Gasification of solid refuse fuel in a fixed bed reactor
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1. Researchers at Yonsei University studied gasification of solid refuse fuel in a fixed bed reactor to produce syngas. They analyzed the syngas composition and yield under different equivalence ratios and temperatures. 2. The syngas was primarily composed of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2. Higher equivalence ratios increased CO2 while decreasing H2, CO and CH4. The highest syngas yield occurred at an equivalence ratio of 0.2. 3. Emissions of pollutants like SOx and NOx increased with higher equivalence ratios. The lowest pollutant amounts were obtained at an equivalence ratio of 0.2.
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Gasification of solid refuse fuel in a fixed bed reactor
- 1. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Gasification of Solid Refuse Fuel in a Fixed Bed Reactor Md Tanvir Alam, Jang-Soo Lee, Won-Seok Yang, Se-Won Park, Sang-Yeop Lee, Yong-Chil Seo*, Seung-Ki Back, Sung Jin-Ho, Eun-Song Lee, AHM Mojammal Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea *Corresponding author: seoyc@yonsei.ac.kr Japan-Korea-China Joint Symposium on Energy and Environment Grand XIV Hatsushima Club, Shizuoka, Japan 28 October, 2016
- 2. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 3. Results and Discussion 4. Conclusion ContentContent
- 3. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction
- 4. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction Korean primary energy demand prediction Domestic primary energy demand is predicted 343 million TOE in 2030 according to avg.1.6 % increasing rate from 2006 to 2030 97.5 % of energy sources are imported from other countries Source: KEMCO, Reduction policy of green-house gas for green growth, 2010 <Demand prediction of primary energy source> <Demand prediction of final energy> coal petroleum LNG hydro power nuclear power renewable, etc industry transportation home/commerce public/etc conversion performance prospect performance prospect
- 5. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction Waste generation rate in Korea Source: Environment statistics yearbook, Korean Ministry of Environment
- 6. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction Conversion technology of generated energy from waste Waste MBT Mechanical Treatment Thermal Conversion Biological Conversion Gasification Combustion Pyrolysis /Thermolysis Anaerobic Digestion Liquefaction Indirect Liquefaction / Methanation Biogas Oil Bio-Alcohol Low Quality Syngas Flue Gas Crushing, Compressing, Pelletizing Pretreatment Residues Landfill Recycling Residues High Quality Syngas Oil Solid Fuel (RDF) Power Generation Further Processing Chemical Product CONCEPT PROCESS ENERGY CARRIER
- 7. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction Waste to energy(gases, fuels, chemicals) by gasification Syngas Clean-up Synthesis Gas Gasification Reactor Slag, Vitrified Slag, and/or Ash Wast e Power Generation + Electrical Energy + Steam Biochemical Process Fuels & Chemicals such as for example Ethanol, Methanol, Methane, and Others Chemistry Options Catalyst Hydrogen Catalyst Ethanol Mixed Alcohols Catalyst Olefins Catalyst Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG) Naphtha Kerosene/Diesel Lubes Catalyst Waxes Gasoline Catalyst Oxo chemicals e.g., Ketones Catalyst Synthetic Natural Gas Catalyst Ammonia Power Options Biochemistry Options Source: Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Conversion Processes, Gary C. Young
- 8. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction 1. Introduction Remarkable amount of MSW contains materials such as paper, plastics, textiles, wood etc., which can be efficiently be recycled for resource recovery. Solid refuse fuel(SRF) is an alternative fuel produced from the combustibles in MSW
- 9. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1. Introduction Purpose of research To find out the optimum condition for syngas production 1 2 To analyze the syngas characteristics, composition and trend
- 10. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 2. Materials and Methods
- 11. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 2. Materials and Methods Proximate analysis (wt.%) Moisture 16.48 Volatile 74.10 Fixed-C 3.18 Ash 6.23 Elemental analysis (wt.%) Dry basis C 61.27 H 9.15 O 29.05 N 0.07 S 0.06 Higher heating value (kcal/kg) 4,081 Basic characteristics
- 12. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 2. Materials and Methods TG curve of feedstock
- 13. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 2. Materials and Methods Schematic diagram of lab-scale reactor 1. feeder, 2. wind-box, 3. reactor, 4. cyclone, 5. wet scrubber, 6. silica gel, 7. micro-GC/gas analyzer, 8. dry gas meter
- 14. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 2. Materials and Methods Condition of gasification experiment Item Condition Feedstock Solid refuse fuel Temperature 900 o C Reactor type Fixed bed ER(Equivalent Ratio)* 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 Feeding rate 1 g/min Particle size of feedstock < 10 mm Gasification agent O2
- 15. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 3. Results and Discussion
- 16. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Results and Discussion Composition of syngas
- 17. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Results and Discussion Gas yield
- 18. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Results and Discussion Cold gas efficiency
- 19. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Results and Discussion Composition of pollutant
- 20. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 4. Conclusion
- 21. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY 4. Conclusion - The main components were H2, CO, CH4 and CO2. -With increasing ER, CO, H2 and CH4 concentration tended to decrease whereas CO2 tended to increase. - Highest syngas yield was obtained at ER 0.2 - Depending on ER, concentration of SOx ranged between 123-195 ppm and concentration of NOx ranged between 8-26 ppm -Both of the gaseous pollutants showed increasing trend with increasing ER. -At ER 0.2 lowest amount of gaseous pollutants were obtained Syngas characteristics of gasification Emission of gaseous pollutant
- 22. Air & Waste Engineering Laboratory YONSEI UNIVERSITY Thank You For Your Kind Attention
Editor's Notes
- I would like to discuss about ‘A study on gasification characteristics of fluff SRF in fixed and fluidized bed reactor’
- This is my content.
- This table shows conversion technology to generate energy from waste and biomass. Waste and biomass can be converted to energy through thermal, MBT, liquefaction. Pretreatment process makes residues, that can be used for recycling and landfill. Thermal conversion process divide gasification, pyrolysis and combustion. Gasification technology produce low quality syngas and Pyrolysis produce high quality syngas and oil. Combustion process makes flue gas and residues. MBT is mechanical biological treatment, mechanical treatment makes solid fuel through crushing, compressing, pelletizing. Biological treatment produce biogas through anaerobic digestion. Liquefaction makes oil, bio-alcohol through indirect and methanation. We can adopt all of the products for other chemicals process, we get the electricity using syngas, oil and heat.
- Waste fed in the gasification reactor, through gasification reaction it produces syngas and also makes residues example slag and ash. Later we clean the syngas, that can be used for producing electricity and steam generation or making chemicals through chemical process. It can be converted into Ethanol, methanol in biochemical process.
- Purpose of research is to find out the Syngas characteristics of waste gasification; composition and trend. This research is primary research for power plant co-gasification.
- Feedstock was made from household waste, as fluff type. In order to fed in the reactor, we conducted pretreatment, we packed in vinyl after milling under 10mm. Left 3 pictures are showing feedstock&apos;s and their condition. Using this experiments SRF, Proximate analysis results moisture 16%, volatile 74%, Fixed-Carbon 3% and 6% ash. Most of raw materials compose Carbon, Oxygen and hydrogen. The higher heating value is 4000kcal/kg.
- Feedstock was made from household waste, as fluff type. In order to fed in the reactor, we conducted pretreatment, we packed in vinyl after milling under 10mm. Left 3 pictures are showing feedstock&apos;s and their condition. Using this experiments SRF, Proximate analysis results moisture 16%, volatile 74%, Fixed-Carbon 3% and 6% ash. Most of raw materials compose Carbon, Oxygen and hydrogen. The higher heating value is 4000kcal/kg.
- This slide shows schematic diagram. No. 1 is semi-batch type feeder and No.2 used windbox in fluidized bed. No.3 is reactor, No.4 and 5 for produced gas treatment are cyclone and wet scrubber. No.7 is microGC, installed No6. silica gel before the 7. All gaseous pass into No8 drygas meter.
- This table is showing operating condition of gasification experiment. The temperature was 900 degrees Celsius, reactor type were fixed and bubbling fluidized bed. Equivalent ratio is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and feeding rate 1g/min. Feedstock sized is under 10mm, and gasification agent was oxygen.
- With Increasing ER, Syngas, HHV and Methane are showing decreasing trend. In case of carbon-dioxide, it is showing increasing trend with increasing ER. It appears this tendency is due to the input of the oxygen, with increased ER. Higher heating value of gas varied from 2200 to 2500 kcal/kg.
- This figure shows Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides of fixed and fluidized bed. with increasing ER, overall pollutants increased. The fixed bed reactor generated more pollutant than fluidized bed. As the residence time become longer, gasification reaction progressed further in fixed bed which generated more pollutants.
- This figure shows Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides of fixed and fluidized bed. with increasing ER, overall pollutants increased. The fixed bed reactor generated more pollutant than fluidized bed. As the residence time become longer, gasification reaction progressed further in fixed bed which generated more pollutants.
- This figure shows Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides of fixed and fluidized bed. with increasing ER, overall pollutants increased. The fixed bed reactor generated more pollutant than fluidized bed. As the residence time become longer, gasification reaction progressed further in fixed bed which generated more pollutants.