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Hidden Requirements 10 Tips to Ensure You Find Them Carol Miller
Introductions ,[object Object],[object Object]
Finding Requirements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Requirements Elicitation The process, tools, and techniques used to actively obtain information from stakeholders regarding their view of the requirements Source:  IIBA - A Guide to the BA Body of Knowledge  v1.6 If only it was this easy! To Elicit:   1. to draw forth or bring out (something latent or potential) 2. to call forth or draw out  (as information or a response) Source: Merriam Webster
Elicitation Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Jungle Can You Find? Functional  Requirements Business Requirements Quality of Service Requirements Implementation Requirements User Requirements
Tips for Staying Alive in the Jungle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Elicitation Tip #1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Needs and  Expectations Of Stakeholders Scope and Quality Time Cost Jungle Tip: Get to know the other people in your group and study the wildlife and plant life you may encounter Identify   Analyze   Prioritize
Stakeholder Identification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Are you using a stakeholder checklist? Do you have a template for your stakeholder inventory and analysis?
Stakeholder Template     SME     Infrequent user   Decision maker Casual user Information keeper (information is power) Frequent user   Has ear of decision maker Spokesperson   Charismatic leader Champion   Controls funding Supporter   Examples of Influence: Examples of Interest: Desired Current Commitment Level (HML) Influence Interest Name Stakeholder Role Stakeholder Information and Analysis
Analyzing Stakeholders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Do you have an analysis question list? Do you have a template for stakeholder inventory and analysis?
Prioritizing Stakeholders Influence High Low High Interest Low Keep informed Monitor Critical Stakeholders Engage early,  Manage closely Engage early,  Keep informed periodically
[object Object],Elicitation Tip #2 “ If you don’t know where you’re going, you’ll probably end up someplace else” Planning is a Critical Success Factor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Jungle Tip: Carefully plan your excursion. Make sure you consider your personal limitations. Talk to others who have been on similar excursions.
A Requirements Framework Knowledge Area Tasks Deliverables Requirements Communication and Management Training Enterprise Analysis Quality Assurance Techniques Guidelines, standards, reviews and inspections Requirements Planning Requirements Elicitation Reqm’ts Analysis & Documentation Solution Assessment and Validation
A Requirements Elicitation Approach  Identify, Analyze, and Document  Stakeholders Choose Elicitation Technique(s) Develop Questions for  Each Chosen  Stakeholder For Each Stakeholder  or Group of Stakeholders Entry Criteria: Do You  Understand  Project Objectives  and Scope? Plan Session, Develop & Send Materials Conduct the  Elicitation Session Document the  Stakeholder Requests Exit Criteria: Questions Answered? Requirements  Analysis and  Documentation Create/Update the Glossary of Terms
Which Requirements Are You Eliciting? Business Requirements Functional Requirements Quality of Service Requirements Constraints Assumptions Problem Space Solution Space What is the Scope of Your Responsibility?
[object Object],Elicitation Tip #3 The Know-it-all Clueless Tired and Tuned Out  Overbooked Uninterested The Overzealous Team The Meeting Dominator Quiet Jungle Tip: Prepare for dangerous encounters
Typical Stakeholder Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Develop your own list. Share your list and examples of success with other BAs.
Elicitation Tip #4 ,[object Object],Get to know your stakeholders and build business relationships Building  trust  and  respect  are essential elements Jungle Tip: Stay in close communication  –  Buddy up
Identify your Stakeholder VIP’s I’m the “subject matter expert”.  I’m well-respected, I know many important details, and I have lots of specific experience.  You need me! I’m the “champion”.  I may not know all the details, but I really like what you’re doing.  I am influential and can convince people why they should like it too.  You need me! I don’t necessarily ‘do’ the work around here, but I know lots of people in the organization, and can put you in touch with just the right one.  You need me! Maven Salesperson Connector
Elicitation Tip #5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Jungle Tip:  Learn to build a fire and other critical skills before your excursion departs
Don’t be the Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Elicitation Tip #6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Jungle Tip:  Bring the right tools and know how, and when, to use them
Requirements Elicitation Techniques ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source:  IIBA: A Guide to the BA Body of Knowledge v1.6
What and Why - Interviewing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Elicitation Tips #7 & #8 ,[object Object],[object Object],Jungle Tip: Stay on the path
Context Diagram ,[object Object],[object Object],Automatic Teller Machine System ATM Patron Bank Courier Brinks Thief ATM Technician
Example:  ATM Context Diagram « keypad » identity account amount ATM Patron Bank Employee Bank Manager Bank Teller Courier ATM Technician Nightly Backup « display » balance status « printer » receipt « router » atm id patron info account amount atm status « router » patron status account balance terminal status ATM System « actor » Bank
The Grey Area  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Elicitation Tip #9 ,[object Object],Jungle Tip: Know when you’ve reached your limit.  Avoid analysis paralysis
A Requirements Elicitation Approach  Identify, Analyze, and Document  Stakeholders Choose Elicitation Technique(s) Develop Questions for  Each Chosen  Stakeholder For Each Stakeholder  or Group of Stakeholders Entry Criteria: Do You  Understand  Project Objectives  and Scope? Plan Session, Develop & Send Materials Conduct the  Elicitation Session Document the  Stakeholder Requests Exit Criteria: Questions Answered? Requirements  Analysis and  Documentation Create/Update the Glossary of Terms
Elicitation Tip #10 ,[object Object],Jungle Tip: Ask questions and admit when you need help
Ten Tips for Requirements Elicitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Questions? Thanks for Attending!  Carol Miller [email_address] www.acclearning.com

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Catalyze Webcast - Finding Requirements - 092007

  • 1. Hidden Requirements 10 Tips to Ensure You Find Them Carol Miller
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  • 4. Requirements Elicitation The process, tools, and techniques used to actively obtain information from stakeholders regarding their view of the requirements Source: IIBA - A Guide to the BA Body of Knowledge v1.6 If only it was this easy! To Elicit: 1. to draw forth or bring out (something latent or potential) 2. to call forth or draw out (as information or a response) Source: Merriam Webster
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  • 6. The Jungle Can You Find? Functional Requirements Business Requirements Quality of Service Requirements Implementation Requirements User Requirements
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  • 10. Stakeholder Template     SME     Infrequent user   Decision maker Casual user Information keeper (information is power) Frequent user   Has ear of decision maker Spokesperson   Charismatic leader Champion   Controls funding Supporter   Examples of Influence: Examples of Interest: Desired Current Commitment Level (HML) Influence Interest Name Stakeholder Role Stakeholder Information and Analysis
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  • 12. Prioritizing Stakeholders Influence High Low High Interest Low Keep informed Monitor Critical Stakeholders Engage early, Manage closely Engage early, Keep informed periodically
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  • 14. A Requirements Framework Knowledge Area Tasks Deliverables Requirements Communication and Management Training Enterprise Analysis Quality Assurance Techniques Guidelines, standards, reviews and inspections Requirements Planning Requirements Elicitation Reqm’ts Analysis & Documentation Solution Assessment and Validation
  • 15. A Requirements Elicitation Approach Identify, Analyze, and Document Stakeholders Choose Elicitation Technique(s) Develop Questions for Each Chosen Stakeholder For Each Stakeholder or Group of Stakeholders Entry Criteria: Do You Understand Project Objectives and Scope? Plan Session, Develop & Send Materials Conduct the Elicitation Session Document the Stakeholder Requests Exit Criteria: Questions Answered? Requirements Analysis and Documentation Create/Update the Glossary of Terms
  • 16. Which Requirements Are You Eliciting? Business Requirements Functional Requirements Quality of Service Requirements Constraints Assumptions Problem Space Solution Space What is the Scope of Your Responsibility?
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  • 20. Identify your Stakeholder VIP’s I’m the “subject matter expert”. I’m well-respected, I know many important details, and I have lots of specific experience. You need me! I’m the “champion”. I may not know all the details, but I really like what you’re doing. I am influential and can convince people why they should like it too. You need me! I don’t necessarily ‘do’ the work around here, but I know lots of people in the organization, and can put you in touch with just the right one. You need me! Maven Salesperson Connector
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  • 28. Example: ATM Context Diagram « keypad » identity account amount ATM Patron Bank Employee Bank Manager Bank Teller Courier ATM Technician Nightly Backup « display » balance status « printer » receipt « router » atm id patron info account amount atm status « router » patron status account balance terminal status ATM System « actor » Bank
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  • 31. A Requirements Elicitation Approach Identify, Analyze, and Document Stakeholders Choose Elicitation Technique(s) Develop Questions for Each Chosen Stakeholder For Each Stakeholder or Group of Stakeholders Entry Criteria: Do You Understand Project Objectives and Scope? Plan Session, Develop & Send Materials Conduct the Elicitation Session Document the Stakeholder Requests Exit Criteria: Questions Answered? Requirements Analysis and Documentation Create/Update the Glossary of Terms
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  • 34. Questions? Thanks for Attending! Carol Miller [email_address] www.acclearning.com

Notas do Editor

  1. Presenter Script: Welcome. It’s great to see such a great turnout today. I’d like to thank Tom and irise for inviting me to host today’s webinar. I hope you’ll find value in the time we spend together. This is a picture of me and I get out to a number of the industry conferences and IIBA chapter meetings, so if you see me in the future, you now know what I look like, so please stop and say hi. Today's topic centers on one of the core tasks performed by the Business Analyst – requirements elicitation. On the surface, sounds pretty straightforward. But in reality, it is one of the most difficult, most error prone, and most communication intensive tasks we face. Elicitation lies at the heart of requirements engineering - Getting the right requirements and documenting them in the right way to ensure your team builds the right solution. So today we’re going to talk about some things you should keep in mind as you plan out your next project.