5. Vår arts uppväxt Första migration av moderna människor ut ur Afrika Aborigines anländer i Australien Migrationer av Moderna människor från Sud Asien till Europa Början av jordbruket Stora europeiska civilisationer: grekisk, romersk Källa: GRIP ice core data (Greenland) och S. Oppenheimer, ”Out of Eden”, 2004
6. En titt långt tillbaka i tiden Lüthi, D., et al.. 2008. EPICA Dome C Ice Core 800KYr Carbon Dioxide Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-055 År tillbaka i tiden CO 2 (ppmv) 390
9. Vart är vi på väg? Raupach et al. 2007, PNAS, uppdaterad; Le Quéré et al. 2009, Nature Geoscience; International Monetary Fund 2009 CO 2 Emissioner från fossilt bränsle (Pg C yr -1 )
32. Bättre planering Polasky, S. et al., 2008. Biological Conservation, 141(6): 1505-1524. Jordbruk Skogsbruk Stad Landsbygden Bevarade områden Miljarder dollar per år Biologisk mångfald
35. Simon Kuznets och BNP A student of social affairs who is interested in the total productivity of the nation, including those efforts which, like housewives services, do not appear on the market , can therefore use our measures only with some qualifications . A student of social affairs who conceives of a nation’s end product as undistorted by the existing distribution of income, would again have to qualify and change our estimates, possibly in a marked fashion.
36. Joseph Stiglitz: bortom BNP Shift emphasis from measuring economic production to measuring people’s well-being. Recommendation 1: When evaluating material well-being, look at income and consumption rather than production Recommendation 4: Give more prominence to the distribution of income, consumption and wealth Recommendation 11: Sustainability assessment requires a well-identified dashboard of indicators. The distinctive feature of the components of this dashboard should be that they are interpretable as variations of some underlying “stocks”. Recommendation 12: The environmental aspects of sustainability deserve a separate follow-up based on a well-chosen set of physical indicators. In particular there is a need for a clear indicator of our proximity to dangerous levels of environmental damage (such as associated with climate change or the depletion of fishing stocks.)
37. Florida, R. et al. Cambridge J Regions Econ Soc 2008;1:459-476 Ekonomisk aktivitet Befolkning
38.
39. World3 D. H. Meadows, et al. “Limits to Growth”, 1972
40. World3 D. H. Meadows, et al. “Limits to Growth”, 1972
41. Christine Loh: tillväxt & resurser? Hur skulle samhället ser ut om våran status berodde på de tjänster vi hade råd med och inte de saker vi kunde köpa?
As our findings make clear; out of roughly 200 nations in the world and their thousands upon thousands of cities, only a small number of economic mega-regions power and structure the world economy. There are two mega-regions—Greater Tokyo and Bos-Wash— which generate more than $2 trillion in LRP, while another five produce in excess of $1 trillion in LRP. The world’s 10 largest mega-regions in terms of LRP house only about 416 million people, or 6.5% of the world’s population, but account for 42.8% of economic activity ($13.4 trillion), 56.6% of patented innovations and 55.6% of the most-cited scientists.
Limits to Growth A report for the Club of Rome's project on the predicament of mankind by D.H. Meadows, D.L. Meadows, J. Randers and W.W. Behrens III (1972) page 124 In the Standard Run : Food per capita peaks in 2008. Industrial Output per capita peaks in 2010. Pollution peaks in 2031. Population peaks in 2050.
Limits to Growth A report for the Club of Rome's project on the predicament of mankind by D.H. Meadows, D.L. Meadows, J. Randers and W.W. Behrens III (1972) page 124 In the Double Resources run : Food per capita peaks in 2015. Industrial Output per capita peaks in 2028. Population peaks in 2041, and pollution increases without limit. The peak of resource extraction rate occurs in 2030, so doubling resources has only delayed the inevitable by 20 years.