Cat5 To 10gig Convergence Makes Cabling An Asset

Convergence: Is Your Network Ready?

The Growing Value of Cabling Systems

Trivia

• What is the significance of the following number?

• 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456

• (340 undecillion, 282 decillion, 366 nonillion, 920 octillion, 938
septillion, 463 sextillion, 463 quintillion, 374 quadrillion, 607 trillion,
431 billion, 768 million, 211 thousand and 456)

AMP NETCONNECT / page 2 /

Trivia

• Equals 2128
• 128-bit address: 2128 or over 340 undecillion
– 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456
• Possible Number of IP Device Addresses (IPv6)
– IPv4, has (“only”) fewer than 4.3 billion unique IP addresses


Industry Trends

• IP Technology is Exploding
– Cheaper and smaller devices to create data
• Cameras (still and video), microphones, monitoring devices
– New IP devices
• TVs, NAS devices, RFID, building automation controls,
refrigerators
– Possible Number of IP Device Addresses (IPv6)
• 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456
– That’s 665,570,793,348,866,943,898,599 unique IP addresses
for every square meter on the planet


Industry Trends

• Data is Proliferating
– Recorded Images and Video
– Live Video and Audio
• Vlogs, YouTube, MySpace, Streaming
– Monitoring, Trending, RFID Data
• Memory is Cheaper
• File Sizes are Getting Larger
– More than doubled in three years*
• In May 2002, the average file size being shared on a P2P network
was 3.22 megabytes; In June 2005, it was 8.92 MB
– Pyramid Distribution of Files

*Source: www.Forbes.com “File Size On P2P Nets Explodes” by Lisa DiCarlo, 06.08.05

Industry Trends

• Digital Convergence
– VoIP
– IPTV (SDTV & HDTV)
• 100Mbps Internet connections
• Video-On-Demand (HD Movie Downloads)
• Digital Media Center (Windows Vista)
– Streaming video, music, photos, home automation
• FTTX: Fiber/triple-play deployment
– Verizon FIOS
• Fiber to the Apartment
– AT&T U-Verse


Industry Trends

• Broadband Coaxial Network Vs. Ethernet MPEG-2 Channel Capacity
– CATV: 5.2Gbps (256-QAM modulation);275 HDTV channels
– Ethernet: GigE: 50 HDTV channels; 10GigE: 500 HDTV Channels

• HD-DVD / Blu-Ray
– Storage capacity:
• HD-DVD: 15/30GB (sgl/dual layer)
• Blu-Ray: 25/50GB (sgl/dual layer)


Industry Trends

• More, Larger, Faster

• 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456
– 340 undecillion, 282 decillion, and change…

• Constant change and innovation brings
more devices requiring more capability


Network Trends

• Latency is Increasing
– Larger Files Take Longer to Move
• 80G iPod takes 13 minutes to
transfer at 100Mb/s
– Searching larger databases takes more time
– Cost of latency is increasing as file sizes increase
• A company with annual revenue of $10M and 100 employees
averages 10 minutes, per day, per employee of latency cost –
that’s $271,000 annually just in time spent waiting for file
movement
– Networks capable of greatest speeds have lower latency costs


Network Trends

• Data Consolidation from Convergence
– IP-based Data from Multiple Sources
– Convergence of Multiple Systems onto IP-based Platforms
• Data
• Voice - VoIP
• Building Automation Systems (HVAC, Lighting, etc.)
– Smart Buildings, IBS, etc.
– Energy Efficiency and Conservation
• Security and Monitoring
• RFID and Asset Tracking
– High Data Rate Cabling
– IP-capable Cabling – YOUR cabling!


Digital Video
Facility Management
Panasonic IT Support Staff
Axis
American Dynamics Database Storage Solution Data Collection
Point Six
Sony Oracle Engine
Honeywell
IBM Johnson Controls
Microsoft Yamas
SUN

ERP
SAP Axcess - Active RFID
Escalate M/A-COM - Passive RFID
Storis RFID Symbol - Passive
Matrix - Active
EPC Gen 2 Passive RFID
Zinwave - Remote Antennas
SercoNet – Remote Antennas
HIGH PERFORMANCE INFRASTRUCTURE

Physical Access System Logical Identity & Access Management Access Point Aruba
Cisco
AeroScout
DVR NVR
Network SNMP
Panasonic Iris Scan Management M/A-COM Passive RFID
Smartcards CA eTrust IAM AeroScout WiFi RFID
Biometrics SUN JES EPC Gen 2 Passive RFID
Proximity EPC Gen 2 Passive RFID Zinwave (remote Antenna)
Panasonic
Intellex


Industry Trends

• Why all this on IP cabling?
– Simple – because we can
– IP technology is the high speed
vehicle
– IP technology can still get faster
• Why 10 Gig?
– Which came first?
• Pentium Quad-Core processor?
• A use for a Pentium Quad-Core
processor?
• What does that mean for the cabling
industry?


Cabling Is An Asset

• Cabling Becomes an Expandable Asset
– Expandable utilization of existing infrastructure instead of overlaying
individual technologies
– Mechanism for Cost Reduction
• More effective use of bandwidth, servers and storage
• Not a line item for cost reduction
• Cabling Becomes a Vital Asset

AMP NETCONNECT CABLE


Convergence: What’s It Mean For You?

• The key to making yourself valuable is making the infrastructure
valuable
• The key to making the infrastructure valuable is to make the
infrastructure capable


NETCONNECT
Enhanced Category 5
Cabling System
It’s Like Category 5…
Only Better!

Data Rate ≠ Bandwidth

• 100 MHz is NOT the same as 100 Mbps
• Bandwidth is:
– The frequency range across which components and systems are
specified
– Not based on a particular application or data rate
– Limited by useable ACR (not data rate)
– 1 MHz to 100 MHz per Cat 5e specifications


Data Rate ≠ Bandwidth

• Data Rate
– How fast you can pump data through a system with a given
bandwidth
– Dependent on the application and encoding scheme


Performance Characteristics

• Three configurations to measure
– Components
– Link
– Channel
• Important characteristics
– Near End Crosstalk (NEXT)
– Equal Level Far End Crosstalk (ELFEXT)
– Attenuation
– Return Loss
– Skew


Link and Channel Configurations

Link = Outlet to Patch Panel or Cross Connect

Channel = Network Interface Card to Hub



• Key Performance Parameters
– Near End Crosstalk (NEXT)
– Attenuation
– Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio (ACR)

Pair 1

XCVR
XCVR

Pair 2

NIC HUB

NEXT, Attenuation and ACR

Coupled NEXT Noise
NIC HUB
Transmitter Receiver

Receiver Transmitter

Attenuated
Transmitted
Signal
Signal

ACR
Attenuated Signal NEXT Noise

The Move to Cat 5e

June 1996 -

IEEE 802.3 begins work on Gigabit Ethernet

Questions raised about unspecified
parameters of Category 5

Also need to standardize manufacturers’
claims of performance in excess of Cat 5

Addendum 1

September 1997 -

TIA/EIA-568-A-1:
Propagation delay and skew requirements
added for Cat 5 cable.

Effects of Skew

T1 T2 Fastest

Pair 1

Pair 2

Pair 3

Pair 4

NIC HUB
Slowest
• Skew is the difference in propagation delay between the fastest and
slowest pairs in a cable.
• Proposed requirement: <45 ns @ 100 MHz (Channel)

Two More Addenda Drafted

• SP-4194 • SP-4195
– Proposed Addendum No. 4 to – Proposed Addendum No. 5 to
568-A 568-A
– Additional Transmission – Additional Transmission
Performance Specifications for 4- Performance Specifications for 4-
Pair 100 Ohm Category 5 Cabling Pair 100 Ohm Enhanced Category
5 Cabling

Addendum vs. TSB

• The TIA changed its position on SP-4194
– Can’t place new specifications on existing components and
installations
– Information will be published as TSB 95
• Informational purposes
• Changes from “shall” to “probably”!


TSB95 - Additional Cat 5 Specifications

“The development of certain high-speed applications
has brought to the attention of the TIA the need for
additional transmission requirements such as return loss
and far end crosstalk (FEXT). These parameters are
needed by system designers for applications that utilize
all four pairs in the cable for full duplex transmission.”

“Although these are new specifications, the existing
worst-case, two-connector topologies compliant with
TIA/EIA-568-A are expected to meet these
requirements. Other topologies are supported as long as
they meet the ELFEXT and Return Loss requirements
of this document.”

Two-connector Topologies?

Other Topologies. . .
(i.e. with cross-connect and/or transition point)

Performance Specifications

• Additional Performance Parameters
– Power Sum NEXT
– Power Sum ELFEXT
– Return Loss
– Skew
Pair 1

Pair 2
1000 1000
Mbps Mbps
Pair 3

Pair 4

NIC HUB

1000BASE-T Noise Sources

250 Mb/s Full Duplex

1000 PS NEXT 1000
Mb/s PS FEXT Mb/s

Return Loss
NIC HUB
EMI

• NEXT - Cancelable by DSP
• Return Loss
• FEXT - Non-Cancelable by DSP
• EMI - Non-cancelable by DSP

SP-4195 - Enhanced Cat 5

“The development of certain high-speed applications
has brought to the attention of the TIA the need for
additional transmission requirements such as multi-
disturber NEXT, return loss and multi-disturber far end
crosstalk (FEXT). These parameters are needed by
system designers for applications that utilize all four
pairs in the cable for simultaneous bi-directional
transmission.”

“Addendum 5 for category 5e cabling provides higher
performance over a minimally compliant category 5
channel and recognizes advances in cabling
technology.”

Cat 5 Comparisons

Original Cat 5 Current Cat 5 Cat 5e
Attenuation Same Same
(components, link,
channel)
NEXT (components, Same Better
link, channel)
Skew (link, channel) Same
Return Loss (cable, Better
link, channel)
ELFEXT (cable, link, Better
channel)
PSELFEXT (link, Better
channel)
PSNEXT (cable, link,
channel)
FEXT (connector)

Cat 5 vs. Cat 5e

Channel Performance

30.5
30
29.5
29
28.5
dB 28
27.5
27
26.5
26
25.5

Cat 5 NEXT Cat 5e PS NEXT Cat 5e NEXT


Cat 5 vs. Cat 5e

70
60
50
40
dB

30
Cat 5 ACR Cat 5e ACR
20
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Frequency, MHz

Attenuation Cat 5 NEXT Cat 5e NEXT Cat 5e PSNEXT

What Do You NEED to Run 1000BASE-T?

IEEE 802.3ab
Physical layer specification for 1000 Mb/s operation
on four pairs of Category 5 or better balanced twisted
pair cable (1000BASE-T)

40.8 Link Segment Characteristics
1000BASE-T uses a duplex transmission system. Four full duplex channels are
required to transport data between two PMDs. Each duplex channel supports an
effective data rate of 250 Mbps in each direction simultaneously. The term ‘link
segment’ used in this clause refers to four duplex channels and the term ‘duplex
channel’ will be used to refer a single channel with full duplex capability.
Specifications for a link segment applies equally to each for the four duplex channels.

1000BASE-T is designed to operate over a 4-pair Category 5 cabling
system.

Designed to Operate Over Cat 5, BUT. . .

ANNEX 40A Additional Cabling Design Guidelines

Although the 1 Gb/s specification described in Clause 40 was designed to
operate over 4-pair Category 5 cabling systems as specified in
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A and ISO/IEC 11801, there are additional steps that
may be taken by network designers that will provide additional operating
margins and ensure the objective BER of 10-10 is achieved.

•Power Sum NEXT
•Defined but not spec’d higher than Cat 5
•Power Sum ELFEXT
•Spec’d in TSB95 (Cat 5)
•Don’t use 25-pair
•Don’t use crossconnect or transition point

Cat 5 and Cat 5e – Bottom Line

• Cat 5 will probably run Gigabit Ethernet.
– But maybe only with two connectors!
• Cat 5e provides the extra margin required to ensure 1000BASE-T
support with 4-connector channels.
– It’s been ratified as TIA/EIA-568-A-5.
• Cat 5 is not recommended in TIA/EIA-568-B.
– It’s been relegated to an annex.
• Cat 5e is the minimum recommendation for data cabling.


THE AMP NETCONNECT
ENHANCED CATEGORY 5
SYSTEM

NETCONNECT Enhanced Cat 5
Channel Performance
Using Enhanced Cable
Assemblies
90 Meter Channel Performance
w ith Standard and Enhanced Cable Assemblies

14
Worst NEXT Margin (dB)

12
10
Standard
8 Enhanced
6

4
2
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
De -e m be dde d NEXTat 100 M Hz (dB)


NETCONNECT Enhanced Cat 5
ENHANCED BENEFITS
• “Future-proofing”
– Gigabit Ethernet will push standard Cat 5 to the limit. In order to
support 1000BASE-T and still have freedom to use more than two
connectors, Cat 5e is recommended.
• Cat 5e will be the recommended minimum performance category for
data in the next revision of TIA/EIA-568.
• Insurance against installation problems and ambient electrical noise
• More reliable operation of existing LANs up to 155 Mbps


AMP NETCONNECT
Category 6 System

How Did We Get Here?

Basic Cabling Structure Link/Channel Specifications
Component Specifications Additional Structure Options

TIA/EIA
TSB72
EIA/TIA Patch Enhanced
TIA/EIA Addendum
TSB36 Cord
TSB67 E DIN
TIA/EIA TIA/EIA ISO/IEC
IEC 11801 44312-5
CAT 6 &7
EIA/TIA 568 TSB40 TSB75 Specs
Additional
TIA/EIA Prop
Cat 5 Specs
568-A Delay,
Skew

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

“New” Performance Specifications

• Additional performance parameters for 4-pair systems
– Power Sum NEXT
– Power Sum ELFEXT
– Return Loss
– Skew
Pair 1

Pair 2
1000 1000
Mbps Mbps
Pair 3

Pair 4

NIC HUB

NEXT: Pair-to-Pair vs. Power Sum

Pair-to-pair: Power sum:
Single disturber Multiple disturbers
Single receiver Single receiver

• Power sum performance is the sum of the pair-to-pair
performance of the component or system.

1000BASE-T Noise Sources

250 Mb/s Full Duplex

1000 PS NEXT 1000
Mb/s PS FEXT Mb/s

Return Loss
NIC HUB
EMI

• NEXT - Cancelable by DSP
• Return Loss- Cancelable by DSP
• FEXT - Non-Cancelable by DSP
• EMI - Non-cancelable by DSP

What About Category 6?

• Cat 6 was originally a German DIN standard addressing shielded
cabling systems with performance out to 600 MHz.
• Category 6/Class E was “re-proposed” by ISO/IEC 11801-A as
specifying positive channel performance to 250 MHz.
– Both the ISO and the TIA are now working on Cat 6 and its
frequency range has been extended to 250 MHz.
• The German DIN Cat 6 is now Cat 7/Class F, also under
development by the ISO.

Cat 5e vs. Cat 6

80
70
60
50
40
30 Cat 6 ACR
Cat 5e ACR
20
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250

Cat 5e Attn Cat 6 Attn Cat 5e NEXT Cat 6 NEXT


Chicken and Egg – Which Came First?

LAN
Standards
• ATM Forum Cabling Trends
• IEEE 802.3 • Power Sum
• Category 6

LAN
Technologies Cabling
• 622 Mbps ATM Standards
• Gigabit Ethernet • Enhanced Cat 5
• Cat 6/Class E

Why Install Category 6?

• Performance Level: 250 MHz
• Applications:
– All existing UTP applications including 1000BASE-T
– Forms the basis on which the next generation of twisted pair
applications will be developed
• 25-Year System Warranty: Category 6

The AMP NETCONNECT Category 6
System
• Category 6 performance confirmed by independent testing
– Intertek Testing Services (ETL SEMKO)
• End-to-end system engineering ensures optimum performance
– Critical at 250 MHz Category 6 bandwidth
– Look at the system performance - not just cable
• Single vendor solution and warranty
– No shifting “partnerships”

The Channel

The most important performance characteristics
are those of the channel. The channel numbers
represent the performance of the entire cabling
system.


Channel Performance

• In order to be Cat 6 compliant, the entire cabling system must meet all
of the requirements when configured in the worst-case configuration.
• The worst-case configuration allowed by the TIA is the 100-meter, 4-
connector channel.
• On March 5, 2001 Intertek Testing Services tested AMP
NETCONNECT plenum and non-plenum channels constructed from
production Category 6 products.
• The following slides show the absolute worst performance at each
frequency point from those tests.


AMP NETCONNECT ACR Performance

90
80
70
60
50
12.4 dB @ 250 MHz! Spec
dB

40
AMP
30
Head
20 room
10
0
-10 0 50 100 150 200 250
Frequency, MHz


AMP NETCONNECT PSACR Performance

90
80
70
60
50
40 13.3 dB @ 250 MHz! Spec
dB

30 AMP
20 Head
10 room
0
-10 0 50 100 150 200 250
-20
Frequency, MHz


What is the difference between Cat 5e,
cat 5E and Cat 6?

• Signal to noise ratio

• Bandwidth used to test the cable

The first difference is the most important. Cat 6 Cat 6 is twelve times
less "noisy", than Cat 5e. The better the signal to noise ratio is on
your network, the less often this happens.


cat 5E and Cat 6? Con’t
• testing across a bandwidth of 100 MHz. The Cat 6 standard calls for
testing across a bandwidth of 250 MHz.

• The reality is that most computers and networking equipment only
transmit across a frequency range of 100 MHz. (In the future, of
course, actual utilization of greater bandwidth may become more
common.)


cat 5E and Cat 6? Con’t
• Many cable companies tout the high bandwidth of their cable. Some
even test up to as high as 700 MHz. It sounds great for marketing, but
the truth is that the MHz rating is not the same as speed.

• All cable rated Cat 5e or Cat 6 is capable of Gigabit Ethernet. The
MHz rating is just the frequency range used for testing the cable.

• Source: Network Know how – Will Hunt


Shielded 10G Cabling Infrastructure

A Highly Capable, Valuable, Expandable Asset

Cabling Options for 10GbE

• Fiber
– Highest performance
– Best future-proofing
– Comparable cost to copper
– Density – small cable diameters, small
connectors
– Ease of installation – NE/NP connectors

– Cost of electronics – no migration path with
existing electronics
• This typically steers the decision in the
direction of copper…


Cabling Options for 10GbE

• Copper
– Familiarity
– Provides necessary performance
– PoE and PoE Plus
– Migration path with existing electronics
• Leads to Unshielded vs. Shielded…


Advantages of a Shielded 10 GbE
Solution
• Equitable cost (compared to 6A UTP), both for materials and for labor
& installation
• Significantly greater Shannon Capacity than Category 6A UTP
• Alien Crosstalk prevented by shield, not by space
– Eliminates effects of AXT
• Great fit for “secure” applications
• Application-friendly in all environments
– EMI & RFI resistant in noisy environments
• Fewer spurious spikes and system interruptions
• Noise reduction from non-cable sources
• Shielded has been commercially available for years


What is Shielded Cable?

• Cable constructions and designations
Old Designations New Designations

UTP U/UTP

FTP F/UTP

S-FTP SF/UTP

S-STP S/FTP

• U – Unshielded, F – Foil Shield, S – Braided Shield
• First letter designation indicates type of outer shield
• Second letter designation indicates type of shield on
each pair


Price Comparisons

Cat 6A F/UTP 100%
Manufacturer A - 6A UTP 99%
Manufacturer B - 6A UTP 104%
Manufacturer C - 6A UTP 98%
Manufacturer D - 6A UTP 109%


Shannon Capacity Comparison

35

30

25

20

15
16.4 Gb/s

27.7 Gb/s

34.7 Gb/s
10
9.9 Gb/s

5

0
Cat 6 UTP Cat 6A UTP Cat 6A F/UTP Cat 7 S/FTP


Performance

• Shielded cabling systems have always provided much
higher electrical performance than UTP systems – there
has just never been an application to take advantage of
this increased performance…

…until now


1000BASE-T Technology

Switch NIC
250 Mbps

250 Mbps
Digital Digital
1 Gbps

1 Gbps
Signal Signal
Processor 250 Mbps Processor
(DSP) (DSP)
250 Mbps

NEXT FEXT
Return Loss


10GBASE-T Technology

EMI &
10GBASE-T signal spectrum up to 500 MHz
Background
Nearby
UTP Noise
Cable

Alien
Crosstalk
(AXT)
Switch NIC
2.5 Gbps

2.5 Gbps
Digital Digital
10 Gbps

10 Gbps
Signal Signal
Processor 2.5 Gbps Processor
(DSP) (DSP)
2.5 Gbps

NEXT FEXT
Return Loss


Alien Crosstalk (AXT)

• AXT is the undesired coupling of signals between adjacent cables
• AXT is a new parameter to consider, yet it is the most critical parameter for
10G
• AXT cannot be cancelled by Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology
• AXT can ONLY be prevented or mitigated by a shield, space, or glass


Industry comments about Alien Crosstalk

• This noise source from adjacent cables, however, cannot be cancelled
effectively by Digital Signal Processing. The solution is to provide
increased isolation of cables from one another, either by increased
separation, use of shielding, or improved cable constructions that
reduce ANEXT.
• The IEEE has determined that alien crosstalk is the main electrical
parameter limiting the performance of the structured cabling system,
when applied to 10 Gigabit transmission lines.
• Presentations given in the 10GBASE-T task force have identified alien
crosstalk to be the most dominant noise source. Unlike other noise
impairments, alien crosstalk is very difficult to mitigate using advanced
digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms due to its random statistical
nature.


AXT Considerations for UTP and STP

• Shielded cables provide CONSIDERABLE headroom for AXT!
– Current pair-to-pair performance parameters will be more stringent as we
move toward 500 MHz
– However, AXT performance will be the main consideration!
• Unshielded cables will be marginal at best…
– Space is the only way to mitigate the effects of AXT
• Addendum 11 allows for cables up to .354” OD (instead of .250”)
• Larger cables provide better AXT performance, but take up more space
• Unshielded Cat 6A cables running 10G shouldn’t be mixed in a pathway with
other cable types (ie – Cat 6 or Cat 5e)
– Not specifically addressed by the standards, but still very much a concern
for unshielded cables
– Not an issue for shielded cables

IEEE 802.3an – Cabling Types


The Space of a Shielded Solution

• Port density equivalent to current Cat 6
• Shielded cables have smaller OD than Augmented Category 6 cables
• UTP ANEXT reduction through spacing…
– Make the cable jacket thicker or use two cable jackets
• More expensive and stiffer cable
– Loss of density in conduits, cable trays, cable management
– Not just horizontal cable – but also patch cords!


Size Comparisons

• Single cable comparison
• We work in a world of cable BUNDLES!

Cat 5e UTP Cat 6 UTP Cat 6A F/UTP Cat 6A UTP


Size Matters…

• How does cable size really affect your pathway costs?
– Conduit fill – based on 40% fill ratio
– 40% more cables in a conduit Conduit F/UTP 6A UTP
Size 7.6mm (.300") 9.0 mm (0.354")
2 18 13
3 40 29
4 71 51

– Patch cord comparison – F/UTP compared to U/UTP


Installing a Shielded Solution

• Shielded cable termination time is perceived to be longer than UTP
equivalents (e.g. Cat 6). THIS IS SIMPLY NOT TRUE!!
– New tooling options and connector technologies are available to
dramatically simplify terminations and decrease termination times
• Just like NE/NP fiber connectors, the new termination technology
dramatically reduces the cost of shielded cabling systems
• A ninety-second shielded jack!! AMP NETCONNECT is the only
company that has simplified shielded connections to this extent


Installation of the AMP-TWIST® Jack
in 90 seconds or less!!
1 3

Press the clamp and insert cable
Locate the rear housing into the
through hole
front housing

2 4

Lace the wires into the slots Place the jack into the tool and
according to wiring pattern squeeze the handle all the way down.
Finished!!


Installing a Shielded Solution:
XG Shielded Patch Panels
• Improved labeling
– Integrated dual purpose labeling space
• Paper labels with clear plastic cover
• Black plastic cover for adhesive labels
– Labels can be applied to covers on a flat surface and then
snapped on to the panel
– Icons
– Port numbers


Installing a Shielded Solution:
XG Shielded Patch Panels
• Integrated grounding/bonding technology
– Patent-pending bonding bar to simplify grounding/bonding
• Snap in the jack and it’s done!
• Fast and easy
– No time consuming or complicated installation processes
– Paint piercing star washer completes bonding path from patch panel
to rack

Integrated bonding bar
completes metallic
connection from jack
to patch panel for
easy grounding!


Installing a Shielded Solution

• The smaller diameter of shielded cables make them easier to
pull/install than the 6A UTP cables
– Bend radius concerns – the smaller the cable, the less space
required to “turn” it
• Field testing of alien crosstalk on shielded cabling systems not
required
– Much different story for unshielded


Field Testing of Alien Crosstalk on UTP

• Not required, but suggested
• Time consuming
• Sample testing


Grounding and Bonding

• Grounding and bonding needs to be done properly for BOTH
SHIELDED AND UNSHIELDED systems, but is easily and routinely
accomplished!
– Same procedures need to be followed on unshielded installations as
well as fiber!

• Definitions
– Grounding - Establishing a conducting connection between an
electrical circuit or equipment and the earth. (Electrical Contractor)
– Bonding: The permanent joining of metallic parts to form an
electrically conductive path that will ensure electrical continuity.
(Telecommunications Contractor)


Grounding and Bonding

• Grounding systems should be common and have one grounding
electrode to ensure zero potential
• Racks and cabinets should be bonded
• Permanent link should be bonded at one end – the closet end
– Best bond is to the structural steel
• Shielded cable assemblies effectively bond at both ends
– Maintains effectiveness of shield performance
– Ensuring no leakage from end to end


Proper Grounding System Layout

Grounding Bus Bar

Electrical
Panel
TGB

Horizontal STP Cable

7x 8x 9x 10x 11x 12x 7x 8x 9x 10x 11x 12x

Shielded Patch Cable

Eth ern et
C
7 8 9 101112

A 1 234 5 6 1x 2x 3x 4x 5x 6x 1x 2x 3x 4x 5x 6x
A B

Workstation
Shielded
Patch
Cable

BuildingStructural
Steel

Grounding
Electrode


What ground loop?

• For years, network switches
have been tied into two bonding Electrical
TGB Panel

points without any negative
effects
• A common grounding electrode
eliminates potential for ground
loops 7x 8x 9x 10x 11x 12x 7x 8x 9x 10x 11x 12x

Ethernet
C
7 8 910 12
11

A 1 2 34 5 6 1x 2x 3x A 4x 5x 6x 1x 2x 3x 4x 5x 6x
B

• Multiple bonding points have not
caused an issue for network
switches, multiple bonding points
will not cause any issues for the
cabling system


Methods for Bonding Patch Panels

• Star washers
– Pierce paint on panels to provide
a bond from panel to rack with the
mounting screws (shown at right)
– Alternatively, place star washer
between the panel and the rack
• Grounding lugs
– Attach to panels and daisy chain
panels together and attach to
ground


Is It Really Shielded?

• Quick, easy, and consistent terminations

• Grounding and bonding easily accomplished

• Patch panels look like…well, they look like a normal panel


Shielded Cabling for 10GbE

• Offers the necessary performance for 10 Gig and more
• ANEXT margin of 20 dB and higher
• Ability to use existing electronics
• Shield significantly reduces the effects of any RFI/EMI including
ANEXT and background noise
• Takes up less space
• Very cost competitive
• Installer friendly
• AMP NETCONNECT offers a cost competitive, high performance,
easy-to-install shielded system


Summary

• Convergence is happening
• It is happening on IP cabling
• IP cabling is an expandable asset
• The key to making yourself valuable is making the infrastructure
valuable
• The key to making the infrastructure valuable is to make the
infrastructure capable


Cat5 To 10gig Convergence Makes Cabling An Asset

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Semelhante a Cat5 To 10gig Convergence Makes Cabling An Asset

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Cat5 To 10gig Convergence Makes Cabling An Asset