1. INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE STUDIES
W O R K
T E A M
S
UNIT INSTRUCTOR: WEEK ONE
MRS. JUSNANI
UNIT TITLE: DATE PRESENTATION:
PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATION 25/1/2012, WEDNESDAY
4. SOCIAL LOAFING
• Definition: The tendency for individuals to expend less
effort when working collectively than when working
individually.
• Causes:
CAUSES: EXAMPLE:
Belief that others in the team are not Following other team members habits –
carrying their fair share lazy
Dispersion of responsibility Team members responsibility – taking for
granted (to relax)
Sub-maximal goal setting Team members well defined goals &
working it out – less work for it
Non-cohesive team No bonding with team members and
created low-quality relationships
5. • Effect of Social Loafing:
it can cause negative consequences that affect both team and
individual. Example, lack of satisfaction can lead to disappointment
or depressed.
• Confronting the Social Loafing:
after trying to address the problem with the team members, they
should figured out the solution as a team.
• Preventing Social Loafing:
team leaders need to develop rules of conduct, create appropriate
group sizes, encourage team loyalty, specifically define the task,
create personal relationship, highlight achievement, manage
discussions and more.
• Reducing Social Loafing:
motivating each team members by doing Collaboration (everyone
involved in the team), Content (completing tasks properly) and
Choice (opportunities to choose the task they want to fulfill).
6. GROUPTHINK
• Definition: Phenomenon in which the norm
for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal
of alternative courses of action.
• Recommendations for avoiding Groupthink:
i. Team should discuss the symptoms of
groupthink and how to avoid them.
ii. Individuals should monitor their own
behavior for signs of groupthink and modify
behavior if needed.
iii. Team Leaders should break the group into
two subgroups from time to time.
7. EFFECTIVE TEAMS
• Definition: An effective team has unity of cohesion and effort
towards a common goal.
• Characteristics:
A team has a clear purpose, rules and goals. open communication
Team members participation consensus decisions-making
Listening to the instructions Conflicts and disagreements are openly
resolved
Team members understand the team constructive criticism and encouragement
process and priorities are extended to team members
Team members know about their roles, external relations
work assignments, honest, trust and
responsibilities.
Team members commitment in their works Shared their experiences, success and
leadership, and more.
8. • Identifying Successful Team:
by identifying some common characteristics of
effective teams that may have contributed to the
team’s success.
• Effective Teams:
Problem-solving focus is on how to improve the
processes rather than on how to fix people or correct
mistakes.
• Team Effectiveness:
Context, Composition, Work Design, and Process.
• Teams need the following skills to perform effectively:
i. Technical expertise and knowledge, skills and
experiences.
ii. Problem-solving and decision-making skills
iii. Interpersonal skills
10. CONCLUSION
• The introduction of teams into the work place has
greatly influenced employee jobs.
• High-performing teams have common
characteristics.
• Managers should have select individuals with
interpersonal skills, provide training to develop
teamwork skills, and reward individuals for co-
operative efforts in order to handle the
difficulties in creating team players.
11. • The effective teams in Social Loafing undermine
this tendency by holding themselves accountable
at both the individual and team level. They can
motivate each other and inspire people.
• Conflicts on a team in a groupthink is no
necessarily bad. It is often beneficial and good
because it lessens the likelihood of group think.
Effective teams will be characterized by an
appropriate level of conflict.
12. REFERENCES
NOTES: WEBSITES:
• http://celsim.com/teamwork-matters/
• TOPIC 10: • http://www.docstoc.com/docs/334186
GROUP BEHAVIOR 44/Effective-Teams
• http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Managing
_Groups_and_Teams/Social_Loafing
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_loaf
• TOPIC 11: ing
• http://www.web-
WORK TEAMS books.com/eLibrary/ON/B0/B58/070M
B58.html
• http://www.docstoc.com/docs/334186
44/Effective-Teams
• http://www.dive-hq.com/team-
building.html
• http://www.healthyteams.com.au/servi
ces/teamdevelopment/
13. END OF PRESENTATION
PRESENTED BY:
NUR HIDAYAH BINTI
ZULKIFLI
GROUP CODE:
HNDBM 11/02 (G1)
