚH$s` gw{dYm§Zr gwg‚m Agboë`m hm°pñnQ>bÀ`m
{Z{‘©VrMm Ü`mg KoVboë`m S>m°. g§O` amI `m§Zr ZwH$VrM "H$m{S>©`mH$ H°$W b°~' C^r
Ho$br Amho. öXàmoJtZm OrdZ g§OrdZr XoÊ`mMm hm AmUIr EH$ à`ËZ. `m H°$Wb°~‘Üò
"H$moamoZar A±{OAmoJ«m’$s d A±{OAmoßbmñQ>r' Ho$br OmVo. öX`{dH$ma åhQ>bo H$s gm‘mÝ`
‘mUyghr A{Ve` Km~aVmo. `mo1⁄2` ‘mJ©Xe©ZmA^mdr OrdKoUr AmnÎmr H$mogiÊ`mMr
eŠ`Vm AgVo. nU òWo Amë`mZ§Va Ë`mbm `mo1⁄2` CnMma {‘iÊ`mMm ‘mJ© Iwbm hmoVmo.
XrnH$ hm°pñnQ>bMo gdm©V ‘hËdmMo d¡{eîQ>ç åhUOo ZdOmV A^©H$m§gmR>rMm AVrd
XjVm H$j! ZdOmV ~mim§Zm gd© d¡ÚH$s` gw{dYm VmVS>rZo, AMyH$nUo d CÎm‘ [aVrZo
XoÊ`mÀ`m Ñï>rZo C^mabobm hm H$j, Amdí`H$ Agboë`m gd© gmo`rgw{dYm Am{U

AË`mYw{ZH$ `§ÌUm§Zr n[anyU© Amho. AmR> ao{S>`§Q> dm°‘©a, ’$moQ>moWoanr Am{U ‘m°{ZQ>[a¨J
{gpñQ>‘ `m gw{dYm Va òWo CnbãY AmhoVM, ‘mÌ Eaìhr Á`m gw{dYogmR>r OmbZm gmoSy>Z
‘m>oR>çm ehamV Omdo bmJV hmoVo, Vr Ý`ynmoQ>© Ý`wAmoZoQ>b ìh|Q>rboQ>a hr gw{dYm AmVm XrnH$
hm°pñnQ>b‘Üòo CnbãY Amho. {deof åhUOo ñVZnmZmgmR>r ‘mVm§Mr hmoV Agbobr J¡agmo`
Q>miÊ`mgmR>r òWo Img "‘Xa ’$s{S>§J ê$‘'hr C^maÊ`mV Ambr Amho. òWo gd© ‘mVm
Amnë`m ~mim§Zm {dZmg§H$moM XyY nmOy eH$Vrb. hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò gwg‚m ~mbé1⁄2U {d^mJ
CnbãY Amho. òWo gd© Amdí`H$ d¡ÚH$s` gw{dYm Va CnbãY AmhoVM, nU àËòH$
{R>H$mUr AmnU AZw^dV Agbobr EH$ J¡agmo` òWo hmoUma Zmhr.
hm°pñnQ>bÀ`m {Vgè`m ‘Oë`mda AË`mYw{ZH$ Am°naoeZ {WEQ>g© C^maÊ`mV Ambr
AmhoV. Ë`mbm OmoSy>Z Agbobr eó{H«$`mnyd© H$j Am{U eó{H«$òZ§VaMm H$j `m gw{dYm
OmbÝ`mV àW‘M AZw^dÊ`mg {‘iUma AmhoV. AË`mYw{ZH$ {ZOªVwH$rH$aU `§ÌUm,
g|Q´>b Egr, q^Vtda AË`mYw{ZH$ Bnm°Šgr H$moqQ>J, AË`mYw{ZH$ Am°naoeZ {WEQ>a bmB©Q²>g²
Am{U gdm©V ‘hËdmMr Agbobr OZaoQ>aMr gw{dYm, `m‘wio CËH¥$ï> CnMmam§Mr h‘r XrnH$
hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò {‘iVo. `m~amo~aM S>m°. amI `m§Zr AmVm AÚ`mdV d gd© gw{dYm§Zr
`wº$ "Am`gr`y é1⁄2Udm{hH$m' CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbr Amho. A{Ve` J§^ra é1⁄2Umbm nwT>rb
CnMmam§gmR>r Xwgè`m ehamV hb{dÊ`mMr doi òVo Voìhm `m é1⁄2Udm{hHo$Mm ’$m`Xm hmoVmo.
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