1. Pre-W3C Web and Internet Background W3C
• Mark Andreessen and
colleagues leave NCSA to • Feb: Tim Berners-Lee
form Mosaic Communications meets Michael Dertouzos
• 1945: Vannevar Bush article Corp., which later became in Zurich to discuss
in Atlantic Monthly describes Netscape. possibility of starting new
a photo-electrical-mechanical organization at MIT. • Jan: ERCIM
• Traditional dial-up systems • Apr: INRIA becomes replaces INRIA as
device called a Memex, for (CompuServe, AOL, Prodigy) • Apr: Alan Kotok, then at
memory extension, which W3C Host in Europe. • Jun: In response to W3C Host in Europe.
begin to provide Internet DEC, visits CERN to discuss “Peabody meeting” W3C • Jul: W3C charters
could make and follow links access. creation of Consortium. • Feb: W3C adopts
between documents on • Jun: W3C holds first forms Process ERB. • W3C Creates Technical Architecture
Workshop, on Content • Nov: W3C launches Advisory Board Group (TAG). Royalty-Free Patent
microfiche. • 1 Oct: W3C created. • Sep: Keio University Policy.
Rating; leads to PICS. Offices program. (AB).
•1960: J.C.R. Licklider publishes 1994 becomes W3C Host in Asia.
“Man-Computer Symbiosis.” • Dec: First
Web server
•1962: Douglas Englebart • May: Tim Berners-Lee outside of
publishes “Augmenting Human publishes version 2 of Europe set up at
Intellect: A Conceptual “Information Management: Stanford
Framework.” A proposal.” University.
•1965: Ted Nelson coins the •End 1990: 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
term “Hypertext” in “A File
Structure for the Complex, the
Development begins for
first browser (called
1992
• 1980: While
Changing, and the
consulting for CERN,
“WorldWideWeb”), editor, Starting year of current W3C Activities
Indeterminate.” 20th National
Conference, New York, Tim Berners-Lee
server, and line-mode
browser. Culminates in first
1993
Association for Computing writes a program, Web client-server • Graphics • Math • Document Object Model (DOM) •Internationalization • Voice Browser • URI • Device Independence • Multimodal Interaction • XForms • Compound
Machinery. “Enquire-Within- communication over • Jan: Number of Document
Upon-Everything”, browsers increases; • Hypertext Markup • Extensible Markup • Patent Policy • Semantic Web • Web Services Formats
Internet in December 1990. Language (HTML) Language (XML)
•1968: Douglas Englebart which allows links to includes Midas, Erwise, • Privacy • XML Key Management
demonstrates Online System be made betwen Viola, and Samba.
(NLS). arbitrary nodes. 1990 • Mar: NCSA releases
• Style
• Synchronized Multimedia • Quality Assurance
first alpha version of • Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
pre1979 pre1989 1991 Mosaic for X Windows.
• Dec: Hypertext ‘91 • Apr: CERN agrees to
Conference in San allow anyone to use
Antonio, Texas (USA). Web protocol and code
Tim Berners-Lee paper royalty free.
on Web only accepted
as poster session. • Jun: Dale Dougherty of
O’Reilly hosts WWW
•1969: Advanced Research • 1984: Paul Mockapetris 1989 Wizards Workshop in
Cambridge,
Projects Agency commissions introduces Domain
ARPANET to conduct research Name System (DNS). • Mar: Tim Berners- Massachusetts, USA.
on networking. Lee circulates • Nov: At a Newcastle,
“Information U.K. conference, Tim
•1971: Ray Tomlinson of BBN Management: A
creates email program to send Berners-Lee discusses
Proposal” for the future of the Web
messages across a distributed comments at CERN.
network. with MIT's David
Gifford, who suggests
•1972: Tomlinson expands that Tim contact
program to ARPANET users, Michael Dertouzos.
using the “@” sign as part of the
address.
Web conference
•1974: Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn Geneva (Jun) Darmstadt (Apr) Paris. Largest conference Santa Clara Brisbane Toronto Amsterdam Hong Kong Honolulu Budapest New York
publish, “A Protocol for Packet Chicago (Oct) Boston (Dec) to date.
Network Interconnection”,
which specifies in detail the
design of a Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP). Web servers
•1978: Part of TCP published
seperately as the Internet
Protocol (IP). 1 10 50 623 10,022 100,000 603,367 ~1.6 million ~3.7 million ~9.5 million ~26 million ~36 million ~35 million ~46+