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fo"k;& Þi<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh lkFkZd igy gsrq dqN xfrfof/k;ka vkSj f'k{kd f'k{kk esa fo|ky;
vk/kkfjr fdz;kdykiksa dh izd`frß
'kks/kdrkZ& lquhy ckxoku
ifjp;&
Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ds eqyHkwr dkS'kyksa ds :Ik esa i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk lh[kkus dks egRoiw.kZ dkS'ky ekuk tkrk
gSA gekjh fo|ky; iz.kkyh dk cgqr tksj bl ckr ij jgrk gS fd cPps vkjafHkd d{kkvksa ls gh
i<+us&fy[kus yx tk,A ;g dkS'ky brus egRoiw.kZ ekus tkrs gSa fd f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k bUgha eqn~nksa ij
dsfUnzr dj fn, tkrs gSaA1
dbZ laLFkku f'k{kk dh xq.koRrk ds Ik;kZ; ds :i esa bl dkS'ky dks ns[krs gSa]
blhfy, dbZ jk"Vª O;kihs losZ{k.k dsoy ;g irk yxkus ds fy, fd, tkrs gS fd veqd d{kk ds cPpksa
dks i<+uk&fy[kuk vkrk gS ;k ughA i<+us vkSj fy[kus dh ;kaf=d le> ls ;qDr ;g loZs{k.k Hkh bu
dkS'kyksa dh fpark tud fLFkfr;ka gh is'k djrs gSaA bu fofHkUu iz;klksa esa i<+us vkSj fy[kus ds ckjsa esa
lkekU; ekU;rk ,d dkS'ky rd lhfer utj vkrh gSA ;g ekU;rk vkSj vko;';drk ls vf/kd tksj
i<+us fy[kus ds dkS'ky dks vFkZ fuekZ.k o vfHkO;fDr ls dkVdj ,d ;kaf=d fdz;k esa cny nsrk gaSA
Ldwyh f'k{kk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ y{; cPps dks bl izdkj ls lk{kj cukuk gksuk pkfg, fd cPpk le>us
ds lkFk i<+us o fy[kus dh {kerk gkfly dj ldsA /khjs&/khjs og i<+us&fy[kus esa vkRefuHkZj cus o
Lo;a gh Kku ds fofHkUu lzksrksa rd igq¡pus] mudks i<+dj le>us] fo'ys"k.k djus dh dkfcfy;r izkIr
dj ldsA2
fo|ky; iz.kkyh esa f'k{kdksa] f'k{kd&izf'k{kdksa rFkk vdknfed laLFkkuksa }kjk ;g le>us ij cgqr de
tksj jgrk gS fd i<+us&fy[kus ds O;kid ek;us D;k gSa] vkSj bUgsa le>rs gq, i<+us fy[kusa ds lkFkZd o
vFkZiw.kZ ekSds cPpksa dks fdl izdkj fn, tk, ;s ekSds fo|ky; Lrj ij miyC/k djkus ds fy,
vdknfed lg;ksxdrkZ ds }kjk fdl izdkj ls f'k{kdksa dks vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djsa
izLrqr iPkkZ fdz;kRed 'kks/k izkfof/k ds }kjk i<+us&fy[kus ds O;kid lanHkksZsa esa d{kkxr izfdz;kvksa ds
fu;kstu dk ,d lpsr iz;kl gSA ;g iz;kl NRrhlx<+ jkT; ds /kerjh ftys ds exjyksM Cykd esa
fLFkr ,d izkFkfed fo|ky; xzke&cdksjh esa ;g iz;kl x;k FkkA bl 'kks/k esa nks utfj;sa 'kkfey
gSa&cPpksa ds lkFk dke dSls fd;k tk, rFkk f'k{kd f'k{kk dks dSls 'kkfey fd;k tk,A
mn~ns';&
1&izkFkfed fo|ky; cdksjh esa cPpksa dks i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh xfrfof/k;ksa] lkexzh o izfdz;koksa esa
fufgr laHkkoukvksa o pqukSfr;ksa dks le>ukA
2&izkFkfed fo|ky; cdksjh esa cPpksa ds iBu&ys[ku lao/kZu gsrq f'kf{kdk ds }kjk cPpksa ds lkFk fd, tk
jgs dke esa vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djrs gq, f'k{kd f'k{kk dk;Zdzeksa esa fo|ky; vk/kkfjr fdz;kdykiksa
dh izd`fr dks le>ukA
'kks/k izfdz;k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa esa izkIr vkadMsa vkSj mudk fo'ys’k.k rFkk ifj.kke
1 NRrhlx<+ lfgr vU; dbZ jkT;ksa esa o"kZ 2014&15 dk lsokdkfyu izf'k{k.k Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ij dsfUnzr jgk Fkk] pwfdz jk"Vª
O;kih losZ{k.kksaZ esa cPpks dh iBu ys[ku esa fLFkfr;ka fiNM+h gqbZ FkhA
2 jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk&2005
pj.k&1 bl pj.k esa d{kk voyksduksa] cPpksa ds iBu&ys[ku izfdz;kvksa ds uewuksa dk voyksdu] f'kf{kdk
o cPpksa ls ckrphr vkfn ds mijkUr Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ds ifjn`'; ls lacaf/kr vkadMksa dk fo'ys"k.k o izkIr
ifj.kke bl izdkj gS&
1. fo|ky;h f'kf{kdk }kjk vkerkSj ij i<+us ls rkRi;Z cPps ds }kjk fyfi fpUgksa dks mPpkfjr dj ikus
rFkk fy[kus ls rkRi;Z bu izfrdksa dks dkxt ij cuk ikus dh {kerk ls fy;k tkrk gSA
2. bl {kerk ds fodkl ds fy, gh muds }kjk vf/kdka'k dok;nsa djokbZ tkrh gSaaA tSls&o.kZekyk
igpku] o.kZekyk ys[ku] ,d gh o.kZ dks ckj&ckj fy[kokuk] vekf=d 'kCn fuekZ.k] IkBu o mudk
ys[ku vkfn ls vkjaHk dj fofHkUu o.kkZs esa ek=k tksM+dj /ofu;ksa esa gksus okys ifjorZu fl[kkuk o
dze'k% ,d&,d ek=k vk/kkfjr 'kCn mPpkj.k] iBu vkSj mudk ys[ku djokuk vkfn djok;k tkrk
gSA
3. lHkh d{kkvksa esa vuqdj.k okpu ¼f'kf{kdk@fdlh ,d Nk= }kjk ikB~;iqLrd ls fdlh ikB ds 'kCnksa
dks dze'k% i<+k tkrk gS o vU; Nk=&Nk=kvksa }kjk mu 'kCnksa ij dze'k% gkFk j[krs gq, mUgs /;ku
ls ns[kuk o nksgjkuk½ Hkh djok;k tkrk gSA
4. fo|ky; esa feyus okys Lusgiw.kZ ekgkSy esa bl iwjh dok;n ds ek/;e ls ckj&ckj o fu;fer
ekSf[kd o fyf[kr vH;kl djrs gq, fyfi fpUgksa dk mPpkj.k vkSj mUgsa dkxt ij cukuk vf/kdka'k
cPps lh[k pqds gaSA
5. fdlh ikB~; lkexzh dks i<+us ds izfr mRlkg o lkspdj viuh ckr fy[kus dh rRijrk dk vkHkko
gSA
pj.k&2 mijksDr ifjn`'; ij f'kf{kdk ds lkFk feydj fo|ky; esa iz;qDr i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh
xfrfof/k;ksa] lkexzh o izfdz;koksa ij dbZ lokyksa ds ek/;e lekykspukRed <ax ls ppkZ dh xbZ vkSj
fofHkUu pqukSfr;ksa dh igpku dj laHkkfor fodYiksa dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k x;kA
bl izfdz;k ds nkSjku ,d vf/kxedrkZ ds :i esa f'kf{kdk us iz;qDr f'k{k.k izfdz;k vkSj lkexzh ls
lacaf/kr lhekvksa dh igpku dj ikbZ] dHkh&dHkh f'kf{kdk us mRlkg ds lkFk dqN oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ka
lq>kbZ vkSj dHkh&dHkh ;g pqukSrh eglwl dh fd fu;fer djok;h tkus okyh bu xfrfof/k;ksa ds vykok
cPpksa dks i<uk vkSj fy[kuk lh[kkus ds fy, vkSj D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS
oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ksa dh [kkst o fu/kkZj.k ds fy, &
oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ksa dh [kkst o fu/kkZj.k ds fy, ,d dsfUnz; fl)kar r; fd;k fd xfrfof/k;ka ,slh gks
tks vFkZ fuekZ.k dh laHkkoukvksa dks c<k+ok ns vkSj cPpksa dks vius fopkjksa dks ekSf[kd o fyf[kr :i esa
vfHkO;fDr ds volj miyC/k djk,A
mijksDr fl)kar dks /;ku esa j[kdj fofHkUUk varjky ij f'kf{kdk ds lkFk foe'kZ vkSj v/;;u ds ek/;e
ls d{kk esa djokbZ tk ldus okyh xfrfof/k;ka rS;kj dh xbZA
pj.k&3 f'kf{kdk ds }kjk 'kks/k&xfrfof/k;ksa dk d{kk esa vk;kstu ds nkSjku d{kk&voyksdu dj muls
lfe{kkRed ppkZ djuk o f'kf{kdk ds lkFk feydj cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djukA
f'kf{kdk us mRlkg iwoZd 'kks/k xfrfof/k;ksa dks fofHkUu d{kkvksa esa vk;ksftr fd;kA xfrfof/k;ksa ds
vk;kstu ds ckn cPpks dh Hkk"kkbZ n{krkvksa ds vuqlkj xfrfof/k;ksa ds fu/kkZj.k ls lacaf/kr foe'kZ dh
vko';drk muds }kjk eglwl dh xbZA esjs }kjk fd, x, d{kk voyksduksa esa f'kf{kdk ds }kjk fn,
tkus okys lkewfgd funZs'ku ds lkFk&lkFk cPpksa ls O;fDrxr ckrphr dh vko';drk dks igpkuk x;kA
esjs }kjk lkIrkfgd@ikf{kd d{kkvoyksdu vkSj vdknfed lg;ksx 'kks/k mn~ns'; dks /;ku esa j[kdj
fujarj tkjh gS---A
foxr l=kar rd
I. gjsd cPps ¼fo'ks’kdj d{kk 1 ls ysdj 5 rd ds os cPps tks pqi jgrs Fks] o.kZekyk izfrdksa vkSj ikB~;
oLrq dks mPpkfjr Hkh ugh dj ikrs Fks½ dh Hkkxhnkjh lfdz; gks pqdh gSA
II. i<+uk lh[kus dh izfdz;k esa cPps vius iwoZ vuqHkoksa vkSj vankt yxkdj i<+us dk bLrseky djrs gSaA
III. cPpksa i<+us ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSa vkSj fdlh Hkh ikB~; ds okD; dks xfr ds lkFk i<+us yxs gSa] cuus
okys vFkZ ds vk/kkj ij viuh okD; lajpukvksa esa Lo;a cnyko djrs gSA
IV. cPps viuh ckr dks fy[kus ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSA
V. lfp= cky iqLrdksa esa nh xbZ dforkvksa] dgkfu;ksa dks xfr ds lkFk i<+rs gSa vkSj muesa dgha xbZ ckr
dks vius 'kCnksa esa lqukus yxs gSaA
VI. cPps viuh :ph dh fdrkcsa ekaxrs gSa] i<+rs gSa vkSj vkil esa ckrfpr djrs gSaA
VII. f'kf{kdk cPpksa ds }kjk }kjk iznf'kZr i<+us&fy[kus dh izfdz;kvksa dks ns[kdj mRlkfgr gS vkSj os
bl 'kks/k dk;Zdze dks i<+uk fy[kuk fl[kkus dh ,d lkFkZd igy ds :i esa ns[krh gSA
VIII. f'kf{kdk d{kk dk;Z ds nkSjku cPpksa dks lkewfgd funsZ'k nsrh gSa o muls O;fDrxr ckrphr Hkh
djrh gSaA ftlls gjsd cPpksa ds ckjsa esa mudk voyksdu vkSj xgjk gqvk gSA
IX. f'kf{kdk cPpksa ds dke ds fofHkUu uewuksa dk laxzg.k vkSj fo'ys"k.k d{kk dk;Z ds ckn Lo;a ls Hkh
djrh gSaA

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Abstract Final

  • 1. fo"k;& Þi<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh lkFkZd igy gsrq dqN xfrfof/k;ka vkSj f'k{kd f'k{kk esa fo|ky; vk/kkfjr fdz;kdykiksa dh izd`frß 'kks/kdrkZ& lquhy ckxoku ifjp;& Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ds eqyHkwr dkS'kyksa ds :Ik esa i<+uk vkSj fy[kuk lh[kkus dks egRoiw.kZ dkS'ky ekuk tkrk gSA gekjh fo|ky; iz.kkyh dk cgqr tksj bl ckr ij jgrk gS fd cPps vkjafHkd d{kkvksa ls gh i<+us&fy[kus yx tk,A ;g dkS'ky brus egRoiw.kZ ekus tkrs gSa fd f'k{kdksa ds izf'k{k.k bUgha eqn~nksa ij dsfUnzr dj fn, tkrs gSaA1 dbZ laLFkku f'k{kk dh xq.koRrk ds Ik;kZ; ds :i esa bl dkS'ky dks ns[krs gSa] blhfy, dbZ jk"Vª O;kihs losZ{k.k dsoy ;g irk yxkus ds fy, fd, tkrs gS fd veqd d{kk ds cPpksa dks i<+uk&fy[kuk vkrk gS ;k ughA i<+us vkSj fy[kus dh ;kaf=d le> ls ;qDr ;g loZs{k.k Hkh bu dkS'kyksa dh fpark tud fLFkfr;ka gh is'k djrs gSaA bu fofHkUu iz;klksa esa i<+us vkSj fy[kus ds ckjsa esa lkekU; ekU;rk ,d dkS'ky rd lhfer utj vkrh gSA ;g ekU;rk vkSj vko;';drk ls vf/kd tksj i<+us fy[kus ds dkS'ky dks vFkZ fuekZ.k o vfHkO;fDr ls dkVdj ,d ;kaf=d fdz;k esa cny nsrk gaSA Ldwyh f'k{kk dk lcls egRoiw.kZ y{; cPps dks bl izdkj ls lk{kj cukuk gksuk pkfg, fd cPpk le>us ds lkFk i<+us o fy[kus dh {kerk gkfly dj ldsA /khjs&/khjs og i<+us&fy[kus esa vkRefuHkZj cus o Lo;a gh Kku ds fofHkUu lzksrksa rd igq¡pus] mudks i<+dj le>us] fo'ys"k.k djus dh dkfcfy;r izkIr dj ldsA2 fo|ky; iz.kkyh esa f'k{kdksa] f'k{kd&izf'k{kdksa rFkk vdknfed laLFkkuksa }kjk ;g le>us ij cgqr de tksj jgrk gS fd i<+us&fy[kus ds O;kid ek;us D;k gSa] vkSj bUgsa le>rs gq, i<+us fy[kusa ds lkFkZd o vFkZiw.kZ ekSds cPpksa dks fdl izdkj fn, tk, ;s ekSds fo|ky; Lrj ij miyC/k djkus ds fy, vdknfed lg;ksxdrkZ ds }kjk fdl izdkj ls f'k{kdksa dks vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djsa izLrqr iPkkZ fdz;kRed 'kks/k izkfof/k ds }kjk i<+us&fy[kus ds O;kid lanHkksZsa esa d{kkxr izfdz;kvksa ds fu;kstu dk ,d lpsr iz;kl gSA ;g iz;kl NRrhlx<+ jkT; ds /kerjh ftys ds exjyksM Cykd esa fLFkr ,d izkFkfed fo|ky; xzke&cdksjh esa ;g iz;kl x;k FkkA bl 'kks/k esa nks utfj;sa 'kkfey gSa&cPpksa ds lkFk dke dSls fd;k tk, rFkk f'k{kd f'k{kk dks dSls 'kkfey fd;k tk,A mn~ns';& 1&izkFkfed fo|ky; cdksjh esa cPpksa dks i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh xfrfof/k;ksa] lkexzh o izfdz;koksa esa fufgr laHkkoukvksa o pqukSfr;ksa dks le>ukA 2&izkFkfed fo|ky; cdksjh esa cPpksa ds iBu&ys[ku lao/kZu gsrq f'kf{kdk ds }kjk cPpksa ds lkFk fd, tk jgs dke esa vdknfed lg;ksx iznku djrs gq, f'k{kd f'k{kk dk;Zdzeksa esa fo|ky; vk/kkfjr fdz;kdykiksa dh izd`fr dks le>ukA 'kks/k izfdz;k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa esa izkIr vkadMsa vkSj mudk fo'ys’k.k rFkk ifj.kke 1 NRrhlx<+ lfgr vU; dbZ jkT;ksa esa o"kZ 2014&15 dk lsokdkfyu izf'k{k.k Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ij dsfUnzr jgk Fkk] pwfdz jk"Vª O;kih losZ{k.kksaZ esa cPpks dh iBu ys[ku esa fLFkfr;ka fiNM+h gqbZ FkhA 2 jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk&2005
  • 2. pj.k&1 bl pj.k esa d{kk voyksduksa] cPpksa ds iBu&ys[ku izfdz;kvksa ds uewuksa dk voyksdu] f'kf{kdk o cPpksa ls ckrphr vkfn ds mijkUr Hkk"kk f'k{k.k ds ifjn`'; ls lacaf/kr vkadMksa dk fo'ys"k.k o izkIr ifj.kke bl izdkj gS& 1. fo|ky;h f'kf{kdk }kjk vkerkSj ij i<+us ls rkRi;Z cPps ds }kjk fyfi fpUgksa dks mPpkfjr dj ikus rFkk fy[kus ls rkRi;Z bu izfrdksa dks dkxt ij cuk ikus dh {kerk ls fy;k tkrk gSA 2. bl {kerk ds fodkl ds fy, gh muds }kjk vf/kdka'k dok;nsa djokbZ tkrh gSaaA tSls&o.kZekyk igpku] o.kZekyk ys[ku] ,d gh o.kZ dks ckj&ckj fy[kokuk] vekf=d 'kCn fuekZ.k] IkBu o mudk ys[ku vkfn ls vkjaHk dj fofHkUu o.kkZs esa ek=k tksM+dj /ofu;ksa esa gksus okys ifjorZu fl[kkuk o dze'k% ,d&,d ek=k vk/kkfjr 'kCn mPpkj.k] iBu vkSj mudk ys[ku djokuk vkfn djok;k tkrk gSA 3. lHkh d{kkvksa esa vuqdj.k okpu ¼f'kf{kdk@fdlh ,d Nk= }kjk ikB~;iqLrd ls fdlh ikB ds 'kCnksa dks dze'k% i<+k tkrk gS o vU; Nk=&Nk=kvksa }kjk mu 'kCnksa ij dze'k% gkFk j[krs gq, mUgs /;ku ls ns[kuk o nksgjkuk½ Hkh djok;k tkrk gSA 4. fo|ky; esa feyus okys Lusgiw.kZ ekgkSy esa bl iwjh dok;n ds ek/;e ls ckj&ckj o fu;fer ekSf[kd o fyf[kr vH;kl djrs gq, fyfi fpUgksa dk mPpkj.k vkSj mUgsa dkxt ij cukuk vf/kdka'k cPps lh[k pqds gaSA 5. fdlh ikB~; lkexzh dks i<+us ds izfr mRlkg o lkspdj viuh ckr fy[kus dh rRijrk dk vkHkko gSA pj.k&2 mijksDr ifjn`'; ij f'kf{kdk ds lkFk feydj fo|ky; esa iz;qDr i<+uk&fy[kuk fl[kkus dh xfrfof/k;ksa] lkexzh o izfdz;koksa ij dbZ lokyksa ds ek/;e lekykspukRed <ax ls ppkZ dh xbZ vkSj fofHkUu pqukSfr;ksa dh igpku dj laHkkfor fodYiksa dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k x;kA bl izfdz;k ds nkSjku ,d vf/kxedrkZ ds :i esa f'kf{kdk us iz;qDr f'k{k.k izfdz;k vkSj lkexzh ls lacaf/kr lhekvksa dh igpku dj ikbZ] dHkh&dHkh f'kf{kdk us mRlkg ds lkFk dqN oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ka lq>kbZ vkSj dHkh&dHkh ;g pqukSrh eglwl dh fd fu;fer djok;h tkus okyh bu xfrfof/k;ksa ds vykok cPpksa dks i<uk vkSj fy[kuk lh[kkus ds fy, vkSj D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ksa dh [kkst o fu/kkZj.k ds fy, & oSdfYid xfrfof/k;ksa dh [kkst o fu/kkZj.k ds fy, ,d dsfUnz; fl)kar r; fd;k fd xfrfof/k;ka ,slh gks tks vFkZ fuekZ.k dh laHkkoukvksa dks c<k+ok ns vkSj cPpksa dks vius fopkjksa dks ekSf[kd o fyf[kr :i esa vfHkO;fDr ds volj miyC/k djk,A mijksDr fl)kar dks /;ku esa j[kdj fofHkUUk varjky ij f'kf{kdk ds lkFk foe'kZ vkSj v/;;u ds ek/;e ls d{kk esa djokbZ tk ldus okyh xfrfof/k;ka rS;kj dh xbZA pj.k&3 f'kf{kdk ds }kjk 'kks/k&xfrfof/k;ksa dk d{kk esa vk;kstu ds nkSjku d{kk&voyksdu dj muls lfe{kkRed ppkZ djuk o f'kf{kdk ds lkFk feydj cPpksa ds lkFk dk;Z djukA f'kf{kdk us mRlkg iwoZd 'kks/k xfrfof/k;ksa dks fofHkUu d{kkvksa esa vk;ksftr fd;kA xfrfof/k;ksa ds vk;kstu ds ckn cPpks dh Hkk"kkbZ n{krkvksa ds vuqlkj xfrfof/k;ksa ds fu/kkZj.k ls lacaf/kr foe'kZ dh
  • 3. vko';drk muds }kjk eglwl dh xbZA esjs }kjk fd, x, d{kk voyksduksa esa f'kf{kdk ds }kjk fn, tkus okys lkewfgd funZs'ku ds lkFk&lkFk cPpksa ls O;fDrxr ckrphr dh vko';drk dks igpkuk x;kA esjs }kjk lkIrkfgd@ikf{kd d{kkvoyksdu vkSj vdknfed lg;ksx 'kks/k mn~ns'; dks /;ku esa j[kdj fujarj tkjh gS---A foxr l=kar rd I. gjsd cPps ¼fo'ks’kdj d{kk 1 ls ysdj 5 rd ds os cPps tks pqi jgrs Fks] o.kZekyk izfrdksa vkSj ikB~; oLrq dks mPpkfjr Hkh ugh dj ikrs Fks½ dh Hkkxhnkjh lfdz; gks pqdh gSA II. i<+uk lh[kus dh izfdz;k esa cPps vius iwoZ vuqHkoksa vkSj vankt yxkdj i<+us dk bLrseky djrs gSaA III. cPpksa i<+us ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSa vkSj fdlh Hkh ikB~; ds okD; dks xfr ds lkFk i<+us yxs gSa] cuus okys vFkZ ds vk/kkj ij viuh okD; lajpukvksa esa Lo;a cnyko djrs gSA IV. cPps viuh ckr dks fy[kus ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSA V. lfp= cky iqLrdksa esa nh xbZ dforkvksa] dgkfu;ksa dks xfr ds lkFk i<+rs gSa vkSj muesa dgha xbZ ckr dks vius 'kCnksa esa lqukus yxs gSaA VI. cPps viuh :ph dh fdrkcsa ekaxrs gSa] i<+rs gSa vkSj vkil esa ckrfpr djrs gSaA VII. f'kf{kdk cPpksa ds }kjk }kjk iznf'kZr i<+us&fy[kus dh izfdz;kvksa dks ns[kdj mRlkfgr gS vkSj os bl 'kks/k dk;Zdze dks i<+uk fy[kuk fl[kkus dh ,d lkFkZd igy ds :i esa ns[krh gSA VIII. f'kf{kdk d{kk dk;Z ds nkSjku cPpksa dks lkewfgd funsZ'k nsrh gSa o muls O;fDrxr ckrphr Hkh djrh gSaA ftlls gjsd cPpksa ds ckjsa esa mudk voyksdu vkSj xgjk gqvk gSA IX. f'kf{kdk cPpksa ds dke ds fofHkUu uewuksa dk laxzg.k vkSj fo'ys"k.k d{kk dk;Z ds ckn Lo;a ls Hkh djrh gSaA