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Lambda Architecture
and Open Source Tools for
Real-time Big Data
● Concepts & Techniques “Thinking with Lambda”
● Case studies in Practice
Trieu Nguyen - http://nguyentantrieu.info or @tantrieuf31
Principal Engineer at eClick Data Analytics team, FPT Online
All contents and thoughts in this slide are my subjective ideas and compiled from
Communities
Just a little introduction
● 2008 Java Developer, developed Social
Trading Network for a small startup (Yopco)
● 2011 worked at FPT Online, software engineer
in Banbe Project, Restful API for VnExpress
Mobile App
● 2012 joined Greengar Studios in 6 months,
scaling backend API mobile games (iOS, Android)
● 2013 back to FPT Online, R&D about Big Data
& Analytics, developing the new core
Analytics Platform (on JVM Platform)
Contents for this talk
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

The lessons from history
Problems In Practice
What is the Lambda Architecture?
Why lambda architecture for real-time big
data ?
Open Source Technology Stack
Lambda in Practice (Mobile Data and Web Data)
Lessons I have learned
Questions & Answers
History ?
The best way to predict the future is
looking at the past and now ?
Big data is a buzzword for
old problems
Explaining Big Data
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7D1CQ_LOizA
Learning ?
Working ?
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Big Data + Old History
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tp4y-_VoXdA
This is Big DATA

This is most valuable things!
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
We can't solve problems
by using the same kind of
thinking we used when we
created them.
Albert Einstein
Think more with
Lambda and Reactive
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Where Big Data
can be used
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
BBC Horizon 2013 The Age of Big Data
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE0ITQ7XQjM
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Google’s mission is to

organize

the world’s information and make it
universally accessible and useful.
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Organize the world’s
information?
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
How did Google scale their search engine ?
How does Hadoop really work ?
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6087834/howscalable-is-mapreduce-in-the-original-functionallanguages
Trends of Now and the Future
MapReduce Programming
Reactive Programming
Functional Programming
Streaming Computation
=> All just the special cases of Lambda

●
●
●
●
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
So what is the λ
(Lambda)
Architecture ?
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
the Lambda Architecture:
● apply the (λ) Lambda philosophy in designing big data
system
● equation “query = function(all data)” which is the basis of
all data systems
● proposed by Nathan Marz (http://nathanmarz.com/), a
software engineer from Twitter in his “Big Data” book.
● is based on three main design principles:
○ human fault-tolerance – the system is unsusceptible to data loss or data
corruption because at scale it could be irreparable. (BUGS ?)
○ data immutability – store data in it’s rawest form immutable and for
perpetuity. (INSERT/ SELECT/DELETE but no UPDATE !)
○ recomputation – with the two principles above it is always possible to
(re)-compute results by running a function on the raw data.
Lambda In Practice
2 case studies from my experiences
Case Study 1:
Mobile Data
Monitor API Backend + System KPI
Problem:

Inside “mobile data”,
What's the most
valuable piece of
information
I applied
“Lambda”
here

Backend System for mobile app
Web vs Mobile App
Web
Visitors
Visits
Pageviews
Events

Mobile App
Users
Sessions
Events
Metrics: Cause and Effect
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

Screen Size => App Design, UI/UX, Usability
App version => Deployment, Marketing
Connectivity => Code, User Experience
Location => Marketing, User Behaviour
OS => Marketing, Cost, Development
Memory => User Experience
Feature Session => How to engage app users
The data and the size, not too big for a small
startup!

Where is the lambda ?
I used Groovy + GPars (Groovy Parallel Systems) + MongoDB for fast
parallel computation (actor model) on statistical data
http://gpars.codehaus.org/
The GPars framework offers Java developers intuitive and safe ways to handle
Java or Groovy tasks concurrently.
Support:
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

Dataflow concurrency
Actor programming model
CSP
Agent - an thread-safe reference to mutable state
Concurrent collection processing
Composable asynchronous functions
Fork/Join
STM (Software Transactional Memory)
Mobile Apps => Backend APIs =>
Statistics => Find the Trends & Insights?
Reactive Data
Analytics for
Mobile Apps
It means real-time recommendation
by:
➔ context (location, time)
➔ user profile (preferences, level,
...)
Big Data on Small Devices: Data Science goes Mobile
http://strataconf.com/strata2013/public/schedule/detail/27605
Case Study 2:
Web Data
● Real-time Data Analytics
● Monitoring Stream Data (Reactive)

http://eclick.vn
at eClick we must
check campaigns in
near-real-time
(seconds) !

at eClick we have
30~40 GB Logs in Stream
10~20 GB Bandwidth
just for tracking user
actions (click,
impression,...)
in ONE day !
at eClick we have many types of log (video, web,
mobile, system logs, ad-campaign, articles, … )
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
“lambda architecture”
proposed by @nathanmarz
Internet

Netty Http
Server

TCP Connection

Kafka
Akka Workers
Hadoop Tools

Storm

Redis

Redis

KPI Report
the open-source lambda architecture at eClick
The big-data technology stack
● Netty (http://netty.io/) a framework using reactive programming
pattern for scaling HTTP system easier, by JBoss http://www.jboss.org
● Kafka (http://kafka.apache.org/) a publish-subscribe messaging
rethought as a distributed commit log, open sourced by Linkedin
● Storm (http://storm-project.net/) the framework for distributed
realtime computation system, by Twitter
● Redis (http://redis.io/) a advanced key-value in-memory NoSQL
database, all fast statistical computations in here.
● Groovy for scripting layer on JVM, ad-hoc query on Redis
● Hadoop ecosystem: HDFS, Hive, HBase for batch processing
● RxJava https://github.com/Netflix/RxJava a library for composing
asynchronous and event-based programs
● Hystrix https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix : for Latency and Fault
Tolerance for Distributed Systems
My new ideas for the future
Connecting the active functor pattern + reactive programming +
stream computation + in-memory computing to make:
● real-time data analytics easier
● better recommendation system
● build more profitable in big data
More Information:
● http://activefunctor.blogspot.com/ (a special case of Lambda
that actively search best connections to form optimal
topology) - from ideas when internship at DRD with my
advisor.
● Can a function be persistent (stored as data), distributed in a
cluster (cloud), reactive to right data (best value in network) ?
● http://www.reactivemanifesto.org/ (reactive pattern)
Lessons
What I have learned from Lambda and Big
Data World
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
What I have learned
●
●
●
●
●

Study about lambda and read some books
Ask questions=> analytics=> Profit & Value
Collect any data you can, learn inside !
Implement it! Just right tools for right jobs.
Turn your data into the things everyone can
"look & feel"
read papers
Study the “lambda”
I studied Haskell in 2007 with Dr.Peter Gammie http://peteg.org/ when
internship at DRD (a non-profit organization).
● Imperative programs will always be vulnerable to data races because
they contain mutable variables.
● There are no data races in purely functional languages because they
don't have mutable variables.
Reading some books
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data
Improve your business knowledge !
=> read the Behavioral Economics Books

http://www.goodreads.com/shelf/show/behavioral-economics
Collect the data ?
Use your imagination is more than just
knowledge you have
Think more about Butterfly Effect!
Z;
om A to
fr
l get you you
il
“Logic w n will get
in
ginatio - Albert Einste
ima
.”
ywhere
ever
Use you
r
with da imagination
ta
just log analytics, not
ic

Learn Data
Visualization
Questions & Answers
The link of this slide is here:
● http://nguyentantrieu.info/blog/lambda-architecture-andopen-source-tools-for-real-time-big-data/
More useful resources:
● http://nguyentantrieu.info/blog
● http://www.mc2ads.com

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Lambda Architecture and open source technology stack for real time big data

  • 1. Lambda Architecture and Open Source Tools for Real-time Big Data ● Concepts & Techniques “Thinking with Lambda” ● Case studies in Practice Trieu Nguyen - http://nguyentantrieu.info or @tantrieuf31 Principal Engineer at eClick Data Analytics team, FPT Online All contents and thoughts in this slide are my subjective ideas and compiled from Communities
  • 2. Just a little introduction ● 2008 Java Developer, developed Social Trading Network for a small startup (Yopco) ● 2011 worked at FPT Online, software engineer in Banbe Project, Restful API for VnExpress Mobile App ● 2012 joined Greengar Studios in 6 months, scaling backend API mobile games (iOS, Android) ● 2013 back to FPT Online, R&D about Big Data & Analytics, developing the new core Analytics Platform (on JVM Platform)
  • 3. Contents for this talk ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● The lessons from history Problems In Practice What is the Lambda Architecture? Why lambda architecture for real-time big data ? Open Source Technology Stack Lambda in Practice (Mobile Data and Web Data) Lessons I have learned Questions & Answers
  • 4. History ? The best way to predict the future is looking at the past and now ?
  • 5. Big data is a buzzword for old problems
  • 10. Big Data + Old History http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tp4y-_VoXdA
  • 11. This is Big DATA This is most valuable things!
  • 13. We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them. Albert Einstein Think more with Lambda and Reactive
  • 18. BBC Horizon 2013 The Age of Big Data http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE0ITQ7XQjM
  • 23. Google’s mission is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.
  • 27. How did Google scale their search engine ? How does Hadoop really work ?
  • 30. Trends of Now and the Future MapReduce Programming Reactive Programming Functional Programming Streaming Computation => All just the special cases of Lambda ● ● ● ●
  • 32. So what is the λ (Lambda) Architecture ?
  • 35. the Lambda Architecture: ● apply the (λ) Lambda philosophy in designing big data system ● equation “query = function(all data)” which is the basis of all data systems ● proposed by Nathan Marz (http://nathanmarz.com/), a software engineer from Twitter in his “Big Data” book. ● is based on three main design principles: ○ human fault-tolerance – the system is unsusceptible to data loss or data corruption because at scale it could be irreparable. (BUGS ?) ○ data immutability – store data in it’s rawest form immutable and for perpetuity. (INSERT/ SELECT/DELETE but no UPDATE !) ○ recomputation – with the two principles above it is always possible to (re)-compute results by running a function on the raw data.
  • 36. Lambda In Practice 2 case studies from my experiences
  • 37. Case Study 1: Mobile Data Monitor API Backend + System KPI
  • 38. Problem: Inside “mobile data”, What's the most valuable piece of information
  • 40. Web vs Mobile App Web Visitors Visits Pageviews Events Mobile App Users Sessions Events
  • 41. Metrics: Cause and Effect ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Screen Size => App Design, UI/UX, Usability App version => Deployment, Marketing Connectivity => Code, User Experience Location => Marketing, User Behaviour OS => Marketing, Cost, Development Memory => User Experience Feature Session => How to engage app users
  • 42. The data and the size, not too big for a small startup! Where is the lambda ? I used Groovy + GPars (Groovy Parallel Systems) + MongoDB for fast parallel computation (actor model) on statistical data http://gpars.codehaus.org/ The GPars framework offers Java developers intuitive and safe ways to handle Java or Groovy tasks concurrently. Support: ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Dataflow concurrency Actor programming model CSP Agent - an thread-safe reference to mutable state Concurrent collection processing Composable asynchronous functions Fork/Join STM (Software Transactional Memory)
  • 43. Mobile Apps => Backend APIs => Statistics => Find the Trends & Insights?
  • 44. Reactive Data Analytics for Mobile Apps It means real-time recommendation by: ➔ context (location, time) ➔ user profile (preferences, level, ...)
  • 45. Big Data on Small Devices: Data Science goes Mobile http://strataconf.com/strata2013/public/schedule/detail/27605
  • 46. Case Study 2: Web Data ● Real-time Data Analytics ● Monitoring Stream Data (Reactive) http://eclick.vn
  • 47. at eClick we must check campaigns in near-real-time (seconds) ! at eClick we have 30~40 GB Logs in Stream 10~20 GB Bandwidth just for tracking user actions (click, impression,...) in ONE day ! at eClick we have many types of log (video, web, mobile, system logs, ad-campaign, articles, … )
  • 51. Internet Netty Http Server TCP Connection Kafka Akka Workers Hadoop Tools Storm Redis Redis KPI Report the open-source lambda architecture at eClick
  • 52. The big-data technology stack ● Netty (http://netty.io/) a framework using reactive programming pattern for scaling HTTP system easier, by JBoss http://www.jboss.org ● Kafka (http://kafka.apache.org/) a publish-subscribe messaging rethought as a distributed commit log, open sourced by Linkedin ● Storm (http://storm-project.net/) the framework for distributed realtime computation system, by Twitter ● Redis (http://redis.io/) a advanced key-value in-memory NoSQL database, all fast statistical computations in here. ● Groovy for scripting layer on JVM, ad-hoc query on Redis ● Hadoop ecosystem: HDFS, Hive, HBase for batch processing ● RxJava https://github.com/Netflix/RxJava a library for composing asynchronous and event-based programs ● Hystrix https://github.com/Netflix/Hystrix : for Latency and Fault Tolerance for Distributed Systems
  • 53. My new ideas for the future Connecting the active functor pattern + reactive programming + stream computation + in-memory computing to make: ● real-time data analytics easier ● better recommendation system ● build more profitable in big data More Information: ● http://activefunctor.blogspot.com/ (a special case of Lambda that actively search best connections to form optimal topology) - from ideas when internship at DRD with my advisor. ● Can a function be persistent (stored as data), distributed in a cluster (cloud), reactive to right data (best value in network) ? ● http://www.reactivemanifesto.org/ (reactive pattern)
  • 54. Lessons What I have learned from Lambda and Big Data World
  • 56. What I have learned ● ● ● ● ● Study about lambda and read some books Ask questions=> analytics=> Profit & Value Collect any data you can, learn inside ! Implement it! Just right tools for right jobs. Turn your data into the things everyone can "look & feel"
  • 58. Study the “lambda” I studied Haskell in 2007 with Dr.Peter Gammie http://peteg.org/ when internship at DRD (a non-profit organization). ● Imperative programs will always be vulnerable to data races because they contain mutable variables. ● There are no data races in purely functional languages because they don't have mutable variables.
  • 62. Improve your business knowledge ! => read the Behavioral Economics Books http://www.goodreads.com/shelf/show/behavioral-economics
  • 64. Use your imagination is more than just knowledge you have
  • 65. Think more about Butterfly Effect!
  • 66. Z; om A to fr l get you you il “Logic w n will get in ginatio - Albert Einste ima .” ywhere ever Use you r with da imagination ta just log analytics, not ic Learn Data Visualization
  • 67. Questions & Answers The link of this slide is here: ● http://nguyentantrieu.info/blog/lambda-architecture-andopen-source-tools-for-real-time-big-data/ More useful resources: ● http://nguyentantrieu.info/blog ● http://www.mc2ads.com