1. CondoorRayess Weaver NCIIA 2011 1
NCIIA 2011
Workshop on Systematic
Innovation Tools
Tools & Techniques Workshop Sponsored by NSF
Development Work Sponsored by the Kern Family
Foundation
Jonathan Weaver1, Nassif Rayess1& Sri Condoor2
1 University of Detroit Mercy
2 Saint Louis University

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Workshop Objectives
• Quickly introduce various techniques for systematic
innovation that can help entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs
generate more and better concepts
• Present more detail on two such techniques with some time
to apply them during the workshop
• Provide free access to slides on the various tools for your
use in the classroom

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Systematic Innovation Techniques
• Biomimicry • Bisociation
• Painstorming • Blue Ocean Strategy
• Functional Decomposition • Nine Windows
• Axiomatic Design • The Search for the
• Ethnography Problem
• TRIZ • Kano Model
• Lateral Benchmarking • De Bono‟s Provocation
• De Bono‟s Six Hats • Trimming
• De Bono‟s Concept Fans

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Biomimicry
• Shinkansen front end modeled
after kingfisher‟s beak to
minimize tunnel entry/exit
shockwave
• Pantograph supports have
serrations modeled after owl
plumage to reduce wind noise
Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature,
J. Benyus, Perrenial NY, 2002

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Painstorming
• Find – and eliminate – your customers‟ biggest pains

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Functional Decomposition
Store/accept Convert ener-
Energy external gy to transla-
energy tional energy
Apply
Store Isolate Driven
Nails nails nail
translational
energy to nail Nail
“Trip”
Sense Trigger
of Trip Tool
Tool
Based on Ulrich & Eppinger, 2005

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Axiomatic Design
• Two principle axioms: Independence, Information

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Ethnography: IDEO Methods Cards
• Cards summarizing 51 techniques IDEO uses to come up
with new innovations
• Broken into four categories: LEARN, LOOK, ASK, and
TRY
• LOOK and ASK most relate to ethnography and include :
– A day in the life - Narration
– Behavioral mapping - Extreme User Interviews
– Fly on the wall - Word-Concept Association
– Time lapse video - Camera Journal

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How Many Ways Do You Know to Move a
Liquid?

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• Acoustic Cavitation • Gravity
• Acoustic Vibrations • Inertia
• Archimedes‟ Principle • Ionic Exchange
• Bernoulli‟s Theorem • Jet Flow
• Boiling • Lorentz Force
• Brush Constructions • Magnetostriction
• Capillary Condensation • Mechanocaloric Effect
• Capillary Evaporation • Osmosis
• Capillary Pressure • Pascal Law
• Coanda Effect • Resonance
• Condensation • Shock Wave
• Coulomb‟s Law • Spiral
• Deformation • Super Thermal Conductivity
• Electrocapillary Effect • Superfluidity
• Electroosmosis • Surface Tension
• Electrophoresis • Thermal Expansion
• Electrostatic Induction • Thermocapillary Effect
• Ellipse • Thermomechanical Effect
• Evaporation • Ultrasonic Capillary Effect
• Ferromagnetism • Ultrasonic Vibrations
• Forced Oscillations • Use of foam
• Funnel Effect • Wetting Knowledge from all fields

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TRIZ: The Theory of Inventive Problem
Solving
The Direct Path
Can Be Elusive
Your Problem Your Solution
Generic Problem Generic Solution

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Lateral Benchmarking
Source:
http://www.takegreatpictures.com/content/images/pit_crew_racing_houston_gra.jpg

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De Bono’s Six Hats
Each hat signifies a thinking mode
White: The information hat
Visualize white paper with information written on it.
Red: The emotion hat
Visualize “seeing red,” passion, valentine hearts.
Black: The caution hat (note: this is not a cowboy “bad guy” hat)
Visualize dark consequences.
Yellow: The optimism hat
Visualize the yellow sunshine on a bight new day.
Green: The creativity hat
Visualize green pastures, open fields on which to roam.
Blue: The procedure hat
Visualize the sky over us, we work under the blue sky.

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De Bono’s Concept Fans
Meter water Increased efficiency of use
Charge for water use Reduced waste Reduce
Cope with a water shortage
consumption
Raise charge for water use Discourage use
Water only obtainable from Education
public sources
New sources
Water only at certain times
Recycling Increase
Put a harmless bad smell supply
into the water
Less wastage from source
Restrict discretionary use
Education
Publish names of heavy
users Stop water-using processes
Do without
Objective
Threaten to ration water Substitute other substances
Avoid need to use water
BROAD
IDEA CONCEPT CONCEPT

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Bisociation
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:
Sears_Tower_ss.jpg

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Blue Ocean Strategy
Source: Blue Ocean Strategy, W. Chan Kim & Renee
Mauborgne, Harvard Business School Press, 2005

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Nine Windows
Reference: Gamestorming: A playbook for Innovators, Rulebreakers and
ChangemakersDave Gray, S. Brown and J. Macanufo, O‟Reilly 2010

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The Search for the Problem
• Techniques to help make sure you‟re working on the right
problem
– Statement – Restatement
– Why – Why Diagram (aka „5 Why‟s‟)
– Present State – Future State
– Checklisting / Trigger Words
– Situation Analysis
Reference: Engineering bv Design, Gerard Voland, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2nd
edition 2004

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The Kano Model (Cont.)
+
Not Fully
Implemented 0 Implemented
-
Diagram adapted from the Kano Model, Noriako Kano, Yoko University

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Slides
• The slides shown here will be available via NCIIA
• If you want slides on the other topics, please email
Jonathan Weaver – they‟re free for classroom use – but if
you can help us make them better, we‟d appreciate it!

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Let’s Try Some Techniques
• De Bono‟s Provocation
• Trimming