Food processing presentation for bsc agriculture hons
Lukáš Marek - Spatial Clustering and Multivariate Statistics in Analysis of Infectious Diseases
1. Spatial Clustering and Multivariate Statistics in
Analysis of Infectious Diseases
Lukáš MAREK
This presentation is co-financed by the
European Social Fund and the state
budget of the Czech Republic
2. Why Geographical Information Systems?
Advanced methods for spatial analyses
Spatial statistics
Exploration of spatial pattern
Visualization and presentation for non-geographers
(doctors, specialist)
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
3. Spatial Analyses of Health Data - AOI
Disease mapping
Visual description of spatial variability of the disease incidence
Maps of incidence risk, identification of areas with high risk
Geographic correlation studies
Analysis of associations among the incidence and
environmental factors
Analyses of spatial pattern
Exploration of spatial and spatio-temporal patterns in data
Disease clusters, randomness, …
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
4. Health and Medical Data
require specific procedures because of their
confidentiality
management, presentation and operations
aggregated, anonymized or incomplete data sets
usage of suitable analytical procedures, while the
uncertainty and the inaccuracy of data characteristics
need to be taken into account during the analysis and
interpretation of results
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
5. Data Privacy
Health and medical data = private, confidential and
sensitive data
Keeping all available records but prevent their reidentification
Usefulness of the local scale analysis X privacy protection
Unlikely to explore the relations on the individual level
(and not necessary)
Availability, accessibility and restrictions
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
7. Objectives
Disease occurence as the event
Spatial evaluation of infectious diseases in Olomouc
Region, Czech Republic
Space, time, attributes
Spatial (point) pattern
Parotitis, Salmonella, Viral intestinal infections
Spatial evaluation of Campylobacter infection in the
Czech Republic
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
8. Campylobacteriosis
Campylobacter bacterium (C. jejuni)
Frequent
Often foodborne
Symptom are similar to salmonella
Poultry or fresh milk products
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
9. Data
Collaboration with Regional Public Health Service in Olomouc
and the National Institute of Public Health
EPIDAT database
Mandatory records about infectious diseases and patients,
manually fulfilled
Age, Sex, Date, Profession, Place of residence, infection, isolation,
…
2008 - 2012
≈ 100 000 records
(weakly) Anonymized
Aggregation
Hexagons with the size of average cadastral unit, administrative
units
EUROSTAT population grid
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
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15. Identification of Spatial Processes
Estimation of the nature of phenomenon
Plenty of methods
Testing of Complete Spatial Randomness
Global vs. Local
Graphical vs. Numerical
Or other spatial processes
Scale dependency
Bayesian modelling
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
17. 2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
18. Local Moran‘s I with EB Rate
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
19. Multivariate Clustering
Similarity searching in
attribute space
Classification of areas with
related properties of
occuring diseases and their
parameters
Classification of similar
cases
Without spatial relations
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
20. 2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
21. 2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
22. Problems / Challenges
Geocoding
Aggregation
Age / Population standardization
Neighbourhood estimation
Modifiable areal unit problem
Probability distribution of the disease occurrence
Underlying processes
Under / Overestimation of results leading to
misinterpretation
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
23. Future work
Spatio-temporal analysis
(More of) Bayesian modelling and smoothing
Multivariate statistics with spatial relations
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc
24. Thank you for your attention
2nd InDOG Doctoral Conference, 14th October - 15th October 2013, Olomouc