1. D-:GROUP
Prof. Masood-ul-Hassan Javed
Saadi Aljundi ID: 11110044
Abdulrahman Hameed ID:11110042
Ali Abdulghafor ID:11110061
Yaser Alhodaithy ID:11110071
Mustafa Fouad ID:11110120
Hamad Emad Dhuhayr ID:10110067
Scientific
Assignment
5.1Block

2. Contents
Introduction
Material and method
result
Discuses
4
1
2
3
5 Conclusion
6 References
7

3. ( a pharmacological company which study the development of
antibiotics).
 facilitated by laboratories and materials for performing
pharmacological and microbial antibiotics’ researches
 having a specialized section for the animal experiments.
 the company has a research on new antibiotics.
To study the effectiveness of an antibiotic by:
– Firstly, pharmacological experiment. (vitro)
– Secondly, Microbiological experiment. (vitro)
– Thirdly, experiment on animal (vivo)
– And finally these experiments will enable us to test the drug on
humans
INTRODUCTIONANDAIMS

4. 1) Antibiotic SAAHYM.
2) Animal models:- Rabbits.
3) criteria:- used 12 male healthy rabbits.
4) Housing:- They were put in a big, quiet cage and
germfree room with good ventilation, and were exposed to
the sun light at temperature of 27C°.
5) feeding:- They were fed thrice a day, at the early
morning, the afternoon, and the evening each followed by
collection of urine samples.
Material and method

5. Pharmacological part:-
In this part, we test if the drug is metabolized in the liver
and if it stable in the stomach or not.
 to examine metabolism by a liver homogenate.
 to test stability by used solution of ph= 2.
 to divide 6 rabbits to 2 groups.
Microbiological part:-
In this part, we study the bacteria in aerobic culture and
the effect of the antibiotic SAAHYM on them.
 Sterilization of loop in order to put the sample s to form
inoculation and distribute it by “blood agar media”.
 additionally test were performed such as urease and coagulase
test.
 measured the sensitivity the drug by “disk diffusion method”
 Selected 6 male rabbits divided into two groups of three
Con>>Material and method

6.  Pharmacological Part:-
-From this table we can observe that the drug is metabolized by the
liver and at the same time is stable (not hydrolyzed) in the stomach.
- After HPLC analysis of the rabbits’ urine, the experimental group
showed presence of the drug metabolites in the urine.
Result

7.  Microbiological part:-
Finally after doing the experiments we found out that:
• SAAHYM is effective because of the widest clear zone around
the bacteria
• And hence, we can complete the test and apply the drug on Vivo.
Result con>>

8. Pharmacological Part:-
 before take any new drugs we have to experiment it in
animal.
 when test it we have to concern on its metabolism
and affect the highly acidic on it by stomach.
 we used liver homogenate to test the metabolism.
 we used the animals’ urine because, after
metabolism, the drugs are converted to hydrophilic
substances so they can be excreted via urine.
Discuses

9. Microbiological part:-
 (NW 2101) is a new discovered type of bacteria that causes
(RBCs hemolysis mediated exotoxin) which is resistant to all
known antibiotics. It’s mechanism of resistance is based on
the presence of the enzymes β-lactamases.
 The antibiotic SAAHYM’s mechanism of action is through
stoppage of the bacterial cell wall synthesis and stimulating
the autolytic enzymes present in the cell wall of the bacteria.
Discuses con>>

10.  After the successful results followed this experiment, we
need further research and studies to detect any side effects
that may result from this new drug, and also to see the
possibility of using and applying this drug in a clinical trial in
the future.
 After the successful results followed this experiment, we
need further research and studies to detect any side effects
that may result from this new drug, and also to see the
possibility of using and applying this drug in a clinical trial in
the future.
Conclusion

11.  H. P. Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, R.J. Flower, G. Henderson:
Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology. 7th Edition. (Elsevier Inc. 2012).
Chapters: 49-50
 C.K.Bnniker, R.Ananthanarayan. Textbook of microbiology, 8th
edition (Universities Press (India 2009-2010)). Chapters: 4,
5,6,66.
 Richard A. Harvey, Pamela C. Champe: Lippincott’s Illustrated
Reviews Microbiology. 2nd Edition. ( Lippincott’s Williams &
Wiklins 2007). Chapter:19
 Lectures, papers, journals about Animal Experiment provided by
Maastricht University and Alrajhi Colleges.
References

12. Thank you