5. The Dane invasion Old English was enriched by Scandinavian words: happy, ugly, wrong, die. This provided English with synonymous pairs Anglo-Saxon Norse wish want craft skill rear raise
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9. New Horizons As the age of Colonialism brought English to a new shores, native languages from Canada, Australia, South Africa and India enriched it with new vocabulary New Animals Kangaroo, chimpanzee New plants tea, tobacco Clothes pyjama, anorak British Empire map from Wikipedia Daughters of the British Empire
10. Modern English Modern English is half Germanic and half Romance, but it has acquired the largest vocabulary of any language by freely adopting words from countless languages. Old English (Anglo-Saxon) England, man, child, water, house Old Norse (Viking) seat, window, ill, ugly French : royal, beef, manu, hotel Latin : family, wine, school. Greek : telephone, grammar. Italian : crescendo, vibrato, belvedere, grotto, estragaganza. Spanish : cannibal, guerrilla, mosquito, tornado, vanilla. Portuguese : mermalade, flamingo. Dutch : yatch, boss, cookie, apartheid, commando, trek Gaelic/Irish : hooligan, clan, slogan, whisky. Japanese : kimono, tycoon, hara-kiri, samurai, tsunami. Hindi : guru, jungle, cheetah, shampoo, pyjamas, polo.
![From Small Beginnings ,[object Object],Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy Anglo-Saxon helmet Typical settlement](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)