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Stefi Rahmawati (111 284- DKI Jakarta)



                                1
Masalah
 Bahan baku LPG (elpiji) terus berkurang.
 Dimetil eter memiliki beberapa kelebihan
 dibandingkan LPG dan dapat diproduksi dari banyak
 bahan baku, termasuk limbah.

                    Konversi

           LPG                      DME
                                                 2
Formulasi Masalah
Tujuan :
 Memaksimumkan Jumlah Limbah yang digunakan
  untuk produksi DME.
 Meminimuman Biaya Produksi


Kendala :
 Ketersediaan Bahan baku
 Keterbatasan Biaya Produksi
 Kecukupan Konsumsi
                                               3
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
     Input                     Produksi                      Output

   - Biaya Awal Pembangunan Tambahan B rupiah
   - Ketersediaan Bahan Baku
   Misalnya,
   • Bahan baku berupa gas alam tersedia sebanyak sg satuan volume dengan harga
     pembelian cg dan biaya pengolahan fg per satuan volume.
   • Bahan baku berupa fuel oil tersedia sebanyak so satuan volume dengan harga
     pembelian co dan biaya pengolahan fo per satuan volume.
   • Bahan baku berupa batu bara tersedia sebanyak sb satuan volume dengan harga
     pembelian cb dan biaya pengolahan f b per satuan volume.
   • Bahan baku berupa limbah tersedia sebanyak sl satuan volume dengan harga
     pembelian cl dan biaya pengolahan f l per satuan volume.


                                                                                   4
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
     Input                Produksi                 Output


   Misalnya,
        DME diproduksi sebanyak                satuan volume.
   Biaya Produksi :
   • Total biaya produksi ingin seminimal mungkin.
   Kapasitas Produksi
   • Misalnya, kapasitas produksi diketahui adalah Q.
   • Misalkan, efisiensi tiap bahan baku untuk menghasilkan DME
     adalah ai (i = g, o, b, atau l).

                                                                  5
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
     Input               Produksi                 Output


   Misalnya,
        Banyaknya konsumsi LPG adalah KL satuan volume, maka akan
   dihitung banyaknya DME yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi
   kebutuhan LPG selama ini.
   Misalkan, rasio efisiensi DME terhadap LPG adalah e. Maka, DME
   paling tidak ada sebanyak KL / e satuan volume.



                                                                    6
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
Variabel Keputusan
Misalnya,
 xi := Banyaknya bahan baku yang diolah (satuan
  volume), i = g, o, b, l.




                                                   7
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
Fungsi Tujuan
 Meminimumkan Biaya Produksi
 Total Biaya Produksi = Biaya Pembelian bahan baku + biaya produksi DME + Biaya Awal



Total Biaya Produksi = z =

 Memaksimumkan jumlah limbah yang digunakan
               Jumlah limbah yang digunakan = xl


                                                                                  8
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
Kendala
 Ketersediaan Bahan Baku :


 Kapasitas Produksi :



 Kecukupan Konsumsi :



                               9
.
    Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
     Model Goal Programming

                 Min.



                 Maks.

                 d.s




                                   10
Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)
 Jika model tidak memiliki solusi layak, maka digunakan model
  berikut.

              Min.



              Maks.

              d.s




                                                                 11
12
Simulasi
Misalnya,
 Ketersediaan bahan baku : -sg = 100, so = 150, sb = 300, sl = 1 000
 Efisiensi Tiap Bahan Baku : αg = 0.8, αo = 0.6, αb = 0.3, αl = 0.08
 Biaya Pembelian : cg = 30 000, co = 28 000, cb = 25 000, cl = 1 000
 Biaya Pengolahan : fg = 25 000, fo = 25 000, f b = 28 000, f l = 20 000
 Anggaran Biaya Maksimum C = 350 000 000
 Biaya Awal B = 50 000 000
 Konsumsi LPG KL = 330 000
 Kapasitas Produksi Q = 500 000
 Rasio Efektifitas e = 0.8.



                                                                     13
Simulasi (lanjutan)
 Model masalah yang didapat adalah :
      Maks.
      Min.
      d.s




                                        14
Preemptive Goal Programming
   Min.
   d.s




                          15
LINGO
Input 1




          16
LINGO (lanjutan)
Input 2




                   17
LINGO (lanjutan)
 Output 1




                   18
LINGO (lanjutan)
 Output 2




                   19
Kesimpulan
 Preemptive goal programming dapat digunakan untuk
  memodelkan masalah konversi LPG ke DME.
 Model sederhana yang menggambarkan masalah
  adalah sebagai berikut.
                   Min.



                   Maks.

                   d.s




                                                 20
Referensi
Winston, Wayne L. 1995. Introduction to Mathematical
       Programming Application and Algorithm.
       California : Wadsworth, Inc.
Elpiji. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elpiji, 31 Oktober
       2010 pk.1930 wib.
Dimeti Eter.
       http://affandymuradsite.blogspot.com/2009/04/di
       metil-eter.html.31 Oktober 2010 pk.1935 wib



                                                    21
Dme (stefi rahmawati ui)

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Dme (stefi rahmawati ui)

  • 1. Stefi Rahmawati (111 284- DKI Jakarta) 1
  • 2. Masalah  Bahan baku LPG (elpiji) terus berkurang.  Dimetil eter memiliki beberapa kelebihan dibandingkan LPG dan dapat diproduksi dari banyak bahan baku, termasuk limbah. Konversi LPG DME 2
  • 3. Formulasi Masalah Tujuan :  Memaksimumkan Jumlah Limbah yang digunakan untuk produksi DME.  Meminimuman Biaya Produksi Kendala :  Ketersediaan Bahan baku  Keterbatasan Biaya Produksi  Kecukupan Konsumsi 3
  • 4. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Input Produksi Output - Biaya Awal Pembangunan Tambahan B rupiah - Ketersediaan Bahan Baku Misalnya, • Bahan baku berupa gas alam tersedia sebanyak sg satuan volume dengan harga pembelian cg dan biaya pengolahan fg per satuan volume. • Bahan baku berupa fuel oil tersedia sebanyak so satuan volume dengan harga pembelian co dan biaya pengolahan fo per satuan volume. • Bahan baku berupa batu bara tersedia sebanyak sb satuan volume dengan harga pembelian cb dan biaya pengolahan f b per satuan volume. • Bahan baku berupa limbah tersedia sebanyak sl satuan volume dengan harga pembelian cl dan biaya pengolahan f l per satuan volume. 4
  • 5. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Input Produksi Output Misalnya, DME diproduksi sebanyak satuan volume. Biaya Produksi : • Total biaya produksi ingin seminimal mungkin. Kapasitas Produksi • Misalnya, kapasitas produksi diketahui adalah Q. • Misalkan, efisiensi tiap bahan baku untuk menghasilkan DME adalah ai (i = g, o, b, atau l). 5
  • 6. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Input Produksi Output Misalnya, Banyaknya konsumsi LPG adalah KL satuan volume, maka akan dihitung banyaknya DME yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan LPG selama ini. Misalkan, rasio efisiensi DME terhadap LPG adalah e. Maka, DME paling tidak ada sebanyak KL / e satuan volume. 6
  • 7. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Variabel Keputusan Misalnya,  xi := Banyaknya bahan baku yang diolah (satuan volume), i = g, o, b, l. 7
  • 8. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Fungsi Tujuan  Meminimumkan Biaya Produksi Total Biaya Produksi = Biaya Pembelian bahan baku + biaya produksi DME + Biaya Awal Total Biaya Produksi = z =  Memaksimumkan jumlah limbah yang digunakan Jumlah limbah yang digunakan = xl 8
  • 9. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan) Kendala  Ketersediaan Bahan Baku :  Kapasitas Produksi :  Kecukupan Konsumsi : 9
  • 10. . Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)  Model Goal Programming Min. Maks. d.s 10
  • 11. Formulasi Masalah (lanjutan)  Jika model tidak memiliki solusi layak, maka digunakan model berikut. Min. Maks. d.s 11
  • 12. 12
  • 13. Simulasi Misalnya,  Ketersediaan bahan baku : -sg = 100, so = 150, sb = 300, sl = 1 000  Efisiensi Tiap Bahan Baku : αg = 0.8, αo = 0.6, αb = 0.3, αl = 0.08  Biaya Pembelian : cg = 30 000, co = 28 000, cb = 25 000, cl = 1 000  Biaya Pengolahan : fg = 25 000, fo = 25 000, f b = 28 000, f l = 20 000  Anggaran Biaya Maksimum C = 350 000 000  Biaya Awal B = 50 000 000  Konsumsi LPG KL = 330 000  Kapasitas Produksi Q = 500 000  Rasio Efektifitas e = 0.8. 13
  • 14. Simulasi (lanjutan)  Model masalah yang didapat adalah : Maks. Min. d.s 14
  • 20. Kesimpulan  Preemptive goal programming dapat digunakan untuk memodelkan masalah konversi LPG ke DME.  Model sederhana yang menggambarkan masalah adalah sebagai berikut. Min. Maks. d.s 20
  • 21. Referensi Winston, Wayne L. 1995. Introduction to Mathematical Programming Application and Algorithm. California : Wadsworth, Inc. Elpiji. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elpiji, 31 Oktober 2010 pk.1930 wib. Dimeti Eter. http://affandymuradsite.blogspot.com/2009/04/di metil-eter.html.31 Oktober 2010 pk.1935 wib 21