PostgreSQL9.3 Switchover/Switchback
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This presentation is about feature included in PostgreSQL 9.3 for switchover and switchback
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PostgreSQL9.3 Switchover/Switchback
- 1. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 1 Streaming Replication Switchover/Switchback Vibhor Kumar Principal System Engineer.
- 2. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 2 • PostgreSQL Streaming Replication • Limitations in PG Version < 9.3 • Understanding Timelines • New in PostgreSQL >=9.3 • Possible switchover/switchback • Things to know about switchover/switchback • recovery.conf Agenda
- 3. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 3 PostgreSQL Streaming Replication (SR) • Streaming Replication (SR) provides capability to continuously ship and apply WAL/XLOG records to any number of standbys. • Introduced in PostgreSQL 9.0 • Currently two types supported: − Synchronous SR − Asynchronous SR
- 4. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 4 History: Streaming Replication • 9.0: Asynchronous SR • 9.1: − Synchronous SR − pg_basebackup • 9.2: − Cascaded Replication − Backup from Standby − New Sync replication mode. (remote_write, local write) • 9.3 − Streaming only replication. − Follow timeline changes.
- 5. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 5 Limitations before 9.3 • Timeline streaming issue • Intentional shutdown on master can leave Standby behind the master before 9.1. • If Standby is behind master: − Promote lead to new timeline. − Difference in Master and Standby. − Old Master can’t be standby of new master. − Need to take fresh backup or manual copy timeline file to old master. • Painful to take fresh backup if database size is large.
- 6. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 6 Understanding Timelines • Introduced with Point-in-Time-Recovery in version 8.0 • Every time you do PITR, a new timeline is formed • Timelines helps to differentiate WAL generated from different PITR. • When new WAL generated after PITR, PostgreSQL shouldn’t overwrite old WAL.
- 7. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 7 More about Timelines
- 8. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 8 More about Timelines
- 9. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 9 Timeline history file
- 10. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 10 New in 9.3 SR • Important Patches: − commit 985bd7d49726c9f178558491d31a570d47340459 − Author: Fujii Masao − Committed on Wed Jun 26 02:14:37 2013 +0900 − Make sures when we shutdown the master, walsender should tries to send all outstandng WAL records to Standby, and then to exit. − Back patched till 9.1 − commit abfd192b1b5ba5216ac4b1f31dcd553106304b19 − Author: Heikki Linnakangas − Committed on Thu Dec 13 19:00:00 2012 +0200 − Allow a streaming replication standby to follow a timeline switch. (Only in 9.3)
- 11. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 11 9.3: Now switchover/Switchback is possible • Difference between Switchover and Failover. (add points) • New commit in PostgreSQL helps: − Clean shutdown for maintenance operation of master server − Old master server can be new standby for New Master. − No more fresh backup in intentional promotion.
- 12. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 12 Things to know: switchover/switchback • Use –m fast or –m smart shutdown on Master for clean shutdown. • Before promoting standby: − Make sure all WAL sent by Master applied on elected node for New Master. − Use following function for when to promote: − pg_last_xlog_receive_location − pg_last_xlog_replay_location − Have proper archive location accessible to old Master. − Set proper archive_command
- 13. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 13 recovery.conf recovery_target_timeline = 'latest' standby_mode = 'on’ primary_conninfo = 'user=repuser password=repuser host=172.17.0.3 port=5432 restore_command = ‘cp /location/%f %p’
- 14. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 14 EFM: Promote Steps • When promote happens, EFM does following: − Send prepare information to Master, Witness and Slave − Agent on Master get promote signal and does following: − Release VIP if any. − create dummy recovery.conf, so that next startup master shouldn’t come up. − Message about Master failed. − Standby signaled to be promoted by trigger. • Explore EFM for possible switchover/switchback
- 15. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 15 Demo
- 16. © 2013 EnterpriseDB Corporation - All rights reserved. 16 Thanks