Euro Foo 2004 talk on 3D printing, very basic introduction.

1. Printing in 3D
Euro Foo ‘04
Arthur, James & Simon

2. quot;Where a calculator on the ENIAC is
equipped with 18,000 vacuum tubes
and weighs 30 tons, computers in the
future may have only 1,000 vacuum
tubes and perhaps weigh 1.5 tons.”
- Popular Mechanics, 1949.
2

3. Awareness
3

4. What are 3D printers?
4

5. What are 3D printers?
 Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
4

6. What are 3D printers?
 Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
3D printer
(Solidimension concept modeller)
4

7. What are 3D printers?
 Machines that produce physical objects from
digital data.
3D printer Physical objects
(Solidimension concept modeller)
4

8. Science Fiction?

9. Science Fiction?
It is very real and the technology is
used today.

10. Where is it used?
6

11. Where is it used?
 Everywhere from
making shoes
6

12. Where is it used?
 Everywhere from
making shoes
 And building tank parts
6

13. Where is it used?
 Everywhere from
making shoes
 And building tank parts
 To medical
applications
X- Print
6 Ray

14. How do they work?
7

15. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
7

16. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
7

17. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

18. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

19. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

20. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

21. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

22. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

23. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

24. How do they work?
 Many different technologies (see “Rapid Prototyping and
Tooling”, A. Maier)
 Develop solid objects and electronics by
building in layers.
 Most interesting
use “inkjet”
technology.
7

25. How big are the machines?
8

26. How big are the machines?
 Used to be
8

27. How big are the machines?
 But
Used to be
technology
changes
8

28. How big are the machines?
 But to be
Used gets
 And
technology
smaller
changes
8

29. How big are the machines?
 But to be
Used gets
 And2004, a
 In
technology
smaller
desktop
changes
version is
expected to
be released.
8

30. How big are the machines?
 But to be
Used gets
 And2004, a
 In
technology
smaller
desktop
changes
version is
expected to
be released.
Cost $19,000
8

31. State of the industry
Rapid Prototyping Rapid Manufacturing
(RP) (RM)
concept models Finished products
1987 1990 2003 2004
9

32. Why should we be aware?
10

33. Why should we be aware?
 Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
10

34. Why should we be aware?
 Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
 3D printing is such a disruptive technology.
10

35. Why should we be aware?
 Machines which can build other machines
impact the traditional manufacturing model
(e.g. nanotechnology)
 3D printing is such a disruptive technology.
 There are future implications - Printers
which Print Printers, Open source design
etc.
10

36. Summary
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37. Summary
 This technology:
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38. Summary
 This technology:
 Is very real
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39. Summary
 This technology:
 Is very real
 Prints customised objects
and electronics.
11

40. Summary
 This technology:
 Is very real
 Prints customised objects
and electronics.
 High value $700,000,000
$525,000,000
Services
($257M)
$350,000,000
Hardware
($176M)
$175,000,000
Consumables
($94M)
$0
11

41. Interest
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42. 3D printing Markets
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43. 3D printing Markets
Commercial
Prototyping
13

44. 3D printing Markets
Commercial Rapid
Prototyping Manufacturing
13

45. 3D printing Markets
Commercial Rapid
Prototyping Manufacturing
Consumer 3D
Printing
13

46. Commercial Prototyping
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47. Commercial Prototyping
 Concept models.
14

48. Commercial Prototyping
 Concept models.
 ZCorp has a 32% market share. (Wohler, Rapid Prototyping 2004)
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49. Commercial Prototyping
 Concept models.
 ZCorp has a 32% market share. (Wohler, Rapid Prototyping 2004)
 Currently use HP printer
heads.
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50. Rapid Manufacturing
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51. Rapid Manufacturing
 Finished goods.
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52. Rapid Manufacturing
 Finished goods.
 Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 -
Loughborough University)
15

53. Rapid Manufacturing
 Finished goods.
 Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 -
Loughborough University)
 “Print” in metals, plastics and polymers. NB
patents for inkjet printing electronic circuits.
15

54. Rapid Manufacturing
 Finished goods.
 Cost effective for short product runs (less than 6,000 -
Loughborough University)
 “Print” in metals, plastics and polymers. NB
patents for inkjet printing electronic circuits.
 Allows for mass customisation.
15

55. Science Fiction?

56. Science Fiction?
In Sweden they already “print”
hearing aids customised to the
individual patient.

57. Consumer 3D printing
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58. Consumer 3D printing
 “Printing” physical objects at home.
17

59. Consumer 3D printing
 “Printing” physical objects at home.
 Instant delivery & customisation.
17

60. Why?
18

61. Why?
 Consumers benefits
are customisation,
cost and delivery.
18

62. Why?
Design
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

63. Why?
Design
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

64. Why?
Design
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

65. Why?
Design
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Printers
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

66. Why?
Design
Design
consumable
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Printers
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

67. Why?
Design
Design
consumable
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Printers Material
consumable
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
18

68. Why?
Design
Design
consumable
 Consumers benefits Tools & Machinery
are customisation, Factory Space
cost and delivery. Production Raw Materials & & RM Stock
Raw Materials RM Stock
Labour
Printers Material
consumable
Overhead
Warehouse
Distribution Shipping
Overhead
 For manufacturers, the threat is that capital cost
barriers for new competitors are removed.
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69. How big is this?
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70. How big is this?
 Home Products is a $1 trillion market.
(extrapolated from a $350 billion US Market, US Economic overview 2003)
19

71. How big is this?
 Home Products is a $1 trillion market.
(extrapolated from a $350 billion US Market, US Economic overview 2003)
 Unexploited
Henry C. Co, Technology and Operations Management,
CSU.
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72. Summary
20

73. Summary
Rapid
Commercial Manufacturin
Prototyping
 Three new markets g
Consumer 3D
Printing
20

74. Summary
Rapid
Commercial Manufacturin
Prototyping
 Three new markets g
Consumer 3D
Printing
 Uses well known technology
20

75. Summary
Rapid
Commercial Manufacturin
Prototyping
 Three new markets g
Consumer 3D
Printing
 Uses well known technology
 Relatively unexploited.
20

76. Market Trends
21

77. Trends.
22

78. Trends.
 Hardware & consumables is worth $270M p.a.
and expected to grow to $330M per year by
2006.
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79. Trends.
 Hardware & consumables is worth $270M p.a.
and expected to grow to $330M per year by
2006.
$500,000,000
$375,000,000
Add-on services est.
Add-on services
$250,000,000 Hardware est.
Hardware
Consumables est.
Consumables
$125,000,000
$0
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80. Machine sales
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81. Machine sales
 The underlying volume of RP machines sold
shows a high growth level
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82. Machine sales
 The underlying volume of RP machines sold
shows a high growth level
2000
1500
3D Machines Estimated
1000 3D Machines sold
500
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
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83. Patent Growth
24

84. Patent Growth
 Gives an idea of the future interest in a market.
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85. Patent Growth
 Gives an idea of the future interest in a market.
400
+21%
300
Growth in
RP patents
200
issued.
+231 new
100
RP patents
in 2003
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
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86. Thank you
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87. Also available in colour.
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