Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008

SULIT MOZ@C
1 4551

SULIT 4551
4551
Biologi
Oktober
2008
2½ jam

BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH
DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER
KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
________________________________________________________________

PEPERIKSAAN DIAGNOSTIK TAHUN 2008
TINGKATAN EMPAT

BIOLOGI
Kertas 1
Satu jam lima belas minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam Bahasa Inggeris.
2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di bawah

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of 50 questions.
2. Answer all questions.
3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer
sheet.
4. Blacken only one space for each question.
5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you
have made. Then blacken the space for the new answer.
6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless
stated.
7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 26 halaman bercetak.

4551 [Lihat sebelah

4551 SULIT
SMS MUZAFFAR SYAH , MELAKA

SULIT MOZ@C
2 4551

Answer all questions

1. The following information refers to an organelle of a plant cell.

 A membranous sac which occupies a large part of a mature plant cell.
 Contains water, stored food, salt and waste materials.

Which of the labelled parts, A, B, C and D is the organelle?

A B C

D

2. The diagram shows an organelle of a cell.

Which process only occurs in this organelle?

A Osmosis
B Diffusion
C Respiration
D Photosynthesis

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
3 4551

3. The diagram shows a type of animal tissue.

What is the tissue?

A Epithelial tissue
B Connective tissue
C Smooth muscle tissue
D Skeletal muscle tissue

4. The diagram shows the process of feeding by Amoeba sp.

Which organelle is not involved in the process shown in the diagram ?

A Lysosome
B Food vacuole
C Pseudopodia
D Contractile vacuole

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
4 4551

5. The table shows the characteristics of a plant tissue X.

 Consists of companion cells
 Contains sieve tubes

Which of the processes is related to the tissue X?

A Absorption
B Reproduction
C Transpiration
D Translocation

6. The diagram shows the structure of a plasma membrane.

X
Y

The proteins labelled X and Y are

X Y
A Pore protein Pore protein
B Carrier protein Carrier protein
C Carrier protein Pore protein
D Pore protein Carrier protein

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
5 4551

7. The diagram shows a sodium-potassium pump.

What process involves in the mechanism?

A Osmosis
B Diffusion
C Plasmolysis
D Active transport

8. The information refers to a condition of a red blood cell after being immersed in a
solution.

 The cell shrinks
 The plasma membrane crinkles up

What process experienced by the red blood cell?

A Crenation
B Haemolysis
C Plasmolysis
D Deplasmolysis

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
6 4551

9. Which process does not use energy released by respiration?

A Passage of nerve impulses
B Active transport of glucose into the villi
C Formation of gametes in the gonads
D Diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar surface

10. Which process takes place in a root hair cell when oxygen is not available?

A Active transport and osmosis
B Active transport and diffusion
C Active transport
D Diffusion

11 . Onion cells have been placed in four solution of different concentration.
Which cells is immersed in hypotonic solution.

A C

B D

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
7 4551

12. The graph shows the changes of the length of the potato slices in different
solutions.

Length of potato A
slices /cm
B

C
D

Time / min

Which curves labelled A, B, C and D shows the changes of the length of the slices
which were placed in distilled water?

13. Which of the following shows the structure of a polysaccharide?

A B

C D

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
8 4551

14. How many basic units are required to form the DNA molecule as shown in the
diagram .

A. 3
B. 6
C. 9
D. 18

15. The diagram shows an action of an enzyme and a sucrose.

Q

R
P
What are P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Lactase Glucose Lactose
B Sucrase Glucose Fructose
C Sucrase Lactose Fructose
D Lactase Galactose Lactose

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
9 4551

16. The diagram shows one of the structures of a protein.

Which compound is made up of this structure?

A. Enzymes
B. Hormones
C. Antibodies
D. Haemoglobins

17. Which graph represents the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of pepsin.

A. B.
Rate of Rate of
reaction reaction

0 7 14 pH 0 7 14 pH

C. D.
Rate of Rate of
reaction reaction

0 7 14 pH 0 7 14 pH

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
10 4551

18. The figure shows a cell cycle of an organism.

Interphase

X

Which of the following is the correct sequence of process X?

A. Telophase Anaphase Metaphase Prophase
B. Anaphase Metaphase Prophase Telophase
C. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
D. Prophase Anaphase Metaphase Telophase

19. The number of chromosomes in a skin cell of a cat has a diploid number of
chromosomes 24.
What is the chromosomal number in its gametes?

i. 12
ii. 24
iii. 36
iv. 48

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
11 4551

20. The diagram shows a cell of an organism.

What is the stage of cell division shown by the diagram.

A. Prophase I
B. Prophase II
B. Metaphase I
D. Metaphase II

21. The diagram shows several stages in mitosis.

Y

What is the behaviour of chromosome in stage Y.

A. Chromosomes condense and thicken
B. Chromosomes arrange themselves at the equatorial plane
C. Homologous chromosomes pair together and cross-over occurs
D. Homologous chromosomes separate and move the opposite poles.

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
12 4551

22. Which of the followings shows a stage in meiosis?

A. B.

C. D.

23. Which is an autotrophic organism?

A. Parasites
B. Holophytes
C. Saprophytes
D. Chemosynthetic organism

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
13 4551

24. The information shows the characteristic of a compound.

o Provides protection to organs against physical injuries
o Provides energy for physical activities
o Insulates body against heat loss
o Forms sex hormones

Which compound has the characteristics?

A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Water
D. Lipid

25. The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a human villus.

S

Which of these compounds can be found in S?

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Amino Acids
D. Tiny droplets of lipids

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
14 4551

26. Which of the following is correct about the light and dark reaction

Light reaction Dark reaction

A. Occurs in stroma Occurs in grana

B. ATP and hydrogen are used ATP and hydrogen are produced

C. No reduction of carbon dioxide There is reduction of carbon dioxide

D. No oxygen is produced Oxygen is produced

27. The diagram shows the graph of the rate of photosynthesis against light intensity.

Rate of
photosynthesis
● ● Y 0∙06 % CO2

● X 0∙02 % CO2

Light intensity

The rate of photosyntehsis increases from X to Y. Which limiting factor has been
overcomed?

A. Light intensity
B. Carbon dioxide concentration
C. Temperature
D. Water

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
15 4551

28. When 0.4 g of groundnut is completely burnt, the temperature of 20 ml of water
rises up from 30°C to 70°C. ( Secific heat capacity of water is 4.2 Jg °C )
What is the energy value of the groundnut?

A 1.4 kJg−¹
B 3.4 kJg−¹
C. 8.4 kJg−¹
D. 76.2 kJg−¹

29. A food sample is tested to determine its contents.
The table below shows the results obtained.

Food test Result

Benedict’s solution is added and the mixture is boiled Brick red precipitate
Iodine solution is added Brownish yellow colour

Millon’s reagent is added and is heated in a water bath Red precipitate

What are the food classes found in the food sample?

A Starch and protein
B Lipids and protein
C Only reducing sugar
D Protein and reducing sugars

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
16 4551

30. Organ P is a part of the human digestive system.

Organ P

When a baby drinks milk, what would happen to the milk protein in organ P?

A. Protein is digested by pepsin into amino acids
B. Polypeptides is digested by trypsin into dipeptide
C. Caseinogen is coagulated into casein by rennin
D. Caseinogen is coagulated into casein by hydrochloric acid

31. The diagram
shows a
respiratory
structure of
an organism.

Which organism has this structure?.

A Frog
B Fish
C Crocodile
D Grasshopper

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
17 4551

32. The diagram shows the structure of alveoli .

P

What process occurs between an alveolus and structure P during gaseous
exchange?

A. Osmosis
B. Simple diffusion
C. Active transport
D. Facilitated diffusion

33. Which structure involves in the gaseous exchange in Ameoba sp?.

A. Cytoplasma
B. Food Vacuole
C. Contractile vacuole
D. Plasma membrane

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
18 4551

34. The equation shows the process that takes place in yeast.

Glucose S + Energy + Carbon dioxide

What is S?.

A. Water
B. Ethanol
C. Oxygen
D. Lactic acid

35. The figure shows a model of a rib cage

Backbone

R

Which of the following is represented by P, Q and R?

P Q R

A Sternum Rib Intercostal muscle

B Intercostal muscle Sternum Rib

C Sternum Intercostal muscle Rib

D Intercostal muscle Rib Sternum

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
19 4551

36. The diagram shows a human respiratory system.

R

What happen to structure R during exhalation?.

A. Relaxes and becomes flatten
B. Contracts and becomes flatten
C. Relaxes and becomes dome shape
D. Contracts and becomes dome shape

37. The information shows the results of an experiment to determine the oxygen
content in exhaled air using J-tube.

Length of exhaled air column = 10.0 cm

Length of exhaled air column after
treatment with potassium hydroxide = 9.6 cm

Length oh of exhaled air column after
treatment with potassium pyrogallol = 8.5 cm

The percentage of oxygen content in the exhaled air is

A. 4.0 %
B. 11.0 %
C. 16.0 %
D. 21.0 %

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
20 4551

38. The diagram shows gaseous exchange in human lungs.

T

Blood
capillary Alveolus

S

R

Which of the following is true about blood vessels R, S and T?

R S T

A Contains blood with Allows oxygen to Contains blood with
high concentration of diffuse into the high concentration
oxygen alveolus of carbon dioxide

B Contains blood with Allows carbon dioxide Contains blood with
High concentration of to diffuse into the high concentration
oxygen alveolus of carbon dioxide

C Contains blood with high Allows carbon dioxide Contains blood with
concentration of carbon to diffuse into the high concentration
dioxide capillary of oxygen
D Contains blood with high Allows oxygen to Contains blood with
concentration of carbon diffuse into the high concentration
dioxide capillary of oxygen

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
21 4551

39. The diagram shows a food web and the pyramid of number in an ecosystem.

M

L

K

J

Which of the following is K?
A. Snake
B. Bees
C. Eagle
D. Green plant

40. The diagram shows the changes in size of the populations of two organism in a
palm oil plantation. The organism are interdependent in a food chain.

Population
of animal Rats
Owl

Time / year
What is the interaction between organism X and organism Y.

A. Mutualism
B. Parasitism
C. Prey – predator
D. Commensalism
4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
22 4551

41. The diagram shows an interaction between two species.

P

Q

Which of the following describe the effect of the interaction between species P and Q?

Species P Species Q
A Benefit Benefit
B Harm Harm
C Not affected Harm
D Benefit No affected

42. An officer in the Forrestry Depatment wants to determine the distribution of
Cengal Trees in Belum National Park.
Which is the most suitable method to be used ?

A. Direct Counting
B. Quadrat 1m X 1m
C. Quadrat 10m X 10 m
D. Capture, mark, release and recapture

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
23 4551

43. Figure (a) shows the profile of a mangrove swamp while figure (b) shows three
types of root of the trees that are found in the mangrove swamp.

P

Figure (a)

Figure (b)

Which of the mangrove root(s) can be found in P?

A. X
B. Y
C. Z
D. X and Y

44. Penicillin was the first antibiotic found.
What is the microorganism that produces penicillin?

A. Virus
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Protozoa

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
24 4551

45. The diagram shows the root of a leguminous plant.

What is the role of the bacteria found in the root nodule of the plant in nitrogen
cycle.

A. Nitrogen fixation
B. Decomposition
C. Denitrification
C. Nitrification

46. The following information is related to a process occurs in an ecosystem

 Phosphate runs off into lakes

 Rapid growth of autotrophic organisms

The process is

A. colonization
B. competition
C. eutrophication
D. phosphorilation

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
25 4551

47. The diagram shows a human activity.

Which is the effect of the activity ?

A. Decrease in BOD level
B. Increase the habitat of the fauna
C. Decrease the temperature in north pole
D. Increase the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere

48. What is the effect of dust and smog on leaves of plants ?

A. Decrease the water transport
B. Damages the chlorophyll in the leaf
C. Decreases the amount of light received by the leaf
D. Damages the mesophyll cells in leaf

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
26 4551

49. Which of the following are non renewable resources?

I Iron ore
II Timber
III Petroleum
IV Tin ore

A I and III only
B II and IV only
C I, III and IV only
D I, II, III and IV

50. Which diseases become worse when air pollution occurs?

I Ashma
II Skurvi
III Pellagra
IV Bronchitis

A. I and III
B. I and IV
C. II and III
D. I, III and IV

END OF THE QUESTIONS

4551 SULIT

MOZ@C

SULIT Nama ...................................................... Tingkatan .................... 4551
4551
Biologi
Oktober
2008
2½ jam

DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER
________________________________________________________________

TINGKATAN EMPAT

BIOLOGI
Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di bawah.
Bahagian Soalan Markah Markah
Penuh
1. This question paper consists of two sections : 1 12
Section A and Section B.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your 2 12
answers for Section A clearly in the spaces provided
in the question paper. A 3 12
3. Answer any two questions from Section B. Write your
answer for Section B on the lined paper in detail. You 4 12
may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and
other suitable methods to explain your answer. 5 12
4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.
5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the 6 20
answer.
6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale
7 20
unless stated.
B
7. The mark allocated for each question or part of
8 20
question is shown in brackets.
8. The time suggested to complete Section A is 90
minutes, and Section B is 60 minutes. 9 20
9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator
10. Hand in this question paper at the end of the
examination. Jumlah

4551 [Lihat sebelah


SULIT MOZ@C
2 4551

Section A For
Examiner’s
[ 60 marks ] Use
Answer all questions

1. Diagram 1 shows cell organisation in plant. Cells J undergo differentiation and
specialisation to form several tissues in a leaf of a green plant.

Cells J

Cell Specialisation

K

L

Cross-
section
if a
leaf Xylem
tissue

M

DIAGRAM 1

(a) Name tissue K and tissue L.
K : ..……………………………………………………………………………… 1(a)
L: …………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(b) State the function of cells K and M in a leaf.
K : ..………………………………………………………………………………
1(b)
M: ……………...…………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

4551 SMS MUZAFFAR SYAH , MELAKA SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
3 4551

(c) (i) Explain the differentiation of cells J to form the xylem tissue.
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 1(c)(i)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(ii) During the formation of the xylem tissue, the plant was unable to
synthesise lignin.
Explain the effect on the function of the leaf.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 1(c)(ii)
[2 marks]

(d) Based on diagram 1, state the meaning of cell specialization.
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 1(d)
[2 marks]

(e) Leaf is the main photosynthetic organ of a plant.
Explain the adaptation of tissue L to enable the leaf to carry out its
function.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 1(e)
[3 marks]

TOTAL


SULIT MOZ@C
4 4551

2. Diagram 2.1 shows the synthesis and secretion of an enzyme in an animal cell.

R

P

Q S

DIAGRAM 2.1

(a) Name the parts labelled P and R.
P : ..………………………………………………………………………………
R: ……………...………………………………………………………………… 2(a)
[2 marks]
(b) State the function of organelle S.
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 2(b)
[1 mark]
(c) Explain the role of organelle Q in the synthesis of an enzyme.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 2(c)
[2 marks]

Diagram 2.2 shows the structure of an enzyme and three substrates W, X and
Y.

Enzyme W X Y

DIAGRAM 2.2


SULIT MOZ@C
5 4551

(d) (i) Based on Diagram 2.2, choose the correct substrate and complete the
schematic diagram to show the mechanism of enzyme action on the
substrate.

+

Enzyme + Substrate

Enzyme–Substrate complex

+
2(d)(i)

Enzyme + Products
[2 marks]

(ii) State two characteristics of the enzyme, which are illustrated in (d)(i).
1 : ..………………………………………………………………………………
2: ……………...………………………………………………………………… 2(d)(ii)
[2 marks]

(e) A child with high fever has body temperature of 41ºC.
Explain the effect on the process of digestion in his digestive system.
2(e)
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
TOTAL
……………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
6 4551

3. Diagram 3 shows the phases in a cell division in cell X. The phases are not in
the correct sequence.

P Q R

S T U

DIAGRAM 3

(a) (i) Name the type of cell division.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 3(a)(i)
[1 mark]
(ii) State an organ where this cell division takes place.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 3(a)(ii)
[1 mark]

(b) State the number of chromosomes of cell X during phase P and phase U.
3(b)
P: …….……………………… U: …….………………………
[2 marks]
(c) (i) State the name of each phase of the cell division in Table 1

Phase Name of the phase
P
Q
R
S
T
U
3(c)(i)
TABLE 1
[3 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
7 4551

(ii) State the phase that brings about variation in organism.
Explain your answer.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 3(c)(ii)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
(d)) Cell X is treated with a type of chemical that retards the function of
centrioles.
Explain what will happen to the chromosomal behavior in stage P.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3(d)
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… TOTAL
[2 marks]

4. Diagram 4 shows human digestive system.

P

Q

R

DIAGRAM 4
(a) (i) Name organ Q.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 4(a)(i)

[1 mark]


SULIT MOZ@C
8 4551

(ii) Explain the process of food digestion in Q.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 4(a)(ii)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

(b) State two effects if the gastric glands in Q are unable to produce
hydrochloric acid.

1 : ..……………………………………………………………………………… 4(b)
2: ……………...…………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(c) Explain one difference between the food that enters P and R.

……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
4(c)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(d) (i) Explain the absorption of proteins in R.

……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 4(d)(i)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(ii) Explain the importance of food digestion which enables nutrients to be
absorbed by the villi.

……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 4(d)(ii)

[2 marks]

TOTAL


SULIT MOZ@C
9 4551

5. Diagram 5 shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

Nitrogen in the
atmosphere

Dead
organisms
Fixation by and animals
nitrogen waste
fixing
bacteria in
the root
nodules of Process X
leguminous
plants

Ammonium Absorption

Nitrites NO2

Compound Y

DIAGRAM 5

(a) Name process X and compound Y.
Process X: ………………………………………………………………………
5(a)
Compound Y: …………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
10 4551

(b) (i) Plants will convert compound Y into an organic compound.
Name the organic compound.
…………………………………………………………………………………… 5(b)(i)
[1 mark]

(ii) Describe the functions of the organic compound named in (b)(i) in plants.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 5(b)(ii)
[2 marks]

(c) (i) Name the bacteria involve in the fixation of nitrogen in nodules of a
leguminous plant.
5(c)(i)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) The microorganism name in d (i) interacts with the leguminous plant.
Name and explain the type of relationship between the two species.
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… 5(c)(ii)
……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(d) Relate the importance of nitrogen cycle in the growth of rabbits.
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
5(d)
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
TOTAL


SULIT MOZ@C
11 4551

Section B
[ 40 marks ]
Answer any two questions from this section.

6. (a) State two differences between passive transport and active transport. [2 marks]
(b)

Red blood cells Red blood cells
in 3% sodium in 0.1% sodium
chloride solution chloride solution
after 30 minutes after 30 minutes

DIAGRAM 6.1
Diagram 6.1 shows a red blood cell immersed in different salt solutions.
Explain what happen to the red blood cell after being immersed in 3% of sodium
chloride solution and 0.1% of sodium chloride solution for half an hour.
[8 marks]

(c) Diagram 6.2 shows the appearance of the plants cell which is immersed in different
concentration of sucrose solution one after another.

Plant cell in 17% of Plant cell in 0.1% Plant cell in 30% of Plant cell in 0.1%
sucrose solution of sucrose solution sucrose solution of sucrose solution
for 30 minutes for 30 minutes for 30 minutes for 30 minutes

DIAGRAM 6.2

Based on Diagram 6.2, describe what happen to the cell in each concentration of
sucrose solution. [10 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
12 4551

7. Diagram 7.1 shows a respiratory structure of an insect.
P
tracheol

body cell

DIAGRAM 7.1

(a) (i) Explain the gases exchange between tracheol and body cell. [4 marks]

(ii) Chitin is a polysaccharide on the outer surface of structure P. Due to the change
in the environment, the insect is unable to form the polysaccharide.
Explain how the absence of chitin affects inhalation and the energy production.
[6 marks]

(b) Diagram 7.2 shows the rate of oxygen intake before, during and after a vigorous
exercise of an athlete.

Oxygen intake
(litre/minute)

Time (min)
Vigorous exercise

DIAGRAM 7.2

(i) Based on the graph, compare the respiration before and during the vigorous
exercise.

(ii) Explain how the oxygen intake by the athlete returns to the normal level at the
25th minute.
[10 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
13 4551

8. (a) Diagram 8.1 shows the daily menu of a pregnant woman.

Breakfast
A plate of fried rice
A can of carbonated drink
An apple

Lunch
A bowl of chicken rice complete with a
piece of roasted drumstick and a bowl
of chicken soup
A plate of fried prawn
A glass of sweetened fruit juice

Dinner
A plate of fried noodle
2 slices of cucumber
A cup of coffee

DIAGRAM 8.1

Does the menu provide a balanced diet for the pregnant woman?
Evaluate the nutrients content and the effects of consuming the foods. .
[10 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
14 4551

(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a schematic diagram of the photosynthesis process.

chlorophyll

C6H12O6
CO2

O2
H2O

DIAGRAM 8.2
Based on Diagram 8.2,
(i) write the chemical equation of photosynthesis.
(ii) define photosynthesis.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 8.3 shows organisms in a pond ecosystem

lotus

Hydrilla sp Elodea sp

DIAGRAM 8.3

Based on Diagram 8.3, describe how Hydrilla sp is able to obtain all the requirement
for photosynthesis.
[6 marks]


SULIT MOZ@C
15 4551

9. (a)
The use of fertiliser increases the amount of phosphate and nitrate in the soil.
This enhances the growth of plants. There are two main types of fertilizers,
which are organic and inorganic fertilisers. Farmers are advised to use organic
fertilizers rather than the inorganic fertilizers. The organic fertilizers release the
nutrients gradually into the soil and this will reduce the amount of nutrients
entering the water system.

Based on the statement, explain how the use of excessive inorganic fertilizers in a
long period of time reduces the population of aquatic organisms.
[10 marks]

(b) Diagram 9 shows a tree grown wildly in an agricultural area.

Bird`s nest
Insects

Roots

Soil

DIAGRAM 9

A farmer plans to cut down the tree to grow vegetables.
Discuss the good and bad effects of this action on human and the ecosystem.
[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER


MOZ@C

SULIT Nama ...................................................... Tingkatan .................... 4551
4551
Biologi
Oktober
2008
2½ jam

DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER
________________________________________________________________

TINGKATAN EMPAT

BIOLOGI
Kertas 3
Satu jam tiga puluh minit

2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di bawah. Untuk Kegunaan
Pemeriksa
1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all the
questions. Markah
Soalan Markah
2. Write your answers for Question 1 in the spaces provided in penuh
the question paper
3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the lined pages at the
end of the question paper in detail. You may use equations,
diagrams, tables, graph and other suitable methods to explain
your answer. 1 33
4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.
5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.
6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless
stated.
7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown
in brackets
8. The time suggested to complete Question 1 is 45 minutes
and Question 2 is 45 minutes 2 17
9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator
10. Hand in this question paper at the end of the examination.
Marks awarded:
Score Description
3 Excellent: The best response
2 Satisfactory: An average response JUMLAH
1 Week: An inaccurate response
0 No response or wrong response

4551 [Lihat sebelah


SULIT MOZ@C
2 4551

Answer all questions.

Question 1

Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical that bubbles when it reacts with a catalase enzyme.
Catalase enzyme is an antioxidant enzyme in living cells. Hydrogen peroxide is converted
into water and oxygen by the catalase enzyme

2H2O2 2H2O + O2

An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of pH on catalase enzyme in potatoes.
Bubbling of gases is used to indicate that a reaction is occurring. The rate of reaction is
determined by measuring the volume of bubbles produced in a unit time. The experiment is
conducted as followed:

1. Three measuring cylinders, P, Q and R are filled with 3.0 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide.
2. 6.0 cm3 of 0.1% hydrochloric acid is added to P, 6.0 cm3 of distilled water is added to Q
and 6.0 cm3 of 0.1% sodium hydroxide is added to R.
3. pH paper is used to measure the pH value of each tube.
4. The potato is cut into three cubes, with the size of 1.0 cm3 each.
5. One potato cube is added into each measuring cylinder.
6. The volume of bubbles produced in each measuring cylinder is observed after
5 minutes and recorded.
7. The results are shown in Diagram 1.

cm3 Volume cm3 Volume cm3 Volume
25 of 25 of 25 of
bubbles bubbles bubbles
= = =
20 20 20

3.0 cm3 3.0 cm3
3
15 hydrogen 15 3.0 cm 15 hydrogen
peroxide hydrogen peroxide
+ peroxide +
6.0 cm3 + 6.0 cm3
10 10 10
0.1% 6.0 cm3 0.1%
hydrochloric distilled sodium
acid water hydroxide
5 + 5 + 5 +
1.0 cm3 1.0 cm3 1.0 cm3
potato potato potato

P Q R
pH 2 pH 7 pH 10
DIAGRAM 1
4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
3 4551

(a) List all materials and apparatus used in this experiment. For
Examiner’s
Materials Apparatus Use

1(a)

[3 marks]

(b) Record the volume of bubbles formed in each measuring cylinder after 1(b)
5 minutes in Diagram 1.
[3 marks]

(c) (i) State two observations made on Diagram 1.

Observation 1

………………………………………………………………………….…………

……………………………………………………………………………….……

Observation 2

………………………………………………………………………………….…
1(c)(i)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

(ii) State the inference for each observation made in (b) (i).

Inference for observation 1

………………………………………………………………………………….…

…………………………………………………………………………………….

Inference for observation 2

………………………………………………………………………………….…

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
4 4551

(d) (i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in the experiment
based on the following criteria:
 pH value
 Volume of bubbles formed
 Rate of reaction (cm3 minute-1)

1(d)(i)

[6 marks]

(ii) Explain the relationship between the test tube content and the volume of
bubbles formed in Q.

………………………………………………………………………………….…

………………………………………………………………………………….…
1(d)(ii)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

(e) (i) State the variables and explain how the variables are operated.

Variables How the variables are operated
Manipulated variable

…………………………… ………………………………………………

…………………………… ………………………………………………

Responding variable

…………………………… ………………………………………………

…………………………… ………………………………………………

Fixed variables

…………………………… ………………………………………………

…………………………… ……………………………………………… 1(e)(i)

[3 marks]

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
5 4551

(ii) State the hypothesis of the experiment.

………………………………………………………………………………….…
1(e)(ii)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

(f) State the relationship between volume of bubbles formed and time in a

medium of pH 7.

………………………………………………………………………………….…

………………………………………………………………………………….…
1(f)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

(g) Based on the experiment, what is enzyme?

...……………………………………………………………………………….…

………………………………………………………………………………….…

…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

(h) The experiment is repeated by using 2 potato cubes sized 0.5 cm3 each.
Predict the observation in measuring cylinder R. Explain your answer.

………………………………………………………………………………….…

………………………………………………………………………………….…
1(g)
…………………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks]

4551 SULIT

SULIT MOZ@C
6 4551

Question 2

Acorbic acid, or vitamin C, is found in fruits and green vegetables. Ascorbic acid is a
reducing agent which decolourises the blue colour of DCPIP solution. The vitamin C in
solutions will deteriorate when exposed to oxygen.

Plan an experiment to determine the vitamin C content in orange, papaya and watermelon
juices.

Your experimental planning need to include the following aspects:

 Statement of identified problem
 Objective of study
 Variables
 Statement of hypothesis
 List of materials and apparatus
 Technique used
 Experimental procedures
 Presentation of data
 Conclusion

[17 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

4551 SULIT

F4 BIOLOGY DIAGNOSTIC 2008 MOZ@C
1 MARKING SCHEME

SULIT 4551
4551
Biologi
Oktober
2008
1¼ jam

DAN SEKOLAH KLUSTER
________________________________________________________________

TINGKATAN EMPAT

PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
BIOLOGI
Kertas 1, 2 dan 3

UNTUK KEGUNAAN PEMERIKSAN SAHAJA

Peraturan pemarkahan ini mengandungi 21 halaman bercetak.

MARKING SCHEME SMS MUZAFFAR SYAH , MELAKA 4551

2 MARKING SCHEME

PAPER 1

No Answer No Answer No Answer No Answer No Answer
1 D 11 A 21 B 31 D 41 D
2 D 12 A 22 C 32 B 42 C
3 A 13 C 23 D 33 D 43 B
4 D 14 B 24 D 34 B 44 B
5 D 15 B 25 C 35 C 45 A
6 C 16 D 26 C 36 C 46 C
7 D 17 A 27 B 37 B 47 D
8 A 18 C 28 C 38 D 48 C
9 D 19 A 29 D 39 B 49 C
10 D 20 A 30 C 40 C 50 B

PAPER 2

Question 1
No Criteria Marks
(a) Able to name tissue K and tissue L.
Answer:
 K: Upper epidermis (cells / tissue) 1
 L: Palisade mesophyll (cells / tissue) 1 2

(b) Able to state the function of cells K and M in a leaf.
Sample answer:
 K: Protect the inner tissues. // Allows light to penetrate. 1
 M: Controls the size of stoma / transpiration / gaseous exchange 1
// Allows gaseous exchange through the stoma. 2

(c) (i) Able to explain the differentiation of cells J to form the xylem tissue.
Sample answer:
 Cells J join end to end, / the wall of cells J at the joints dissolved, 1
 to form a hollow tube / continuous tube (from root to leaves). 1
 The wall of xylem vessel is thickened by lignin. (Any 2) 1 2

(ii) Able to explain the effect on the function of the leaf when the plant
unable to synthesise lignin during the formation of the xylem tissue.
Sample answer:
 Xylem cannot be strengthened / cannot uphold leaf. 1
 Less sunlight received / absorbed. 1
 Slow down the rate of photosynthesis / less glucose produced 1
Or (Any 2)
 Xylem vessels collapsed.
1
 Less water supplied to leaves.
1
 Slow down the rate of photosynthesis / less glucose produced
1 2
(Any 2)
(d) Able to state the meaning of cell specialisation.
Sample answer:
 Cells grow, change shape / differentiate. 1
 To carry out / perform specific function. 1 2


3 MARKING SCHEME

(e) Able to explain the adaptation of palisade mesophyll tissue to enable
the leaf to carry out its function.
Sample answer:
 Upright and closely packed. 1
 Contains large number of chloroplast. 1
 All cells receive maximum amount of sunlight. 1
// Absorb maximum amount of sunlight // energy. 3

TOTAL 13

Question 2
No Criteria Marks
(a) Able to name the parts labelled P and R.
Answer :
 P: Golgi apparatus 1
 R: vesicle // lysosomes 1 2

(b) Able to state the function of mitochondrion.
Sample answer :
 Site of (cellular) respiration // To produce ATP. 1 1

(c) Able to explain the role of nucleus in the synthesis of an enzyme.
Sample answer :
 (Nucleus / DNA) carries genetic information (for protein synyhesis). 1
 Ribosome synthesis the protein. 1 2

(d) (i) Able to complete the schematic diagram to show the mechanism of
enzyme action.
Sample answer :
 Suitable substances : Y 1
 Complete drawing 1 2

(ii) Able to name two characteristic of enzyme based on answer (d)(i).
Sample Answer:
 The reaction of enzyme are highly specific // One enzyme only for 1
one substrate.
 Enzyme reactions are reversible. 1
 Enzymes are not destroyed in the reaction. 1
(Any 2) 2


4 MARKING SCHEME

(e) Able to explain the effect of temperature on the digestion in the
mouth.
Sample Answer:
 Reaction of enzyme decreases. 1
 The active sites change. 1
 Enzymes could not bind with substrates. 1
 Digestion becomes slow. 1
(Any 3) 3

TOTAL 12

Question 3
No Criteria Marks
(a) (i) Able to name the type of cell division.
Answer: meiosis 1 1

(ii) Able to state an organ where meiosis takes place.
Answer: Testis // Ovary 1 1

(b) State the number of chromosomes of cell X during phase P and
phase U. 1
Answer: P = 4; U = 2 1 2

(c) (i) Able to state the name of each phase of the cell division.
Answer:
Phase Name of the phase
P Anaphase I
Q Metaphase I
R Telophase I
S Anaphase II
T Prophase I
U Telophase II
(6 correct=3m; 4-5 correct=2m; 2-3 correct=1m) 3 3

(ii) Able to state and explain the phase that brings about variation in
organism.
Answer: Phase T 1
 Crossing-over occurs. 1
 Exchange of genetic material / segment of chromatid between 1
members of homologous chromosomes.
 Daughter cells have different gene combination. (Any 2) 1 3

(d) Able to explain the chromosomal behavior in stage P when Cell X is
treated with a type of chemical that retards the function of centrioles.
Sample answer:
 The centrioles form spindle fibers to separate chromosomes 1
(during anaphase).
 so the retarded centrioles will cause spindle fibres cannot be 1
formed.
 (As a result) the chromosomes do not line up at equator // 1
metaphase cannot occur. (Any 2) 2

TOTAL 12


5 MARKING SCHEME

Question 4
No Criteria Marks
(a) (i) Able to name organ Q.
Answer: Stomach 1 1

(ii) Able to explain the process of food digestion in the stomach.
Sample answer:
 The food digested in stomach is protein. 1
 Stomach secrete gastric juices contain pepsin. 1
 Pepsin hydrolyses protein to polypeptide. 1 3

(b) Able to state two effects if the gastric glands in the stomach are
unable to produce hydrochloric acid.
Sample answer:
 Bacteria in the food cannot be killed. 1
 Cannot provide acidic medium for enzyme reaction 1
 Pepsin inactive, so proteins are unable to be hydrolysed. 1
 Renin is inactive, so protein in milk cannot be coagulated 1
// caseinogen unable to be transform into insoluble casein.
(Any 2) 2

(c) Able to explain one difference between the foods that enters P
(oesophagus) and R (ileum).
Sample answer:
 The food in R has less content of starch / protein / lipid (than in P). 1
// The food in R has higher content of glucose / amino acid / fatty
acid and glycerol (than in P).
 Starch is broken down / hydrolysed into maltose by amylase / into 1
glucose by maltase / sucrase / lactase.
// Protein is broken down / hydrolysed into polypeptides / peptones
by pepsin / into peptides by trypsin / into amino acid by protease /
erepsin. // Lipid is broken down / hydrolysed into fatty acids and
glycerols by lipase. 2

(d) (i) Able to explain the absorption of proteins in the ileum.
Sample answer:
 Amino acids are absorbed (by the villi). 1
 by facilitated diffusion into blood capillaries. 1
// The remaining amino acids is absorbed by active transport. 2

(ii) Able to explain the importance of food digestion which enables
nutrients to be absorbed by the villi.
Sample answer:
 Complex food material is digested into simpler form. // Protein is 1
hydrolysed / broken down into amino acids // Other examples.
 Simpler molecules / amino acids / other examples are able to pass 1
through the plasma membrane of the villi. 2

TOTAL 12


6 MARKING SCHEME

Question 5
No Criteria Marks
(a) Able to name process X and compound Y.
Answer:
 Process X : Decomposition / decaying 1
 Process Y : Nitrates 1 2

(b) (i) Able to Name the organic compound in plants.
Answer: Amino acids / protein 1 1

(ii) Able to describe the functions of the amino acids / protein in plants.
Sample answer:
 Growth / build new cells / tissue repairs in plants. 1
 Forms nucleic acid / chlorophyll / photosynthetic and respiration 1
enzyme / other examples. 2

(c) (i) Able to name the bacteria involved in the fixation of nitrogen in
nodules of a leguminous plant.
Answer: Rhizobium sp. 1 1

(ii) Able to name and explain the relationship between Rhizobium sp.
and the leguminous plant.
Sample answer:
 Mutualism 1
 Relationship / interaction between two spesies of organism which 1
live closely together and give benefit to both. 2

(d) Able to relate the importance of nitrogen cycle in the growth of
rabbits.
Sample answer:
 Provides nitrate / nitrogen (elements / compound) 1
 Absorb by the plant to synthesise protein. 1
 (When the rabbit eats the plant) the protein is transferred to the 1
rabbit to be used for producing plasma membrane / enzyme /
hormones / growth / build new cells / tissue repairs. 3

TOTAL 11

Question 6
No Criteria Marks
(a) Able to state two differences between passive transport and active
transport.
Answer:
Passive transport Active transport
1
Does not require energy Require energy

Occurs down the Occurs against the
1 2
concentration gradient concentration gradient


7 MARKING SCHEME

(b) Able to explain what happen to the red blood cell after being
immersed in 3% of sodium chloride solution and 0.1% of sodium
chloride solution for half an hour.
Sample answer:

Red blood cell in 3% of sodium chloride solution:
 3% sodium chloride solution is a hypertonic solution compare to 1
the cell.
 Water diffuses out from the cell / red blood cell by osmosis. 1
 The cell becomes flaccid / shrunken. 1
 This is known as crenation. 1

Red blood cell in 0.1% of sodium chloride solution:
 0.1% sodium chloride solution is a hypotonic solution compare to 1
the cell.
 Water diffuses into the cell/ red blood cell by osmosis. 1
 The cell becomes swollen and burst. 1
 This is known as haemolysis 1 8

(c) Able to describe what happen to the cell in each concentration of
sucrose solution.
Sample answer:

Plant cell in 17% of sucrose solution for 30 minutes:
 The plant cell maintain its shape size 1
 17% sucrose solution is isotonic to the concentration of the cell sap 1
in the plant cell
 The rates of movement of water molecule in and out of the cell sap 1
in the plant cell
 The size of the plant cell is maintained. (Any 3) 1

Plant cell in 0.1% of sucrose solution for 30 minutes:
 0.1% sucrose solution is hypotonic to the concentration of cell sap 1
of the plant cell
 As a result, water molecules diffuse into the cell by osmosis 1
 The vacuoles will expand, causing a pressure to be exerted on the 1
cell wall
 The pressure causes the plant cell expands and become turgid. 1
(Any 3)

Plant cell in 30% of sucrose solution for 30 minutes:
 30% sucrose solution is hypertonic to the concentration of cell sap 1
in the plant cell
 As a result, water molecules diffuse out of the plant cell by osmosis 1
 The vacuole becomes smaller, plasma membrane is pulled away 1
from the cell wall
 The plant cell is plasmolysed and becomes flaccid. (Any 3) 1

Plant cell in 0.1% of sucrose solution for 30 minutes:
 0.1% sucrose solution is hypotonic to the concentration of cell sap 1
 As a result, water molecules diffuse in the plant cell by osmosis 1
 The cell undergoes deplasmolysis 1 Max
 The cell return to its normal condition. (Any 3) 1 10

TOTAL 20


8 MARKING SCHEME

Question 7
No Criteria Marks
(a) (i) Able to explain the exchange of gases between tracheole and body
cell.
Sample answer:
 Partial pressure/concentration of oxygen in the tracheole is higher 1
than partial pressure/concentration of oxygen in body cell .
 Oxygen diffuse from tracheole to body cell 1
 Partial pressure/concentration of carbon dioxide in the body cell is 1
higher than partial pressure/concentration of carbon dioxide in
tracheole .
 Carbon dioxide diffuse from tracheole to body cell 1 4

(ii) Able to explain how the absent of chitin affect the process of
inhalation and energy production of the insect.
Sample answer:
 The function of chitin is to prevent trachea from collapsing/sustain 1
the air pressure
 During inhalation high pressure air moves into the trachea. 1
 The absent of chitin will cause the trachea / P to collapse / burst / 1
rupture.
 Air with oxygen cannot reach tracheal. 1
 Body cell cannot get enough oxygen for cellular respiration 1
 The insect does not produce enough energy and respire 1
anaerobically.
 Less energy produced. (Any 6) 1 6

b (i) Able to compare and explain the respiration before and during
vigorous exercise.
Sample answer:

Before (A) During (B) Explanation (E)
1 Aerobic Anaerobic  Before - oxygen intake is
. Respiration Respiration low/the same as oxygen
required/enough oxygen
is supplied to the cell
 During – oxygen required
is more than oxygen
intake

2 The The muscles  Before – oxygen is
. muscles are are in the state sufficient
in normal of oxygen debt  During – oxygen is
condition insufficient / oxygen
supplied is less than
oxygen supplied.

3 Energy Energy  Before – complete break
. produced is produced is down of glucose (produce
more/38 less / 2 ATP more energy)
ATP  During – incomplete break
down of glucose (produce
less energy)


Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008

Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Destaque

Destaque (20)

Semelhante a Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008

Semelhante a Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008 (20)

Biologi f4 sbp akhir tahun 2008