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How can FLEGT be used to
achieve REDD objectives?
     Dr Ruth Nussbaum
         ProForest



         www.proforest.net
FLEGT and REDD
• The aim of FLEGT is
  to improve forest
  governance and
  support legality in
  the timber sector
• The aim of REDD+
  is to try to maintain
  (and enhance)
  existing forest
  carbon stocks
FLEGT/Forest Governance
         Programmes and REDD
• FLEGT and REDD are:
  –   Operating in the same countries
  –   Undertaken by many of the same actors
  –   Overlapping aims
  –   Overlapping processes
• Both involve international agreements
  and national implementation
The phased approach to REDD
      implementation
                       Identify drivers
  Phase 1:             Develop a plan           Payment for activities
  Planning       Develop REDD infrastructure


                 Implement support activities
                                                Payment for activities
  Phase 2:         eg improved governance
                                                Payment for results
  Readiness         Carry out pilot projects


                     Control emissions
   Phase 3:                                      Payment for results
                  Measure, report and verify
Implementation
Phase 1: Planning
• Countries need to identify the causes
  of forest loss and plan how they will
  be addressed
• Growing consensus that this should be
  done through a consultative process
  involving the whole range of actors
• FLEGT has used multi-stakeholder
  approaches and platforms
Phase 2: Policies and Measures
• Activities which are necessary for REDD but
  are not directly correlated to rates of forest
  loss: eg
  –   Improved governance
  –   Clarification of tenure and rights
  –   Building adequate capacity and human resources
  –   Improved monitoring and reporting
  –   Greater transparency and stakeholder
      involvement
• Many of these are addressed to some extent
  by FLEGT
Phase 3: Reducing emissions from
              forests
• Requires addressing the drivers of
  deforestation
Drivers of forest loss
• Commercial logging
• Illegal logging
• Energy (firewood, charcoal
  etc)
• Clearance for commercial
  agriculture
• Clearance for subsistence
  agriculture
• Illegal clearance for
  agriculture
• Infrastructure and mining
• Fire
Impact of FLEGT
Driver of deforestation     Direct Indirect
Commercial logging
Illegal logging
Energy                       ( )
Commercial agriculture
Subsistence agriculture
Illegal agriculture
Infrastructure and mining
Fire
Monitoring, Reporting and
        Verification (MRV)
• Many of the approaches being used
  for legality-related monitoring should
  be very useful for REDD monitoring
• Remote-sensing approaches (eg
  Imazon system in Brasil)
• Ground-based checks required for
  legality monitoring
Conclusions
• Clear overlap between FLEGT/governance
  programmes and some parts of REDD
• Potential for REDD to:
  – Learn from and build on FLEGT processes
  – Utilise FLEGT outcomes
• Where governance programmes (FLEGT or others)
  are already being implemented REDD should build
  on these and avoid undermining them
• Where it is necessary to improve governance in
  order to achieve REDD, a FLEGT/governance
  programme may be a way to do this
Thank you

Ruth@ProForest.net

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Nussbaum220110

  • 1. How can FLEGT be used to achieve REDD objectives? Dr Ruth Nussbaum ProForest www.proforest.net
  • 2. FLEGT and REDD • The aim of FLEGT is to improve forest governance and support legality in the timber sector • The aim of REDD+ is to try to maintain (and enhance) existing forest carbon stocks
  • 3. FLEGT/Forest Governance Programmes and REDD • FLEGT and REDD are: – Operating in the same countries – Undertaken by many of the same actors – Overlapping aims – Overlapping processes • Both involve international agreements and national implementation
  • 4. The phased approach to REDD implementation Identify drivers Phase 1: Develop a plan Payment for activities Planning Develop REDD infrastructure Implement support activities Payment for activities Phase 2: eg improved governance Payment for results Readiness Carry out pilot projects Control emissions Phase 3: Payment for results Measure, report and verify Implementation
  • 5. Phase 1: Planning • Countries need to identify the causes of forest loss and plan how they will be addressed • Growing consensus that this should be done through a consultative process involving the whole range of actors • FLEGT has used multi-stakeholder approaches and platforms
  • 6. Phase 2: Policies and Measures • Activities which are necessary for REDD but are not directly correlated to rates of forest loss: eg – Improved governance – Clarification of tenure and rights – Building adequate capacity and human resources – Improved monitoring and reporting – Greater transparency and stakeholder involvement • Many of these are addressed to some extent by FLEGT
  • 7. Phase 3: Reducing emissions from forests • Requires addressing the drivers of deforestation
  • 8. Drivers of forest loss • Commercial logging • Illegal logging • Energy (firewood, charcoal etc) • Clearance for commercial agriculture • Clearance for subsistence agriculture • Illegal clearance for agriculture • Infrastructure and mining • Fire
  • 9. Impact of FLEGT Driver of deforestation Direct Indirect Commercial logging Illegal logging Energy ( ) Commercial agriculture Subsistence agriculture Illegal agriculture Infrastructure and mining Fire
  • 10. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) • Many of the approaches being used for legality-related monitoring should be very useful for REDD monitoring • Remote-sensing approaches (eg Imazon system in Brasil) • Ground-based checks required for legality monitoring
  • 11. Conclusions • Clear overlap between FLEGT/governance programmes and some parts of REDD • Potential for REDD to: – Learn from and build on FLEGT processes – Utilise FLEGT outcomes • Where governance programmes (FLEGT or others) are already being implemented REDD should build on these and avoid undermining them • Where it is necessary to improve governance in order to achieve REDD, a FLEGT/governance programme may be a way to do this