2. ITC 571 – Emerging Technology &
Innovation
Study
Bio-chip: Doctor inside the body
Done by
S.Sujanth(11527035)
Supervisor
Dr. Ather Saeed
IT Coordinator / Lecturer
Charles Sturt University
3. Outline
Introduction
History & Development of biochips
Architecture of the biochip
Classification of biochips
Applications of biochips
Research & Hypothesis
Future direction of biochips
4. Introduction
Biochips are microscopic electronic devices
Biochip requires microarray technology,
transduction and signal processing technology
Made in a glass or Silicon wafer
Biochips are capable to execute many hundred
operations simultaneously on a solid surface
It combines genetics, molecular biology and
biochemistry
Biochip Technology is the most significant
technology in biotechnology
High throughput, mini size, automated and cost
effective
Biochip is an important potential tool in life
science
5. Development of biochips
Since 1983 biochips have been in use.
Advancements of 1980s in semiconductors and
biochemistry led to the rise of biochips
Biochips were initially a “platform” based technology
Concept of a biochip was made possible by the work
of Fred Sanger and Walter Gilbert.
Scientists have used the Biochip to explore genes
since then
6. Classification of Biochips
DNA Chip
-DNA analyze
Protein Chip
-Proteome analyze
Antibody Chip
-Detecting antigens
Tissue Chip
-Tissue analyze
7. Biochip Implant
Biochip Implant system consists of two components
A Transponder
Composed of Microchip,
Antenna coil, Tuning capacitor,
Glass Capsule
A Reader or Scanner
Radio Frequency Identification and communication System
Used commonly in tracking bird migration cycles, tracking spies
for national security etc.
8. Implant and Scanner
Implant
Injected by a syringe beneath skin
Injection is safe & simple
Usually behind the neck
Scanner
Transmits a small signal
Charges the tuning capacitor
ID number transmitted by the transponder
9. Architecture of the biochip
Can be divided into three blocks
1) Biochip platform
2) Digital Micro Controller
3) Handheld Analyzer
10. Applications of biochips
There are five potential markets for biochips:
1) Pharmaceutical research
2) Medical diagnostics
3) Forensics
4) Transplantation
5) Water and environmental testing
11. Research & Hypothesis
Hypothesis for biochip research:
1) Reduce the size of the microarray and use multiple
micro array to reduce resistance hence temperature
2) Use NFC technology rather than 4G for effitient
transmission
3) Use a library to hold unique structure with potential
threat for compare hence quick analysis
4) Use decision tree to deduce the right form of data
analysis
1) Improve storage by Custom installation of a ROM
2) Improve efficiency and efficacy using Multifunctional
biochip
3) Development of 3D biochip could have better,
cheaper yet higher batch production of biochips
12. Future direction of biochips
Implantable multifunctional biochip with
personal details and health monitoring
capability
Bank Account details to use as NFC
Medicare Identification to alarm necessary
authority if the need be by constantly
monitoring health
Protecting bank details by storing it in RAM
which is powered by a transducer that converts
the kinetic energy in blood flow.
Medicare ID and personal info are stored in the
ROM which is easily accessible