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Kotler mm13e media_09
1.
Creating Brand Equity Marketing Management,
13th ed 9
2.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-2 Chapter Questions • What is a brand and how does branding work? • What is brand equity? • How is brand equity built, measured, and managed? • What are the important decisions in developing a branding strategy?
3.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-3 ESPN: A Strong Brand
4.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-4 Steps in Strategic Brand Management • Identifying and establishing brand positioning • Planning and implementing brand marketing • Measuring and interpreting brand performance • Growing and sustaining brand value
5.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-5 What is a Brand? A brand is a name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them, intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of competitors.
6.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-6 The Role of Brands Identify the maker Simplify product handling Organize accounting Offer legal protection
7.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-7 The Role of Brands Signify quality Create barriers to entry Serve as a competitive advantage Secure price premium
8.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-8 What is Branding? Branding is endowing products and services with the power of the brand.
9.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-9 What is Brand Equity? Brand equity is the added value endowed on products and services, which may be reflected in the way consumers, think, feel, and act with respect to the brand.
10.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-10 Brand Knowledge Knowledge Thoughts Experiences Beliefs Images Feelings
11.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-11 Advantages of Strong Brands • Improved perceptions of product performance • Greater loyalty • Less vulnerability to competitive marketing actions • Less vulnerability to crises • Larger margins • More inelastic consumer response • Greater trade cooperation • Increased marketing communications effectiveness • Possible licensing opportunities
12.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-12 Apple is a Strong Brand
13.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-13 What is a Brand Promise? A brand promise is the marketer’s vision of what the brand must be and do for consumers.
14.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-14 Burger King Builds Its Brand with Social Connectivity
15.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-15 Brand Equity Models • Brand Asset Valuator • Aaker Model • BRANDZ • Brand Resonance
16.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-16 BAV Key Components Differentiation Energy Relevance Esteem Knowledge
17.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-17 Figure 9.3 Brand Dynamics Pyramid Presence Relevance Performance Advantage Bonding Strong Relationship Weak Relationship
18.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-18 Aaker Model Brand Identity Extended Identity Elements Brand Essence Core Identity Elements
19.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-19 Figure 9.4 Brand Resonance Pyramid
20.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-20 Drivers of Brand Equity Brand Elements Marketing Activities Meaning Transference
21.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-21 Brand Elements Elements Slogans Brand names URLs Logos Symbols Characters
22.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-22 Brand Element Choice Criteria • Memorable • Meaningful • Likeability • Transferable • Adaptable • Protectible
23.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-23 Slogans • Like a good neighbor, State Farm is there • Just do it • Nothing runs like a Deere • Save 15% or more in 15 minutes or less • We try harder • We’ll pick you up • Nextel – Done • Zoom Zoom • I’m lovin’ it • Innovation at work • This Bud’s for you • Always low prices
24.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-24 Designing Holistic Marketing Activities Personalization Integration Internalization
25.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-25 Internal Branding • Choose the right moment • Link internal and external marketing • Bring the brand alive for employees
26.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-26 Figure 9.5 Secondary Sources of Brand Knowledge
27.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-27 Measuring Brand Equity Brand Audits Brand Tracking Brand Valuation
28.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-28 Table 9.2 The 10 Most Valuable Brands Brand 2006 Brand Value (Billions) Coca-Cola $67.00 Microsoft $56.93 IBM $56.20 GE $48.91 Intel $38.32 Nokia $30.13 Toyota $27.94 Disney $27.85 McDonald’s $27.50 Mercedes-Benz $22.13
29.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-29 Managing Brand Equity Brand Reinforcement Brand Revitalization Brand Crises
30.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-30 Interbrand’s Steps in Calculating Brand Equity • Market segmentation • Financial analysis • Role of branding • Brand strength • Brand value calculation
31.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-31 Devising a Branding Strategy Develop new brand elements Apply existing brand elements Use a combination of old and new
32.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-32 Branding Terms • Brand line • Brand mix • Brand extension • Sub-brand • Parent brand • Family brand • Line extension • Category extension • Branded variants • Licensed product • Brand dilution • Brand portfolio
33.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-33 Brand Naming Individual names Blanket family names Separate family names Corporate name- individual name combo
34.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-34 Reasons for Brand Portfolios • Increasing shelf presence and retailer dependence in the store • Attracting consumers seeking variety • Increasing internal competition within the firm • Yielding economies of scale in advertising, sales, merchandising, and distribution
35.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-35 Brand Roles in a Brand Portfolio Flankers Low-end Entry-level High-end Prestige Cash Cows
36.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-36 Marketing Debate Are brand extensions good or bad? Take a position: 1. Brand extensions can endanger brands. or 2. Brand extensions are an important brand-growth strategy.
37.
Copyright © 2009
Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9-37 Marketing Discussion How can you relate the different models brand equity presented in this chapter? How are they similar? Different? Can you reconstruct a brand-equity Model that incorporates the best of each?
Notas do Editor
Video icon links to snippet on Swiss Army’s brand extensions.
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