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All Things You Didn’t
    Want to Know
 Igor Bogicevic, Seven Bridges Genomics, CTO/Founder
            igor.bogicevic@sbgenomics.com
Opening a Company
•   You're not building a company, you're building product and business...

•   ... however you still need a legal framework to operate on market

•   I'll be covering US entities, or to be exact 2 entities - LLC and C Corp

•   LLC is much simpler and cheaper to setup, simple from tax standpoint, great for a small business

•   ... however it doesn't really allow for shareholders and classes of stock

•   If you're looking for "smart" (sophisticated angels and VCs) investment you will have to switch to C Corp
    (Delaware)

•   This also means you will need to have a board of directors and keep your finances in order
Structuring a company

•   I can't stress this enough...

•   DO IT BY THE BOOK

•   DO IT BY THE BOOK

•   Use template charter and bylaws

•   Hire a good lawyer, there are founder friendly firms
Stock Options and Classes
•   Several classes of stock options

•   Investors - Preferred stock options

•   Founders, Employees - Common stock options

•   Liquidation preference

•   Dividends - interest on investment

•   Minority shareholder rights

•   Again, hire a good lawyer
Mechanic of an Investment
•   Negotiations starts with the term sheet

•   Learn how to make a cap table - it's simple at the beginning

•   Common way to structure investment is through trading stock options or convertible debt (or both)

•   Convertible debt became very popular recently (much simpler and cheaper)

•   Convertible debt can be with, or without cap

•   Investment is a long term partnership, both sides should happy and have the same incentive

•   Either do stock (+ part in convertible debt without or with cap), or convertible debt with cap

•   It's super important to align the interests, try to amortize dilution for minor shareholders (employees)

•   Investors don't invest in your idea, they invest in product and team

•   Yet again, hire a good lawyer
Vesting
•   Share options are good incentive for hiring talent

•   ... actually the only one if you don't have much money in the bank

•   Create employee share option pool that will last for 2 years

•   Vesting is a good mechanism to give employees incentive to stay with the company

•   Industry standard terms are 4 years vesting period, 1 year cliff and then 1/48 of vested stock each month

•   Do a founder vesting, smart investors will ask it anyways

•   Don't be defensive, but be smart - do accelerated vesting upon job termination

•   Again, align interests - you want stable team delivering a great product, structure option pool around that

•   Use template documents for stock options
Mechanics of Exit
•   Happy, happy, joy, joy

•   You can either IPO, or you can get acquired by other company

•   This is so-called "liquidity event"

•   That's when you pay taxes

•   First step of acquisition is LOI (letter of intent)

•   It's still doesn't mean you're acquired, it only means the start of negotiations

•   Acquihires have become popular recently - not really success, especially for investors, minor-medium
    success for founders

•   Just in case you thought I'll forget to say, hire a good lawyer

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Igor Bogicevic - All things you didn’t want to know

  • 1. All Things You Didn’t Want to Know Igor Bogicevic, Seven Bridges Genomics, CTO/Founder igor.bogicevic@sbgenomics.com
  • 2. Opening a Company • You're not building a company, you're building product and business... • ... however you still need a legal framework to operate on market • I'll be covering US entities, or to be exact 2 entities - LLC and C Corp • LLC is much simpler and cheaper to setup, simple from tax standpoint, great for a small business • ... however it doesn't really allow for shareholders and classes of stock • If you're looking for "smart" (sophisticated angels and VCs) investment you will have to switch to C Corp (Delaware) • This also means you will need to have a board of directors and keep your finances in order
  • 3. Structuring a company • I can't stress this enough... • DO IT BY THE BOOK • DO IT BY THE BOOK • Use template charter and bylaws • Hire a good lawyer, there are founder friendly firms
  • 4. Stock Options and Classes • Several classes of stock options • Investors - Preferred stock options • Founders, Employees - Common stock options • Liquidation preference • Dividends - interest on investment • Minority shareholder rights • Again, hire a good lawyer
  • 5. Mechanic of an Investment • Negotiations starts with the term sheet • Learn how to make a cap table - it's simple at the beginning • Common way to structure investment is through trading stock options or convertible debt (or both) • Convertible debt became very popular recently (much simpler and cheaper) • Convertible debt can be with, or without cap • Investment is a long term partnership, both sides should happy and have the same incentive • Either do stock (+ part in convertible debt without or with cap), or convertible debt with cap • It's super important to align the interests, try to amortize dilution for minor shareholders (employees) • Investors don't invest in your idea, they invest in product and team • Yet again, hire a good lawyer
  • 6. Vesting • Share options are good incentive for hiring talent • ... actually the only one if you don't have much money in the bank • Create employee share option pool that will last for 2 years • Vesting is a good mechanism to give employees incentive to stay with the company • Industry standard terms are 4 years vesting period, 1 year cliff and then 1/48 of vested stock each month • Do a founder vesting, smart investors will ask it anyways • Don't be defensive, but be smart - do accelerated vesting upon job termination • Again, align interests - you want stable team delivering a great product, structure option pool around that • Use template documents for stock options
  • 7. Mechanics of Exit • Happy, happy, joy, joy • You can either IPO, or you can get acquired by other company • This is so-called "liquidity event" • That's when you pay taxes • First step of acquisition is LOI (letter of intent) • It's still doesn't mean you're acquired, it only means the start of negotiations • Acquihires have become popular recently - not really success, especially for investors, minor-medium success for founders • Just in case you thought I'll forget to say, hire a good lawyer