SharePoint 210 Jumpstart: Go Green Paperless Office

SharePoint 210 Jumpstart
[Go Green Paperless Office]
Draft: 9/28/2011

VISHAL GUPTA SHAREPOINT 2010 JUMPSTART

Go Green Paperless Office | Vishal Gupta
[MCTS, MCP, MCSD, MCSE, MCSE +I, CNA, NCIM, NCIBS, BPP, MCA, MASE]-vguptadelhi@gmail.com
LinkedIn: http://in.linkedin.com/in/vishalguptasharepoint twitter/vguptadelhi
1
Vishal Gupta [MCTS, MCP, MCSD, MCSE, MCSE +I, CNA, NCIM, NCIBS, BPP, MCA, MASE] vguptadelhi@gmail.com
LinkedIn: http://in.linkedin.com/in/vishalguptasharepoint twitter.com/vguptadelhi


Agenda

Introduction
Architecture Concepts[Physical, Logical]
Architecture Concept Topology [Physical, Logical]
Server & Web Service
Web Server IIS[Elements, Modules, Authentication]
IIS Request Processing
SharePoint Architecture
SharePoint IIS Interaction
SharePoint Structure[Physical, Logical, SQL]
Key points

3


Software Architecture

Software Application is a set of instruction
written to enable the users to perform
single or multiple related tasks.

Software Application Architecture is the
process of defining a structured solution
that meets all the technical and operational
requirements enabling key attributes
performance, security, maintainability,
reliability, and manageability.

Software application architecture is
classified as:
Physical Architecture
Logical Architecture

4


Architecture Concepts[Physical, Logical]

Software
Architecture

Physical

Physical Architecture identifies the major
components and entities within specific
physical servers and locations or specific
Logical architecture defines the tasks
performed, to support the user services. It
enables the processes that perform functions
Logical
software services, objects or solutions. It also and the information or data flow that`s
includes details such as operating system, shared among these processes. It does not
version numbers, and even patches that are include physical server name or address, any
relevant. It also lists any foreseen physical business services, application, name, details
constraints, limitations within server and other relevant information for
components, dataflow, or connection. development purpose.

5


Architecture Concepts Topology[Physical, Logical]

Topology

Physical

Physical Topology

lays the connection among the computers
Logical Topology

describes the way of data transmission
Logical
and peripherals. It also displays the cable laid among the network nodes. It consists of
to connect the computers and peripherals. In virtual connections between the nodes of a
other words the way the network looks. network independent of their physical layout.

6


Server & Web Service

Web Application Database Server &
Server Frontend Server Web service

Web server hosts An application A database server is Server is simply hardware or
the websites over server is a server a computer program software created to provide
services to other users in terms of
the World Wide program in a that provides functionality user wish to achieve.
computer/network database services to
Web (WWW) that provides the other computer
using the business logic for an programs or
protocols like application program. computers.
hypertext Web service is the standardized
way of communicating and
transfer protocol integrating web based
(HTTP), hypertext applications over an internet
protocol backbone using various
transfer secure protocols like XML, SOAP, WSDL
protocol (HTTPS) and UDDI open standards.

etc.

7


Web Server IIS

IIS: Internet IIS Elements
information Worker Worker process runs the web application in IIS and is responsible to manage all the request and response that are
coming from client system. When a request comes to the server from a client, worker process is responsible to
Process
Server is the (w3wp.exe) generate the request and response. Hence, Worker process is the heart of any web application, which runs on IIS.

Web server Ports: Port represents a communication channel or endpoint. A port number is part of the addressing information used to
identify the senders and receivers of messages.
created by Application Application pools separate applications by process boundaries to prevent an application from affecting another
application on the server. IIS 7, application pools continue to use IIS 6.0 worker process isolation mode. Application
Microsoft. To Pool:
pool is the container of worker process. Application Pool separate sets of IIS worker processes that share the same
host any configuration. Application pool enables us to isolate our web application for better security, reliability, and
availability. IIS 7.0 supports maximum number of 2000 application pools.
website over Web In simple terms, it is a website created in IIS. In terms of SharePoint, it contains at least one or more site collection.
application: For creating a web application in SharePoint, content database must be specified.
the internet, Virtual path A Virtual path provider provides a means to supply contents from location other than the location where the
intranet or provider: content is actually stored (physical file system). Any web base project has two types of web pages:
Common Pages : Common to all the sites within that SharePoint server
extranet, the Customized : Created for specific site only
Virtual directories: Virtual directory (sometimes referred to as path) is used for mapping the virtual path to a
Versioning
site must be physical path (or actual path) of content. It is not an actual folder on the hard disk. The three reasons for using
virtual directory are:
first created Shorter: Virtual path is usually shorter than the path of the physical directory
Security: It is also useful for security purpose because users do not know where files are physically located on the
on IIS. The server and cannot use that information to modify your files.
latest version Ghosted/U
Day to day use: it is more convenient for users to type.
Ghosted Pages in SharePoint: Ghosted page in SharePoint website refers to a file, which exists on server’s file
available of nghosted system. These reference files are common for all the sites within that SharePoint server, i.e. if you modify a
reference file then the changes will reflect in all the sites within that SharePoint server automatically. For example,
Microsoft IIS Pages the default master page of SharePoint is a ghosted page.
Unghosted Pages in SharePoint: All the pages in a SharePoint website, that are stored in the content database, are
is 7.0. referred as unghosted pages. All the unghosted pages are specific to particular SharePoint website only, i.e.
changes done in an unghosted page will not reflect in other websites.
8


IIS Modules

IIS Modules
HTTP HTTP module perform tasks specific to HTTP in the
request-processing pipeline, such as responding to
module
information and inquiries sent in client headers,
returning HTTP errors, and redirecting requests.
Security Security module perform tasks related to security in
the request-processing pipeline, such as specifying
authentication schemes, performing URL
authorization, and filtering requests.

Content Content module perform tasks related to content in
the request-processing pipeline, such as processing
requests for static files, returning a default page
when a client does not specify a resource in a
request, and listing the contents of a directory.

Compress Compression module perform tasks related to
compression in the request-processing pipeline, such
ion
as compressing responses, applying Zip compression
transfer coding to responses, and performing pre-
compression of static content.

Caching Caching module perform tasks related to caching in
the request-processing pipeline, such as storing
processed information in memory on the server and
using cached content in subsequent requests for the
same resource.

9


IIS Authentication

Anonymous access: This authentication method requires NO username or password to
access the site. Any user can just type the URL and access the site. This is the default access
method for IIS sites/virtual directories. This type of access is generally used for public facing
internet sites.

Basic authentication: Basic authentication requires that users to provide a valid username
and password to access content. This authentication method does not require a specific
browser and all major browsers support it. Basic authentication also works across firewalls
and proxy servers. Hence, it is a good choice when you want to restrict access to some, but
not all, content on a server.

Integrated windows authentication: It is the best authentication scheme in an intranet
environment. When user login with username and password it does not pass the user’s
password across the network instead a hashed value is exchanged.

10


IIS Request Processing

1. User (client) sends the request via browser to Webserver (IIS).
2. In IIS, the request hits the HTTP.SYS (Kernel level of IIS).
3. HTTP.SYS is Responsible to pass the request to specific Application
pool. Application Pool is identified by HTTP.SYS using the
application pool ID, generated and associated at the time of
creation of Application POOL with HTTP.SYS.
4. HTTP.SYS passes request to Web Admin Services (WAS) (User Level
of IIS).WAS pass it to the respective application pool.
5. When Application pool receives the request, it simply passes the
request to worker process (w3wp.exe).
6. Worker process “w3wp.exe” looks up the URL of the request in
order to load the correct ISAPI extension (ISAPI extensions are the
IIS way to handle requests for different resources. Once ASP.NET is
installed, it installs its own ISAPI extension (aspnet_isapi.dll) and
adds the mapping into IIS.)
7. As Worker process loads the aspnet_isapi.dll, it starts HttpRuntime,
which is the entry point of an application. (HttpRuntime is a class
that calls the “ProcessRequest” method to start Processing.)
8. “ProcessRequest” method creates a new instance of HttpContext
that is accessible using “HttpContext.Current” Properties.
9. The HttpApplication configures HttpRuntime load an
HttpApplication object with the help of HttpApplicationFactory
class.Each and every request should pass through the
corresponding HttpModule to reach to HTTPHandler, this list of
module.
10. Set of HttpModules (For Both Web.config and Machine.config
level) resides in “HttpPipeline”. “HttpModules”, intercept the
request on its way to the HttpHandler.
11. HTTP Handler generates the output for the requested resource.

Note: These are few elements only.
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SharePoint is a software application product
created by Microsoft. Like any other software
application, it`s architecture consists of physical
as well as logical elements.

Physical Elements are the hardware devices and
the connecting devices required to meet the
solution requirement.
• Server Topology
• Network Infrastructure
• Storage Devices [Web Front-End Servers
/Application Server /SQL Server]
• Hardware Devices

Logical Elements defines the prerequisite
software’s, components and interaction among
these components.

12



Word automation services: Word automation service allows to perform file operations on
the server that previously required automating desktop word, such as converting word
documents to PDF.
Excel services: It allows publishing excel files so that users can view them on web pages
without installing Microsoft office excel.
Visio services: By this feature, users can view files in their browser without having Visio
installed.
Business connectivity service: It provides connectivity to various kinds of external
systems. It enables two- way communication.
Access services: Access services allow users to publish Access 2010 applications to
SharePoint, which other user’s access through browsers.
Performance Point services: It is the easiest way to create and publish business
intelligence dashboards in SharePoint.
InfoPath form services: An InfoPath form service provides the ability to deploy
organization’s forms to Microsoft SharePoint server and enables users to fill out these
forms by using a web browser.
Managed Metadata Service: The managed metadata service provides a central store for
keywords and a hierarchically organized metadata.
State service: The state service is a shared service used to store temporary data across
related HTTP requests in SQL server database.
User Profile service: The user profile service is a shared service that provides a central
location to store information about users (user profiles, organization profiles, my site web
site, audiences, etc.).
Web analytics web service: It collects data about how users access pages in a deployment
of SharePoint server, such as the search engine used and keywords that the end user types
to find a site.
Search Service: It Crawls content, creates indexes and performs queries..

13



SharePoint is primarily used to create (internet, intranet, extranet)
portals/applications. SharePoint provides easy graphical user interface
to create and manage portals called “Central Administration”.
SharePoint
To install SharePoint pre-installed software’s are required:
• Windows Server 2008 64 Bit Operating System
• IIs(Internet information Web Server)
• SQL Server (Database)

During the installation, share point creates following below
mentioned:
• New Application Pool in IIS
IIS
SQL
Default Application Pool Name is SharePoint –
Application Port Server
Name can be changed during Web Application creation.
• New website in IIS
Default website Name is SharePoint – Application Port
Name can be changed during Web Application creation
• Folder Structure- containing the SharePoint product related
files.
• Databases- Content and configuration Databases in SQL Windows
Server environment Server

14


IIS Request Processing-SharePoint

1. User sends a request over the internet
2. The HTTP Protocol Stack (HTTP.sys) intercept the request and
passes it to the Svchost.exe
3. Svchost.exe contains the Windows Activation Services (WAS) and
the Worldwide Web Publishing Service (WWW Service)
4. WAS requests configuration information from the configuration
store, applicationHost.config. This maps virtual directories to
physical directories.
5. WWW Service receives configuration information, such as
application pool and site configuration
6. WWW Service uses the configuration information to configure
HTTP.sys
7. WAS starts a worker process for the application pool to which the
request was made
8. Authentication is handled.
9. Request comes in for an ASP.NET Page.
10. The request is given to the SharePoint14Module.
11. The page handler is unable to find a precompiled version of the
page class on disk, so it must grab the file and give it to the ASP.NET
engine for parsing.
12. The SharePoint14Module contacts either the file system or the
content database for the appropriate page class information.
13. The ASP.NET Page engine parses the file and generates a page class.
14. The page class is compiled into a .NET assembly and cached on the
disk.
15. An instance of the requested page’s class is created.
16. The response is generated from the requested page class is sent
back to the original caller.

15


SharePoint Physical Folder Structure

SharePoint creates physical folder structure at defined location in physical drive. Drive name:
Program FilesCommon FilesMicrosoft Sharedweb server extensions
All the files and folders related to SharePoint 2010 exists at “Drive:Program Files Common
FilesMicrosoft SharedWeb Server Extensions14”.This folder apart from other folders contains
three new folders “ User Code, Web Services, Web Clients “.

16



1. 14ADMISAPI:
This directory contains the soap services for central administration. If this directory is
altered, remote site creation and other methods exposed in the service will not
function correctly.

17



2. 14 BIN

18



3. 14CONFIG
This directory contains files used to extend IIS web sites with SharePoint server. If this
directory or its contents are altered, web application provisioning will not function
correctly.

19



14CONFIGADMINBIN

20



14CONFIGADMIN RESOURCES

21



14CONFIGBIN

22



14 CONFIGBROWSERS

23



14 CONFIGIdentityModel

24



14 CONFIGPOWERSHELL

25



14 CONFIGResources

26



14 CONFIGSearchConnectors

27



14 CONFIGUPGRADE

28



4. 14HCCAB

29



14HCCAB1033

30



5. 14HELP

31



14HELP1033

32



6. 14ISAPI

33



7. 14LOGS
This directory contains setup and run time tracing logs.

34



8. 14POLICY

35



9. 14RESOURCES

36



10. 14TEMPLATE

37



14TEMPLATE1033

38



14TEMPLATEADMIN

39



14TEMPLATEADMIN1033

40



14TEMPLATECONTROLTEMPLATE

41



14TEMPLATEIMAGES

42



14TEMPLATELAYOUT

43



14TEMPLATELAYOUT1033

44



14TEMPLATEFEATURES

45



11. 14USERCODE
This directory contains files used to support sandboxed solutions.

46



12. 14WEBCLIENTS
This directory contains files related to the new Client Object Model.

47



14WEB CLIENTSBDC

48



14. 14WEBSERVICES
This directory contains new wcf or .svc related files

49



14WEBSERVICEBDC

50


SharePoint Logical Directory Structure

SharePoint Logical Directory
structure displays the Application
pools & the Web Sites created by the
SharePoint at the time of installation
and also the application pools ad
websites created at the time of
creation of site collection. From this
screen user can change the IIS
properties of the application pool or
website.

51


SharePoint SQL Interaction

SQL server is used to store data and
configure information. There are two
types of databases one is the content
database and the other is the
configuration database. Content varies
according to every site. Therefore,
every site has its own content
database. For instance if we have a
payroll site and recruitment site they
have their own content database.
Configuration database is for the entire
site as they are used in web farms, site
configuration, and lot of other things,
which are generic and common across
all the sites.

52


Databases Created during SharePoint 2010 Install

S.No. Database Name Description

1. Secure Store database The Secure Store service application database stores and maps credentials, such as account names and passwords. Prefixed with
"Secure_Store_Service_DB_".
2. State database The State service application database stores temporary state information for InfoPath Form Services, the chart Web Part, and
Visio Services. Prefixed with "State Service".
3. Web Analytics staging The Staging database temporarily stores un-aggregated fact data, asset metadata, and queued batch data for the Web Analytics
database service application. Prefixed with "WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_StagingDB_"
4 Web Analytics Reporting The Reporting database stores aggregated standard report tables, fact data aggregated by groups of sites, date and asset
database metadata, and diagnostics information for the Web Analytics service application. Prefixed with
"WebAnalyticsServiceApplication_ReportingDB_".
5. Search service application The Administration database hosts the Search service application configuration and access control list (ACL), and best bets for the
Crawl database crawl component. This database is accessed for every user and administrative action. Prefixed with
"Search_Service_Application_DB_".
6. Search service application The Crawl database stores the state of the crawled data and the crawl history. Prefixed with
Crawl database "Search_Service_Application_CrawlStoreDB_'.

7. Search service application The Property database stores information that is associated with the crawled data, including properties, history, and crawl
Property database queues. Prefixed with "Search_Service_Application_PropertyStoreDB_"
8. User Profile service The Profile database stores and manages users and associated information. It also stores information about a user's social
application Profile network in addition to memberships in distribution lists and sites. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_ProfileDB_".
database
9. User Profile service The Synchronization database stores configuration and staging data for use when profile data is being synchronized with
application directory services such as Active Directory. Prefixed with "User Profile Service Application_SyncDB_".
Synchronization database
10. User Profile service The Social Tagging database stores social tags and notes created by users, along with their respective URLs. Prefixed with "User Profile Service
Application_SocialDB_".
application Social
Tagging database
11. Managed Metadata The Managed Metadata service application database stores managed metadata and syndicated content types prefixed with "Managed Metadata
Service_".
database
53


Key Points
During installation, SharePoint creates folders; database and sites in Windows operating system, IIS (Internet information services
and Database (SQL Server).

SharePoint 2007 creates 12-hive structure while SharePoint 2010 creates 14-hive structure in windows operating system.
Folders in 12 hive Structure

1. ADMISAPI 2. Bin 3. Config 4. Data 5. HCCCAB 6. Help

7. ISAPI 8. Logs 9. Resources 10. Template

Folders in 14 hive structure
1. ADMISAPI 2. Bin 3. Config 4. Data 5. HCCCAB 6. Help

7. ISAPI 8. Logs 9. Resources 10. Template 11. Policy 12. User
Code
13. WebClients 14. Web Services

SharePoint creates SQL database structure
1. Secure Store 2. State 3. Web analytics staging 4. Web analytics 5. Search Service 6 Search
reporting Application . Service
administration Applica
tion
Crawl
7. Search Service 8. User Profile Service 9. User Profile Service 10. User Profile Service 11 Managed
Application Property Application Profile Application Application Social . Metadata
Synchronization Tagging

54

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