2. TThhee llaarrggee,, ccoommpplleexx mmoolleeccuulleess
ooff lliivviinngg tthhiinnggss aarree oorrggaanniicc
mmoolleeccuulleess..
Name the four major groups
of organic molecules found
in living things.
5. OOrrggaanniicc mmoolleeccuulleess aarree
iimmppoorrttaanntt ttoo lliiffee pprroocceesssseess
bbeeccaauussee::
They store energy.
They form cell membranes.
They provide structural support.
They help control chemical reactions in
organisms.
They store hereditary information.
7. AAllll oorrggaanniicc mmoolleeccuulleess
ccoonnttaaiinn ccaarrbboonn..
They also contain
other atoms, such
as
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen
sulfur
phosphorus
CC
HH
OO
SS
NN
PP
8. TThhee aattoommss iinn oorrggaanniicc
mmoolleeccuulleess aarree bboonnddeedd
ttooggeetthheerr bbyy__________________ bboonnddss..
Give examples of some simple
organic molecules and show
how they are bonded together.
9. TThhee aattoommss iinn oorrggaanniicc
mmoolleeccuulleess aarree bboonnddeedd
ttooggeetthheerr bbyy ccoovvaalleenntt bboonnddss..
H
H C H
H
H H
H C C H
O
H
H
H
H C O H
H
13. LLiippiiddss iinncclluuddee
Fats (triglycerides) are important energy
storage molecules,
Phospholipids, which make up the framework
of cell membranes,
Steroids, including some important hormones
23. AAnn eennzzyymmee ccaann ssppeeeedd uupp aa
cchheemmiiccaall rreeaaccttiioonn..
+
An enzyme has a shape that the substrate can fit.
An enzyme substrate complex forms.
The products are formed.
The enzyme is ready to catalyze another reaction.
25. PPrrootteeiinnss aarree mmaaddee ooff aammiinnoo
aacciiddss..
20 different amino acids
make up all our proteins
An amino acid has a
Central carbon atom,
An amino group
A carboxyl group
A hydrogen atom
and
An R-group
The R-group varies
from one amino
acid to another
27. AAmmiinnoo aacciiddss ccaann bbee ppuutt
ttooggeetthheerr ttoo mmaakkee pprrootteeiinnss..
Covalent bonds, called peptides, link the amino acids.
Amino acids are arranged
linearly to form the
protein’s primary
structure.
28. WWhhaatt ddeetteerrmmiinneess tthhee ssppeecciiffiicc
sshhaappee ooff aa pprrootteeiinn??
WWhhyy iiss tthhee sshhaappee ooff aa pprrootteeiinn
ssoo iimmppoorrttaanntt??
29. SSppeecciiaall bboonnddss ccaann lliinnkk
nnoonnaaddjjaacceenntt aammiinnoo aacciiddss ttoo
hheellpp ffoorrmm tthhee ssppeecciiffiicc sshhaappee ooff
aa pprrootteeiinn..
A protein’s shape determines its function.
31. NNuucclleeiicc aacciiddss aarree tthhee
bblluueepprriinnttss ffoorr pprrootteeiinnss..
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
RNA (ribonucleic)
Much more to come
about these very
important
biomolecules!
32. RREEVVIIEEWW
What element is in all biomolecules?
What kind of chemical bonds hold atoms
together in organic molecules?
To what group of biomolecules does
sucrose belong?
To what group of biomolecules do the
hormones testosterone and estrogen belong?
What is one characteristic of all lipids?
33. CCaann yyoouu aannsswweerr tthheessee
qquueessttiioonnss??
Which of these substances contains
nitrogen?
glycogen
hemoglobin
adrenalin
cellulose
Which biomolecule forms the framework of
cell membranes?
Which biomolecule contains peptide bonds?
34. HHeerree aarree ssoommee iimmppoorrttaanntt
qquueessttiioonnss aabboouutt pprrootteeiinnss..
What is meant by the primary structure of
proteins?
Why is the shape of a protein so important?
What is the function of enzymes?
What makes one amino acid different from
another?
What makes one protein different from
another?
35. CCaann yyoouu aannsswweerr tthheessee
iimmppoorrttaanntt ““eevveerryyddaayy””
qquueessttiioonnss??
What is the difference between saturated
fats and unsaturated fats?
To what group of macromolecules does
cholesterol belong?
Some fatty acids and some amino acids are
said to be essential for humans; why are
they called essential?
Notas do Editor
At end of presentation, tell which class of organic molecules does each of these functions.