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Urban P
1. Rencontres Interventionnelles - Transradial Approach
Prague, Czech Republic,
Thursday 29th & Friday 30th September 2011
BLEEDING
IS IT A REAL PROBLEM?
Philip Urban
La Tour Hospital
Geneva, Switzerland
3. PCI
&
Bleeding
• The
problem
– Nature
and
8ming
– Prognos8c
impact
• The
solu8ons
– Assess
bleeding
risk
prior
to
PCI
– Op8mize
vascular
access
– An8platelet
treatment
• Drugs
• Dose
• Dura8on
4. Circula8on
2011;123:
2736
• Type 1: not actionable
• Type 2: requiring medical intervention and/or admission and/or
evaluation
• Type 3:
– 3a) Hb drop 3-5 g/dl and/or any blood transfusion
– 3b) Hb drop > 5 g/dl, tamponade, surgery or vasoactive treatment
– 3c) Intracranial or intraocular bleeding with vision impairment
• Type 4: CABG related
– chest tubes > 2 liters/24h, transfusion > 5 units
– intracerebral bleed < 48h
– any reoperation for bleeding
• Type 5: fatal
5. Bleeding in patients admitted for AMI
Spencer FA et al Circulation 2007; 116: 2793
MB = 2.8%
10% of all deaths
Access = 29% of MB
40087 patients, GRACE registry
6.
7. Bleeding
and
DAPT
compliance
Wang
T
et
al,
Circula8on
2008;
118:2139
2498 patients from the PREMIER registry: patients with vs. without bleeding
9. Number of stent thrombosis major bleedings
15157 patients treated with SES
Weeks after stent implantation
Urban P et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 1445
10. PCI
&
Bleeding
• The
problem
– Nature
and
8ming
– Prognos8c
impact
• The
solu8ons
– Assess
bleeding
risk
prior
to
PCI
– Op8mize
vascular
access
– An8platelet
treatment
• Drugs
• Dose
• Dura8on
11. %
15157 patients treated with SES – 1 year follow-up
Urban P et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 1445
12. PCI
&
Bleeding
• The
problem
– Nature
and
8ming
– Prognos8c
impact
• The
solu8ons
– Assess
bleeding
risk
prior
to
PCI
– Op8mize
vascular
access
– An8platelet
treatment
• Drugs
• Dose
• Dura8on
20. Radial
vs.
Femoral
access
Pooled
analysis
of
23
RCT’s
(n=
7020)
Jolly
et
al
AHJ
2009;157:132
21. Lancet 2011;377:1409
• 7021 ACS patients
• Radial vs.femoral access
• Primary EP @ 30 days:
• Death
• MI
• Stroke
• Non CABG bleed
22. Bleeding in the RIVAL trial
Lancet 2011; 377:1409
Fatal
TF of > 2 units
Hb drop > 5 g/dl
Hemodynamic impact
Need for surgery
Lasting sequellae
Intracebral/ocular
* p<0.0001 - Includes large hematomas and surgically treated pseudo-aneurysms
23. PCI
&
Bleeding
• The
problem
– Nature
and
8ming
– Prognos8c
impact
• The
solu8ons
– Assess
bleeding
risk
prior
to
PCI
– Op8mize
vascular
access
– An8platelet
treatment
• Drugs
• Dose
• Dura8on
24. ACUITY
Stone
G
et
al,
NEJM
2008;358:21
P<0.0001
P=0.03
29. Conclusions
(I)
• Bleeding
during/ader
PCI
is
associated
with
a
significantly
increased
morbidity
and
mortality
• This
is
par8ally
due
to
the
direct
consequences
of
bleeding
(including
medica8on
adjustments,
transfusions,
etc)
but
is
also
explained
by
the
fact
that
bleeding
is
a
powerful
marker
of
comorbidity
• Early
ader
PCI,
major
bleeding
appears
less
dangerous
than
stent
thrombosis,
and
this
should
be
kept
in
mind
when
adjus8ng
an8thrombo8c
treatment
•
Some
types
of
an8thrombo8c
treatment
can
decrease
both
bleeding
and
mortality
without
loss
of
efficacy
(ACUITY)
• Prolonged
dura8on
of
DAPT
beyond
6
months
may
increase
the
risk
of
bleeding
without
any
gain
in
efficacy
(PRODIGY)
30. Conclusions
(II)
• Access
site
bleeding
accounts
for
30-‐70%
of
all
significant
bleeding
episodes
in
series
with
100%
femoral
access
• Radial
access
is
associated
with
a
decreased
risk
of
local
vascular
complica8ons
and
bleeding
• Using
a
common
defini8on
for
bleeding
events
(BARC)
will
allow
to
clarify
several
issues
and
compare
different
trials