6. RISK, RETURN, AND DIVERSIFICATION RISK ----> UNFAVORABLE OUTCOME HIGH RISK, HIGH RETURN DON’T PUT ALL EGGS IN ONE BASKET DIVERSIFY RISK ( UNSYSTEMATIC RISK)
33. Returns distribution for two perfectly negatively correlated stocks ( ρ = -1.0) การแจกแจงผลตอบแทนของหุ้นสองตัวที่มีค่าสหสัมพันธ์ = -1.0 -10 15 15 25 25 25 15 0 -10 Stock W 0 Stock M -10 0 Portfolio WM
34. Returns distribution for two perfectly positively correlated stocks ( ρ = 1.0) การแจกแจงผลตอบแทนของหุ้นสองตัวที่มีค่าสหสัมพันธ์ = 1.0 Stock M 0 15 25 -10 Stock M’ 0 15 25 -10 Portfolio MM’ 0 15 25 -10
35.
36.
37. Illustrating diversification effects of a stock portfolio รูปแสดงผลกระทบจากการกระจายการลงทุนของกลุ่มหลักทรัพย์ # Stocks in Portfolio 10 20 30 40 2,000+ Company-Specific Risk Market Risk 20 0 Stand-Alone Risk, p p (%) 35
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44. Illustrating the calculation of beta การแสดงการคำนวณค่าเบต้า . . . k i _ k M _ - 5 0 5 10 15 20 20 15 10 5 -5 -10 Regression line: k i = -2.59 + 1.44 k M ^ ^ Year k M k i 1 15% 18% 2 -5 -10 3 12 16
45.
46.
47. Beta coefficients for HT, Coll, and T-Bills k i _ k M _ - 20 0 20 40 40 20 -20 HT: β = 1.30 T-bills: β = 0 Coll: β = -0.87
54. Illustrating the Security Market Line . . Coll. . HT T-bills . USR SML k M = 15 k RF = 8 -1 0 1 2 . SML: k i = 8% + (15% – 8%) β i k i (%) Risk, β i
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63. CHARACTERISTIC LINE EXCESS RETURN ON STOCK EXCESS RETURN ON MARKET PORTFOLIO Beta = Rise Run Narrower spread is higher correlation Characteristic Line
64.
65. CHARACTERISTIC LINES AND DIFFERENT BATAS EXCESS RETURN ON STOCK EXCESS RETURN ON MARKET PORTFOLIO Beta < 1 (defensive) Beta = 1 Beta > 1 (aggressive) Each characteristic line has a different slope.