This presentation describes the function of the World Food Programme, the world's largest aid organisation and part of the United Nations, how it provides food aid to the malnourished and what problems it encounters along the way using Haiti as a case study, specifically following the 2004 Haitian rebellion and the 2004-2008 hurricanes that struck the island.
4. • Oils, grains, flours, beans, salt • Dietary supplements for malnutrition • High energy snacks • Whenever possible bought from local producers using monetary donations from governments and organisations
7. HUNGER AND HEALTH CARE? Increases risk of infection eg. tuberculosis Deficiency diseases eg. scurvy Diarrhoea Dehydration Coma Miscarraige Heart Failure Death
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11. ~30x Around thirty storage vessels at sea at any one time Aid is delivered to those who need it by any means available
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13. + Repair roads, bridges etc. + Build warehouses to store food + Evacuate the malnourished + De-mine aid routes What Other Aid Do WFP Provide?
16. A troubled Nation... 2004 Haitian Rebellion • Long history of political turmoil • President Aristide elected in 2001 for the second time • Aristide became unpopular with US and French economic interests • September 2003, gang leader Amiot Metayer found killed with heart cut out, his brother blames Artiside after crackdowns on gang violence • These gangs along with opposition groups mount rebellion against Aristide’s government • Aristide flees Haiti as rebels approach capital, claims the US supported the rebellion • US and UN step in, occupy Haiti and stabilise the country until elections in ’06 Haitian Flooding & Storms • Like most of the caribbean, lies in the RSMC Miama hurricane basin • Subject every year to severe tropical storms and cyclones • Deforestation worsens the resulting floods • Flimsy shanty towns easily demolished by the high winds and flooding • Densely populated urban areas regularly hit • Hurricane Jeanne leaves 3,000 dead in 2004 • Struck again by 4 hurricanes in August-September 2008 killing over 300, leaving 800,000 in need of humanitarian aid
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18. World Food Crisis Western farming subsidies caused developing countries to become dependent on importing food from the West. Inflation of global food prices due to various factors inc. droughts and overpopulation therefore led to an uncontrollable rocketing of food costs in countries like Haiti, leading to starvation and unrest.
21. PRRO : Food Assistance for the Relief and Protection of Vulnerable Groups Exposed to Food Insecurity • PRROs are proposed with detailed logistics, budgets and expected results and submitted to the Executive Board for approval • This PRRO was approved by the board and began operation January 1st 2008 and will conclude Dec 31st ’09 • Budget ~US$75mil, providing 80,000 tons of food to 6 of the 10 departments of Haiti • Sept 08’ following the storms, Country Director submits EMOP calling for US$499,996 of food aid based on estimated no. of ppl. affected x food requirements x duration of dependency + logistical costs • Joined in Nov ’08 another project costing another US$30mil providing a further 25,000 tons of food aid to the flood victims
23. AID AND ACCESSIBILITY Flood Damaged Roads Mountainous Terrain Gang Violence & Theft Damaged Ports Locating Displaced Populations Danger of Further Disasters Weak National Government
24. Agriculture & Deforestation Deforestation on the island worsened environmental impact of floods, topsoil across the country was destroyed and Q4 crop yields were 20% below that of 2007, following the floods...
25. Hazards & Lack of Infrastructure In the first days following the floods, roads were so badly damaged and land so water-logged helicopters were often unable to deliver any supplies to isolated & rural areas
26. Social Unrest & Gangs Warehouses full of donated rice stolen by organised, armed gangs planning to sell them on were found in the western city of Carrefour
27. Bureaucracy Prior to the floods, initial supplies of WFP aid intended to support Haiti through the world food crisis wasted in harbors as government bureaucracy intended to quell corruption left tons of food rotting on freighters for days
28. Economics & The Food Crisis Food price crisis hadn’t been effectively controlled before the storms hit, worsened by political instability sparked by ousting of the president following riots, contributing to overall hunger on the island. High fuel prices also delayed the transportation of food aid to remote, inland areas. Ousted President Edouard-Alexis
29. Logistical Difficulties Difficult logistical decisions delayed the provision of infrastructure and delivery of aid eg. delays when the UN could not decide which of 8 destroyed bridges should be replaced
30. However without the WFP and other food aid orgs the food security situation in Haiti would be far worse...
31. The WFP fed 700,000 people in Haiti by the end of 2008... WFP now focuses on food-for-work and school meals programmes to improve long term food security following the emergency situations of that year...
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