1. Introduction to Facilitation ADLT 612 Learning in Groups and Teams, 2011

2. Agenda – Class 9 Developing Skills as a Group Facilitator

3. What is group facilitation?

4. Choosing Among Facilitator Roles

5. Key Features of the Skilled Facilitator Approach

6. A Group Effectiveness Model

7. Mental Models

8. Rules Governing Theories-in-Use From the work of Chris Argyris, 1978

9. Model I Behaviors (unilateral control)

10. Model II Behaviors (mutual learning)

11. Nine Ground Rules for Effective Groups

12. Telling Testing: “Here’s what I say, “What do you think of it?” Asserting: “Here’s what I say and here’s why I say it.” Explaining: “here’s how the world works and why I can see it that way.” ADVOCACY An artist’s pallet of advocacy and inquiry High Low

13. Asking Clarifying: “What is the question we are trying to answer?” Interviewing: Exploring others’ points of view, and the reasons behind them INQUIRY Low High

14. Observing Bystanding: Making comments which pertain to the group process, but not to content. Sensing: Watching the conversation flow without saying much, but keenly aware of all that transpires ADVOCACY INQUIRY Low High High

15. Generating Skillful Dialogue (Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry): Genuinely curious, makes reasoning explicit, asks others about assumptions Dialogue: Suspend all Assumptions, creating a “ container” in which collective thinking can emerge. ADVOCACY INQUIRY Low High High

16. Dictating: “Here’s what I say, and never mind why.” ( Dysfunctional) Interrogating: “ Why can’t you see that your point of view is wrong?” ( Dysfunctional ) ADVOCACY INQUIRY Politicking : Giving the impression of balancing advocacy and inquiry, while being close-minded ( Dysfunctional) Withdrawing: Mentally Checking out of the room, and not paying attention ( Dysfunctional) Dysfunctional Forms of Advocacy and Inquiry

17. Asking Observing Generating Telling Testing Asserting Explaining Skillful Dialogue ( Balancing Advocacy and Inquiry) Dialogue Bystanding Sensing Clarifying Interviewing ADVOCACY INQUIRY Low High High

19. How Do You Apply the Ladder of Inference by Using Advocacy and inquiry? Walk “Down” the Ladder.