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The Sun & Stars
What is a star?

 Stars are huge bodies of hot glowing gas, that
  give off energy in the form of heat and light.
How do stars differ from one
 another?
 Stars can be different
  from each other in
  temperature, size, an
  d brightness.
 The Hertzsprung-
  Russell (H-R) diagram
  shows these
  differences.
What does the color of a
star tell us?




 The color of a star tells us its temperature.
 Hotter stars-blue
 Cooler stars-red
 Our sun is a yellow star.
How old is our star?

 Our sun is about 5 billion years old. It is a
  middle-aged star, meaning it has about
  another 5 billion years. The solar system
  formed at the same time as the sun, and
  therefore, has the same age.
What makes up our star?
 The sun is made up of hydrogen
  and helium.
 Inside the sun, nuclear reactions
  are taking place. Two atoms of
  hydrogen are being forced
  together, due to the rapid speed
  at which they are
  moving, forming helium. When
  this happens, large amounts of
  energy are being released, like
  atomic bombs constantly going
  off.
What kind of energy does the
Earth get from the sun?
 Earth receives electromagnetic
  energy from the sun. This
  brings the light and heat from
  the sun to the earth. It includes
  such types of energy
  waves, such as:
               U-V waves
               Infrared waves
               Microwaves
               Gamma waves
               Visible light
Looking at the Hertzsprung-
 Russell (H-R) diagram:
 Absolute magnitude is how
  bright a star actually is
 The brighter a star is, the
  lower the absolute
  magnitude
 There are 4 groups of stars
  that fall into the H-R
  diagram
  (supergiants, giants, main
  sequence, and white
  dwarfs)

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Sun & stars

  • 1. The Sun & Stars
  • 2. What is a star?  Stars are huge bodies of hot glowing gas, that give off energy in the form of heat and light.
  • 3. How do stars differ from one another?  Stars can be different from each other in temperature, size, an d brightness.  The Hertzsprung- Russell (H-R) diagram shows these differences.
  • 4. What does the color of a star tell us?  The color of a star tells us its temperature.  Hotter stars-blue  Cooler stars-red  Our sun is a yellow star.
  • 5. How old is our star?  Our sun is about 5 billion years old. It is a middle-aged star, meaning it has about another 5 billion years. The solar system formed at the same time as the sun, and therefore, has the same age.
  • 6. What makes up our star?  The sun is made up of hydrogen and helium.  Inside the sun, nuclear reactions are taking place. Two atoms of hydrogen are being forced together, due to the rapid speed at which they are moving, forming helium. When this happens, large amounts of energy are being released, like atomic bombs constantly going off.
  • 7. What kind of energy does the Earth get from the sun?  Earth receives electromagnetic energy from the sun. This brings the light and heat from the sun to the earth. It includes such types of energy waves, such as:  U-V waves  Infrared waves  Microwaves  Gamma waves  Visible light
  • 8. Looking at the Hertzsprung- Russell (H-R) diagram:  Absolute magnitude is how bright a star actually is  The brighter a star is, the lower the absolute magnitude  There are 4 groups of stars that fall into the H-R diagram (supergiants, giants, main sequence, and white dwarfs)