HTML5 Bootcamp: Essential HTML, CSS, & JavaScript

HTML5 Bootcamp
Essential HTML, JavaScript & CSS
Todd Anglin
EVP Product Strategy, Telerik

Workshop Downloads:
http://bit.ly/TaskListDemo
(https://github.com/toddanglin/TaskListDemo.git)
http://bit.ly/workshoplabs
(Case sensitive)

10 %
Read
20%
Hear
30% See
50% Hear + See
70% Say + Write
90% Experience
You generally remember...

EVP Product Strategy, Telerik
5x Microsoft MVP, ASP Insider, O'Reilly Author
anglin@telerik.com
TexMex
5’ 9”
41 (Birkenstock)

Workshop Agenda
Time Topic
8:30 AM to Noon HTML5
Noon to 1:00 PM LUNCH
1:00 PM to 4:30 PM JavaScript & CSS3
WHY + HOW

Morning Agenda
Time Topic
8:30 AM Intro to HTML5 & Fundamentals
11:00 AM HANDS ON
11:25 AM Modern HTML App Patterns Overview
Noon Lunch

HTML5 Sites
HTML5 Apps
HTML5 Enriched

the "plan"
the options HTML5 the browsers
use it todayA&Q

Perhaps Adobe
should focus more on
creating great HTML5
tools for the future, and
less on criticizing Apple
for leaving the past
behind.” -Steve Jobs
April, 2010
“

Why is HTML5 #winning
the web?
21:02

“While it continues to serve as a
rough guide to many of the core
features of HTML, it does not
provide enough information to
build implementations that
interoperate with each other and,
more importantly, with a critical
mass of deployed content.”
-W3C on HTML4
21:02

HTML4 = Rough Guide
Unpredictable Browser Support

<HTML>
CSS:3;
ECMAScript();
“HTML5”

“Living Standard”
WebSockets FileAPI
WebGL
HTML5 Forms
Geolocation
Offline
Canvas Video
Audio
Canvas
Video
Geolocation
Semantic
Tags
SVG
WHATWG | W3C | IETF
21:02

Know your users.
Know your browsers.

of internet browses with
IE, FF, Safari, Chrome, or Opera
99%

Source: comScore, Alexa, Flurry Analytic
0
20
40
60
80
100
Jun-10 Dec-10 Jun-11 Dec-11
PC & Mobile Web Browsing
Mobile Apps
64
MINUTES
43
MINUTES
70
MINUTES
66
MINUTES
74
MINUTES
81
MINUTES 72
MINUTES
94
MINUTES

IE9 offers support for
the most relevant,
real-world web patterns
that developers are
using today as
well as the HTML5
patterns we
expect to become
more mainstream.”
“
Dean Hachamovitch
Corporate VP, IE

html5labs.interoperabilitybridges.com
ie.microsoft.com/testdrive
+

25 26 41
138 138
286 287 303 320 329 337
374 378 386 389 390 397 415 430 434 448
498505
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
InternetExplorer6»
InternetExplorer7»
InternetExplorer8»
InternetExplorer9»
WinPhone7.5»
Android4.0»
Android4.3»
Safari5.1»
WinPhone8»
Opera11.60»
Firefox8»
Chrome17»
Safari6.0»
iOS6.0»
Opera12»
ChromeMobile»
Safari7.0»
iOS7.0»
Firefox24»
Chrome22»
Firefox28»
Chrome32»
Chrome33»
relative HTML5 scores
IE10
IE11

In the future,
browsers compete
on speed,
not on features

X X X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X
Adoption Strategies
Only use features
natively available in all
target browsers
21:02

X X X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X
Adoption Strategies
Only use features
either natively available
OR available via
JavaScript polyfill
X X
21:02

X X X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X
Adoption Strategies
Only use features
available in target
browsers AND design
alternate experience
for other browsers
X X
X X X
X X
21:02

progressive
enhancement
graceful
degradation

[Source: Aaron Olaf, Flickr]
21:02

[Source: Mercedes USA, http://mbusa.com/]
21:02

X X X X X
X X X
X X
X X X
X X
Adoption Strategies
Create experiences
targeted at specific
browsers (or classes of
browsers)
X X
X X X
X X
21:02

Don't sniff browsers.
(Test for features.)

Modernizr.[featureName]
if (Modernizr.canvas) { //Use It! }
.[featureName] || .no-[featureName]
.no-canvas { //Styles }
.canvas { //Other Styles}

25 26 41
138
303 320 329 337 374 378 389
434
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
relative HTML5 scores

The Basics
• <!DOCTYPE html>
• 9 new “structure” tags
• 16 new HTML elements
• 13 new <input> types
21:02

stuff you can do
today
stuff you can do
tomorrow
(or today, too, if IE support is not critical)

We'll cover a lot!
But not nearly everything.

semantic tags
audio & video
HTML5 Forms
geolocation
web storage
drag & drop
canvas
offline
web sql
indexedDB
web sockets
history api
file api

WebGL
web workers
XHR2
querySelector
classList
CORS
crypto
performance
visibility api
online/offline
custom protocol
typed arrays
Web Audio API
inline SVG
FS API
Canvas
animation
notifications
orientation
microdata
flexbox
more...
For homework.

http://bit.ly/vsHTML5
http://bit.ly/vsSVG
Add IntelliSense & Schema Validation
to Visual Studio 2008/2010 (pre SP1)
21:02

21:02
HTML5 Forms
Geolocation
Video
CSS3
{Web Sockets}
{Storage}
{IndexedDb}
{Semantic Data}

semantic tags
tag: <header> <footer> <nav> <article> <hgroup>
support: IE9, FF3.5, Safari, Chrome, Opera
<body>
<div id=‚header‛>
</div>
<div id=‚content‛>
<div id=‚nav‛></div>
</div>
<div id=‚footer‛>
</div>
</body>
<body>
<header>
</header>
<section>
<nav></nav>
</section>
<footer></footer>
</body>
VS.

fixing IE
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>My Weblog</title>

</head>
*Polyfill required to trigger styling in old IE
21:02

Why use it?
• Accessibility*
• SEO*
• Code readability
• Developer street cred
• Why not?
21:02

semantic data
data-*
Valid approach to storing data in HTML

<div id="mydiv" data-key="26" data-name="My product name">
...
</div>

var key = mydiv.getAttribute("data-key")
//OR
var key = mydiv.dataset.key

Why use it?
• Embed data in page
21:02

video & audio
Semantic rich media
Reach more people on more devices
Container
Codec
Silverlight
FlashHTML5

video for all browsers*
<video src="clip.mp4" controls type="video/mp4">
<object classid="...">
<param name="flashvars" value="file=clip.mp4" />
<param name="movie" value=“player.swf" />
<embed src="player.swf” type="application/x-shockwave-
flash” flashvars="file=clip.mp4" />
Your browser does not support video
</object>
</video>
21:02

Why use it?
• Video for plug-less mobile
devices
• Eliminate dependencies
on Flash/Silverlight (future
proofing)
21:02

canvas
tag: <canvas />
<canvas id=‚b" width="300" height="225"></canvas>
function draw_b() {
var b_canvas = document.getElementById("b");
var b_context = b_canvas.getContext("2d");
b_context.fillRect(50, 25, 150, 100);
}
support: IE*, FF3, Safari, Chrome, Opera

fixing IE
<head>

</head>
Explorercanvas
21:02

Scalable Vector
Graphics
Canvas
Bitmap-output
Good for
animation
JavaScript-based
Vector-output
Good for
interaction
XML-based
21:02

Why use it?
• Dashboards
• Charts/Gauges
• Resolution
independence
21:02
• Games
• Super custom
rendering
SVG Canvas

html5 forms*
tag: time, date, search, email, etc.
Web Forms 2.0 HTML5 Forms
<form>
<input type="email" autofocus="autofocus"
placeholder="Enter your email" />
</form>
support: Safari, FF4*, Chrome, Opera

validation
• HTML: Required, Type, Pattern
• JS: checkValidity()
• CSS: :invalid, :valid, :required
<form>
<input type="email" placeholder="Enter your email" required
title="Please enter a valid email address" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
</form>

via A List Apart (bit.ly/html5validation)
21:02

21:02
iOS 7 deprecated datetime support
& handles week poorly

progressive enhancement
<form name="f">
<input id="q" autofocus>

<script>
if (!("autofocus" in document.createElement("input"))) {
document.getElementById("q").focus();
}
</script>
<input type="submit" value="Go">
</form>

21:02
“Consuming raw or undercooked
meat, poultry, seafood, shellfish or eggs may
increase risk of foodborne illness.”

COOKEDRAW
html5 forms
21:02
Available heat:
- Kendo UI (validation + UI)
- jQuery HTML5 Form
- H5F

Why use it?
• Mobile input
• Improved form behavior in
modern browsers
• Semantic forms
• New styling options
21:02

geolocation
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(callback);
function callback(position){
var lat = position.coords.latitude;
var lng = position.coords.longitude;
var acc = position.coords.accuracy;
}
support: IE9, Safari, FF3.5, Chrome, Opera
opt-in user feature to share physical position

Why use it?
• Enrich apps with location
awareness
• Track user position
21:02

local storage
sessionStorage = per window
localStorage = per browser
<script>
sessionStorage.setItem('value', this.value);
localStorage.setItem('value', this.value);
sessionStorage.getItem(‘value’);
sessionStorage.clear();
localStorage.clear();
</script>
5 MB limit

http://htmlui.com:80
protocol
host port
(+ browser mode)

COOKEDRAW
local storage
21:02
Available heat:
- localstorage polyfill
- amplifyJS
- lawchairJS

Why use it?
• Better than cookies
• Simple API
21:02

drag & drop API
easy drag & drop for any HTML element

<div id=‚myDiv‛ draggable=“true”>...</div>
//Handle the DnD events, such as Drop
function onDrop(e){
//e.target is the current target element
if(e.stopPropigation) e.stopPropigation(); //Prevent redirect
//Do something with payload
return false;
}
support: IE9, FF, Safari, Chrome, Opera

IMG
File
HTML
draggable
dragstart
drag
dragenter
dragleave
dragover
drop
dragend
Change appearance,
Set payload
Change drop target
appearance
Process DnD
payload

dragstart
drop
e.dataTransfer.setData([MIME type], [payload])
e.dataTransfer.getData([MIME type])
e.dataTransfer.files; //FileList object

COOKEDRAW
drag & drop
21:02
Available heat:
- Kendo UI (DnD & Upload)
- jQuery UI Draggable

Why use it?
• Support DnD files in the
browser
• Reduce JS footprint
21:02

stuff you can do
today
stuff you can do
tomorrow

offline
tag: <html manifest="html5demo.manifest">
MIME type: text/cache-manifest
CACHE MANIFEST
# Files you want cached for your app to work offline
myLogo.jpg
//Interacting with cache
window.applicationCache.update();
alert(window.applicationCache.status);
support: FF3.5, Safari, Chrome, Opera 10.6

Why use it?
• Aggressive resource
caching
• Foundation for offline
21:02

web sql
api: openDatabase
db = openDatabase("html5demos", "1.0", "HTML 5 Database API
example", 200000);
if (db) {
db.transaction(function(tx) {
tx.executeSql("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tweets (id REAL UNIQUE,
text TEXT, created_at TEXT, screen_name TEXT,
mention BOOLEAN)", [], callback);
});
}
db.transaction(function (tx) {
tx.executeSql('SELECT * FROM tweets WHERE mention = ? AND id > ? ORDER
BY id DESC', [mention, latest], callbackFunc);});
support: Safari, Chrome, Opera
“This specification has reached an impasse: all
interested implementors have used the same
SQL backend (Sqlite), but we need multiple
independent implementations to proceed along
a standardisation path.”
–W3C

indexedDB
JavaScript API for indexed local storage
var request = window.indexedDB.open("CandyDB",
"My candy store database");
request.onsuccess = function(event) {
var db = event.result;
if (db.version != "1") {
// User's first visit, initialize database.
...
}
}
support: IE9*, FF4, (Chrome)

COOKEDRAW
indexedDB
21:02
Available heat:
- IDBWrapper
- PouchDB
- lawnchairJS

Why use it?
• Browser storage of larger
datasets
• Offline data
• Better than local storage
for complex data
operations
21:02

web sockets
api: WebSocket
ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8282/test‛);
ws.onopen = WSonOpen;
ws.onmessage = WSonMessage;
ws.onclose = WSonClose;
ws.onerror = WSonError;
function WSonMessage(event) {
$(‚#myDiv‛).html(event.data);
};
support: IE9**, Safari 5, Chrome, FF4*, Opera 11*

COOKEDRAW
web sockets
21:02
Available heat:
- SignalR
- Socket.IO
- Sockjs

Why use it?
• 2-way real-time
messaging
• Replace long-polling &
interval “hacks”
• Eliminate dependencies
on plug-ins
21:02

file api
access to local file system & data streaming
var file = e.dataTransfer.files[0],
reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function (event) {
var dataUrl = event.target.result;
};
reader.readAsDataURL(file);
.readAsBinaryString(file);
.readAsText(file);
.readAsArrayBuffer(file);
support: IE10, FF4, Chrome, Opera 11.1

Why use it?
• Process files with fewer
server trips
• Improve usability
• Desktop-like experiences
• Better file upload
21:02

history api
direct access to browser history
var stateObj = { foo: "bar" };
history.pushState(stateObj, "page 2", "bar.html");
support: FF4, Safari 5, Chrome, Opera 11.5

LUNCH <BR />
1-Hour Pit Stop. Resume @ 1:00 PM.

Afternoon Agenda
Time Topic
1:00 PM Tips for Better JavaScript
2:45 PM Intro to CSS3 & Fundamentals
4:00 PM Final Workshop Q&A
4:30 PM Fin

You are a web
standards developer.

In browser
Out-of-browser{ }
Always connected
Sometimes connected{ }
Site experience
App experience{ }
Packaged
Served{ }

21:02
1. Website
2. Single Page App (SPA)
3. Mix

Website
HTML
Concepts: Pages, Server-side Views, Links, Thin Client

Website:
Always connected
In-browser
Served
Site experience
21:02

Single Page Application (SPA)
21:02
JS

Single Page Application (SPA)
JS
21:02
Concepts: Web Services, Client-side, Application

SPAs provide a more
fluid user experience,
similar to a "desktop"
application.
21:02

Native Shell +
SDK Proxy
Native
App
HTML/JS/CSS
App

Hybrid Approaches
21:02
JS
Data
JS
Data
Slices
of
SPA

Hybrid Approaches
21:02
JS
SPA
ShellSPA
Website

Just because you're
using web standards,
doesn't mean you're
building websites.
21:02

No, really.
Brendan Eich.
Netscape.

“JS had to 'look like Java'
only less so, be Java‟s
dumb kid brother or boy-
hostage sidekick. Plus, I
had to be done in ten
days or something worse
than JS would have
happened”

Sept 1995
Netscape
Aug 1996
Microsoft
June 1997
ECMAScript
//
Mar 1999
XHR
Feb 2005
Ajax
Aug 2001
IE6
Firefox
Safari
Chrome
Mobile

JavaScript won by
default.
If you're the last man left on
earth, it doesn't matter how ugly
you are when the women come to
re-populate the planet.
Scott Koon

Can‟t Beat „em,
Join „em.

Modern JavaScript
Faster. Easier. Better.

Attwood‟s Law:
Any application that can be
written in JavaScript, will
eventually be written in
JavaScript
2007

1. Slow Execution
2. Memory leaks
3. Poor Code Organization
4. Lack of Understanding

From real
masters:
Jordan
Ivan
Tsvetomir
Atanas
Burke
John
Brandon

TIP #1
jQuery is a friend…
…that will stab you in the back.
Prove It

CACHE OBJECTS
$("#myDiv").css("color","red");
$("#myDiv").css("opacity",1);
BAD
$("#myDiv").css("color","red")
.css("opacity",1);
BETTER
var $myDiv = $("#myDiv");
$myDiv.css("color","red");
$myDiv.css("opacity",1);
BEST*
Prove It

NATIVE LOOPS
$.each(arr, function (i) {i / 2;});
BAD
arr.forEach(function (i) {i / 2;});
BETTER
var i = 0, len = arr.length;
for (i = 0; i < len; i += 1) {
i / 2;
}
BEST*
Prove It

TIP #2
Avoid Global Variables
They're slow & rude.

function add(num1, num2){
return num1 + num2;
}
var result = add(5, 10);
21:02
Prove It

var name = "Todd";
function sayHello(){
alert(name);
}
function sayHello(){
var name = "Todd";
alert(name);
}
21:02
BAD
BETTER

function doInitStuff(){
...
}
function loadSomething(){
...
}
function handleButtonClick(){
...
}
function harlemShake(){
...
}
yourFile.js

var user = "Todd";
}
if (user == "Todd") ...
}
...
}
...
}
yourFile.js

var user = "";
user = "Todd";
}
}
...
}
...
}
yourFile.js

var [window].user = "";
function [window].doInitStuff(){
user = "Todd";
}
function [window].loadSomething(){
}
function
[window].handleButtonClick(){
...
}
function [window].harlemShake(){
...
yourFile.js

var app = (function(){
var _name = "Todd";
return{
sayHello: function(){
alert(_name);
}
}
}());
app.sayHello();
21:02
BEST(ISH)

var app = (function(){
var _name = "Todd";
return{
sayHello: function(){
alert(_name);
},
sayGoodbye: function(){
alert(_name);
}
}
}());
21:02
BEST(ISH)
Your
“Public” API

SUPER PATTERN
(function(window,$,c){
var _private = "Todd";
function privateClass(){}
function myWidget(){}
myWidget.doSomething = function(){};
window.myWidget = myWidget;
}(window,jQuery,console));
Immediately Invoked Function Expressions (IIFE) +
Global Imports + [Prototype]
Prove It

TIP #3
Bind to Events & Pub/Sub
Just listen.

<button id="btn" onclick="sayHello();">
Click Me
</button>
$(function(){
$(‚#btn").on("click",sayHello);
});
21:02
BAD
BETTER

$(document).on("click",
"button", sayHello);
21:02
BEST
Why?
Compare A Compare B

function doSomthing{
...
doSomethingElse();
doOneMoreThing();
}
21:02
BAD

function doSomething() {
...
$(document).trigger("DO_SOMETHING_DONE");
}
$(document).on("DO_SOMETHING_DONE",
function(){
doSomethingElse();
});
21:02
BETTER
Example

function doSomething(){
var dfd = new $.Deferred();
//Do something async, then...
//dfd.resolve();
//OR
//dfd.reject();
return dfd.promise(); //Returns immediately!
}
function doSomethingElse(){
doSomething().done(//Success!).fail(//Error);
}
21:02
ANOTHER SOLUTION

TIP #4
Don't fondle the DOM.
Go with the flow.

My Awesome Page
Copyright Fo'eva
Lorem ipsumy samplish
jibber jabbish text only
meant to serve as a
placeholder, and much like
Pi, should never repeat or
be read much beyond the
first few characters.

function doSomething{
...
var $list = $("body").append("<ul>");
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i++){
$list.append("<li>"+ i +"</li>")
}
}
21:02
BAD

...
var $domChunk = $("<ul>");
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1){
$domChunk.append("<li>"+ i +"</li>");
}
$("body").append($domChunk);
}
21:02
BETTER

DOM SPEED WITH
STRINGS & INNERHTML
...
var domString = "<ul>";
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i += 1){
domString += "<li>"+ i +"</li>";
}
domString += "</ul>"
$("body")[0].innerHTML = domString;
}
Prove It

TIP #5
Learn a module pattern.
(Or some kind of app structure)

A.js
B.js
Manual (index.html)
<script src="B.js"></script>
<script src="A.js"></script>
<script src="main.js"></script>
Module Loader (main.js)
require(["A","B"], function(){
//Dependencies are loaded
});

USE JSLINT
Guaranteed to Hurt Your Feelings™
21:02
MINIFY YOUR JS
Words are for humans.
MASTER BROWSER
DEV TOOLS
Debug JavaScript where it runs.

Fix IE
<script type="text/javascript">

if (!this.console) {
window.console = {
log: function() {}
};
}
</script>
21:02

Resources for Study
• Books
– JavaScript: The Good Parts (Crockford)
– JavaScript: The Definitive Guide (Flanagan)
– JavaScript Patterns (Stefanov)
– High Performance JavaScript (Zakas)
21:02

[before CSS]
<html>
<head>…</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr><td>
<font size=‚3‛ color=‚red‛>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
</font>
</td></tr>
<font color=‚green‛>
<font face=‚Tahoma‛>
<h2>I’m green! I think.</h2>
</font>
<p>Lorem ipsum</p>
</font>
</table>
</body>
</html>
{HTML}

Separation of Concerns*
<html>
<head>…</head>
<body>
<header>…</header>
<article>
<h1>Hello!</h1>
<p>Lorem ipsum</p>
</article>
<nav>…</nav>
<footer>…</footer>
</body>
</html>
structure
body { color:#FFF; }
header { margin:5px; }
article {
margin:5px 0;
padding: 10px;
background: #333;
}
style
{HTML} {CSS}

CSS has been plagued
with inconsistencies &
browser bugs

What's CSS3?
CSS 2.0++++
Module Status
Animations WD
2D/3D Transformations WD
Selectors (Level 3) REC
Media Queries (Level 3) REC
Backgrounds & Borders (rounded corners) CR
Text Decoration (text shadows, outline) CR
CSS 2.1 REC
WD LC CR PR REC
21:02

WD LC CR PR REC
CSS 2.1
CSS3 Color
Selectors
Media Queries
Backgrounds &
Borders
Multi-column
Flex Box
Marquee
25+ Drafts
Transitions
Transformations
Animations
Gradients
CSS3 Text
21:02

Browser Prefixes
-webkit
-moz
-o
-ms
"standard" way
browsers
implement custom
features.
21:02

Prefixes are going
away (eventually)
21:02
RECENT NEWS
Browser "flags" will handle emerging feature

-moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
border-radius: 5px;
-moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px #333;
-webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px #333;
box-shadow: 2px 2px 2px #333;
-webkit-background-size: 137px 50px;
-o-background-size: 137px 50px;
background-size: 137px 50px;
21:02

Selectors
Color
Custom Fonts
Borders & Backgrounds
Gradients
Media Queries
Animations
Transitions
Layouts (Grid, Flex, etc)

1. Selectors
2. Custom Fonts
3. Whiz Bang Styley
Whimey
4. Layouts

*
E[foo]
E[foo="bar"]
E[foo~="bar"]
E[foo|="en"]
E:first-child
E:lang(fr)
E:hover
E:focus
E:disabled
E::before
E::after
E > F
E + F
E
E:link
E:active
E:visited
E::first-line
E::first-letter
E.warning
E#myid
E F
E[foo^="bar"]
E[foo$="bar"]
E[foo*="bar"]
E:root
E:nth-child(n)
E:nth-last-child(n)
E:nth-of-type(n)
E:nth-last-of-type(n)
E:last-child
E:first-of-type
E:last-of-type
E:only-child
E:only-of-type
E:empty
E:target
E:enabled
E:checked
E:not(s)
E ~ F

CSS3 Selectors
• Powerful new selector options
//Alternating Items
li:nth-child(odd) { color: blue; }
li:nth-child(even) { color: green; }
li:nth-child(3n) { color: red; } //Every 3rd item
//First/Last Items
li:first-of-type { color: blue; }
li:not(:first-of-type):not(:last-of-type) { color: orange; } //All
*but* first/last
//Enabled/Disabled
input:enabled { border: 2px solid green; }
input:disabled { background-color: #BBB; }
*Use jQuery to support legacy browsers

Biggest problem with
custom fonts?
21:02
Licensing.
(And then file format.)
(And then performance.)
(And then Comic Sans.)

Custom Fonts
@font-face {
font-family: Delicious;
src: url('Delicious-Roman.otf') format(“opentype”);
}
//Usage
h3 { font-family: Delicious, sans-serif; }

WebFont Providers
+
WOFF
21:02

Borders, Backgrounds,
Gradients, Shadows,
Text Shadows, Colors
21:02

Two cautions:
1. Older browsers
2. Mobile Performance
21:02

Media Queries
Conditional CSS rules/sheets
based on screen properties
21:02

/*These two rules do the same thing*/
@media all and (min-width:500px) { … }
@media (min-width:500px) { … }
/*Multiple conditions*/
@media screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 900px) {
.class {
background: #333;
}
}

• width/height
• device-width/height
• aspect-ratio
• orientation
• color/color-index
• resolution
+
media type & logical operators

The end of complicated float layouts.
(Eventually.)

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HTML5 Bootcamp: Essential HTML, CSS, & JavaScript

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