Toolkit Assesses Accessibility of Parks, Trails

Accessible Parks and Trails
Assessment Toolkit
Appendices A-E

Accessible Parks and Trails Assessment Toolkit 2008

About the Toolkit
The Accessible Parks and Trails Toolkit offers an easy-to-follow process for assessing the
accessibility of parks and trails. The Toolkit complements the Report on Accessible Parks
and Trails in British Columbia that was completed by a diverse group of stakeholders that
included parks, park users, disability organizations and others. The Toolkit includes
everything necessary to assess all elements of a park and its trails. The purpose of this Guide
is to help parks organizations to make better strategic decisions about managing and
upgrading accessibility in their parks.

The Toolkit includes a step-by-step guide for conducting an assessment, Accessible Parks and
Trails Inventory (APTI) spreadsheet, Accessibility Standards and a Glossary of Terms. Start
with the Guide and spreadsheet and follow the steps described below.

Who is this for? When should it be used? What is being assessed?
Assessors and those making After strategic objectives Assets, links, services,
strategic decisions have been set and parks to information and business
be assessed have been practices
determined

Page 2


Appendix A: Step-by-Step Guide for Conducting the Assessments
1. Establish Visitor Use Pattern
Step one of the assessment can be completed on a basic park map. The idea is to annotate a
basic visitor’s experience and circulation pattern on the park map. A day visit, overnight
camper visit or multiple day visit can be included. The map will help to define where to
concentrate the park assessment and ensure that the key areas of the park are included in
the assessment. Think about how someone would spend the day at the site. They would likely
park (at their campsite or at the site of their chosen park activity), go down to the lake for a
picnic, go to the playground, use the washroom etc.

In the example below from Alice Lake Provincial Park, the diagram shows the key assets of
the site circled (thick line) including the accessible campground, washroom, amphitheatre,
beach, playground, picnic area, gatehouse and group camping area. The paths linking these
assets are also important to assess (shown by dotted arrows). The diagram can also include
either different colours or shapes to indicate the importance of the feature. Since there are
designated “accessible campsites” in this park (sites 17 and 18), it is helpful to start the
assessment from these sites. If there are no designated accessible campsites, start the
assessment from key assets in the park (parking or washrooms) to determine where the most
convenient accessible campsite could be located. This initial process will help to focus the
assessment to efficiently identify site specific assets and paths that will provide the most
impact if improved.

Step 1- Initial assessment

Page 3


2. Fill in Basic Information
Once determining where the assessment will occur within the park, fill in the basic
information about the park being assessed. Each park will require its own file and should be
labelled with the park name and assessment date (i.e. Alice Lake-2008-06-29.xls).

Accessible Parks and Trails Inventory (APTI)

Name of Park
Region

Nearest Community
Park Manager

Date of Assessment

Assessor(s)

Page 4


3. Conduct Inventory
To begin the assessment, using the APTI spreadsheet, start by identifying all the key
assets and trails that will be assessed based on Step 1. Input these details in the left
hand rows (see #3 on Figure below). Assign status levels (how important something is
to a park with 0 being critical, 1 being very important, 2 moderately important and 3
not very important) to each asset and trail (see #4 on Figure below).

Utilizing the Worksheet templates provided on the tabs at the bottom of the spreadsheet,
ensure there is a column to place input for each instance of each asset and trail. If there are
multiple washrooms, add a column to the right of the questions to input results. The following
is a list of all the assets for which standards have been developed (Appendix D):

Common Measures Cabins Garbage/Recycling
Clear space Kayak Campsite Fountain/Faucet
Cross slope Hook-ups Dock
Entrances Pedestal Grill Fishing Pier
Hand Controls Firepits/Fireplace Boardwalk
Barriers Firewood area Laundry Facilities
Hazards Restaurants
Knee Clearance Amenities Benches
Stairs Parking Rest Stops
Ramps Washrooms Playground
Surfaces Showers Park Kiosk Signage
Signage Picnic Areas Information/reception
Picnic Shelter
Camping Kitchen Facilities Features
Tent Sites Telephone Beach access
Drive-in Sites Pay Station Outdoor theaters
Viewing Areas

Page 5


4. Assess Assets and Links
Using your Step 1 map and inventory list, go into the field and conduct the assessment on the
assets and trails. Remember to start from a key asset such as an accessible campsite. Each
tab contains pre-defined questions and assessment values based on the answers to the
questions in the spreadsheet. Features that are not accessible will get a rating of 0, basic
access 1, intermediate access 2, and universal access 3. Place the final ratings in the
Summary tab. If, during the process of assessing, additional assets or trails are identified, add
a column in the appropriate tab and record the results. These values will be used to assign a
final assessment value to that asset.
COMMON MEASURES Site A Site B Site C Photo No.

Requirements for Basic Access
Common Measures
1 Clear space- Is there 760 X 1200 mm clear space to approach an object head on?
Easy to operate hand controls- controls operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without tight grasping or
2 twisting of wrist
3 Operating height- beween 380 mm and 1200 mm

No barriers- no objects (natural or built) that reduces path widths to less than 920 mm or no gaps greater than 13 mm
4 wide or threshold greater than 13 mm high, or no gaps greater than 6mm if running parallel to direction of travel
5 No hazards- warnings provided for hazards
6 Surface- firm, stable (could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making ruts?)

WASHROOM Site A Site B Site C Site D Photo No.
Entrance to Washroom
1
1 Is there at least one accessible path to the washroom?
2 Is the door at least 810 mm wide (760 mm for single occupancy toilet)?
2
3 Are door handles and locks easy to operate ?
3
4 Can the door be opened with a minimal amount of force ?
2
5 Is the doorway free of barriers and a threshold less than 13 mm high?
6 Is there a 1.5 m X 1.5 m clear space in front of door?

View the Accessibility Standards Appendix D to see all the standards for all assets and links.

As you conduct assessments, estimate the cost of upgrading the asset or trail if possible. The
cost of upgrading will vary according to what level of access will be achieved. For an
inaccessible asset (access level = 0), an asset could be upgraded to 1 (to basic access), 2 (to
intermediate access) or 3 (to universal access levels). Assign values for each level upgrade (1
= maintenance cost; 2 = short-term capital upgrade; and 3 = long-term capital upgrade). For
upgrades not possible (i.e. an asset already at intermediate access, there is only 1 upgrade
level possible), assign a value of 99 which will highlight that such an upgrade is not
applicable. Insert the cost levels onto the spreadsheet (see #8-10 on Figure above).

5. Review and Rethink
A key part in terms of these assessments is to provide solutions and alternatives to site
situations that are not easily altered to improve accessibility. At Alice Lake, for example, the
slopes from the accessible campsite to the main assets of the site, the lake, beach, picnic
area, and amphitheatre are too steep for a wheelchair user, and cannot be easily altered.
These paths are noted with X’s on the figure below. During the site visit, alternatives should
be investigated.

Page 6


Step 5a - Problem links

In response to these grade challenges during the assessment it would be helpful to determine
if there is another campsite alternative that would work better with grades and the key assets
of this park site. At Alice Lake, for example, campsites 77 and 78 provide a good alternative
to campsites 17 and 18 for access. These sites are adjacent to an accessible washroom
building and are close to the road. The road provides an accessible link to key park assets
without steep grades. As a result of this analysis, the assessment should now include sites 77,
78, the washroom building and additional links.

Page 7


5b - Propose Alternatives

6. Assess Trails
Similar to the asset/link assessment, a conceptual visitor trail experience map should be
identified. Trails that are essential to the experience at the park, including interpretive
trails, trails to key viewpoints, popular walks, trails that are not too steep, link to parking
etc. should be identified as candidates for assessment.

Step 6a- Identify key trails

Page 8


With this initial review map, trail assessments are focussed on key trails. The standards for
trails are outlined in Appendix D. Alternative routes for trails may also be identified during
the assessment. Trails that are not suitable for upgrades due to difficult slopes, other
significant site conditions, extreme cost or environmental or cultural issues should be noted
on the review map.

Step 6b- Eliminate trails not suitable for
upgrades

7. Assess Services, Information and Business Practices
Independently, you can assess the services, information and communications and business
practices that the park employs. See list below for examples.

Recreation Services
• Swimming-life guard
• Fishing
• Boating
• Horseback Riding

Other Services
• Interpretive Services
• Outreach/Education Programs
• Interpreter Services
• Translators
• Event Services
• Transit to and from park

Page 9


Information
• Web
• Maps
• Publications-marketing
• Signage
• Wayfinding
• Spoken Word
• A/V Presentations
• Face-to-face communications

Business Practices
• Training
• Hiring
• Orientation
• Security
• Emergency
• Policies

8. Analysis
After the field assessment is complete, data should be inputted into the APTI Spreadsheet and
copies made of any maps or diagrams filed. Analysis will be conducted on assets and trails
individually and together to better determine how well connected the accessible park
experience is for users. The Summary Tab on the APTI will be used to collect all relevant data
used in the analysis.

Asset and Trails Analysis

Page 10


Explanation of Columns

Asset/Trail Name
Unique name of asset (.ie. Lake Washroom, Campground A Washroom, Trail Washroom). For
Trails include origin and terminus.

Access Level
Final access rating for that asset or trail
0 = not accessible 1 = basic 2 = intermediate 3 = universal

Status
Subjective importance of that asset based on objectives and relative to that park

High Status Park Features: accessible campsite, accessible showers, accessible washrooms,
key trails, parking, other washrooms, key viewpoints)

0 = critical 1 = high status 2 = moderate status 3 = low status

Cost 1, Cost 2, Cost 3
Estimated cost to upgrade an asset or trail 1, 2 or 3 access levels.

1 = within maintenance budget 2 = short-term capital upgrade 3 = long-term capital
upgrade
99 = not possible (i.e. if an asset is already universally accessible, it cannot be upgraded)

Factor
The factor number is a subjective multiplier of the importance of a particular measure. The
default values are 2 for access, 5 for status, 5 for upgrade of 1 access level cost (i.e 1 to 2), 3
for an upgrade of 2 access levels (i.e. 1 to 3) and 2 for an upgrade of 3 access levels (i.e. 0 to
3)

Totals
The totals reflect a sum of scores (i.e. Total 1 = Access Score (Access * Factor) + Status Score
(Status * Factor) + Cost 1 Score (Cost 1 * Factor). The totals can be used to rank order
accessibility decisions with the lower scores being the most important. A low score reflects
“low hanging fruit”. These are assets and trails that have high status, low current access and
low cost to upgrade. To highlight this, cells are colour coded (red for most important, yellow
for moderately important and green for least important) based on a subjective range. In this
case a total score less than 19 was given high importance and a score above 22 a low
importance.

To efficiently arrive at these conclusions, it is suggested that subjective status levels are
assigned prior to field assessment and cost estimates are done after a feature’s access level is
determined while still in the field.

Page 11


9. Making Decisions
In the end, the assessment will provide data that allows park managers to make more
informed decisions as to where their accessibility efforts should be focussed and some
estimates on the cost of these decisions. Decisions need to be made relative to the strategic
objectives laid out during the strategic planning process.

Page 12


Appendix B: Inventory Spreadsheet - sample pages

COMMON MEASURES Site A Site B Site C Photo No.

Common Measures
1 Clear space- Is there 760 X 1200 mm clear space to approach an object head on?
Easy to operate hand controls- controls operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without tight grasping or
2 twisting of wrist
3 Operating height- beween 380 mm and 1200 mm

No barriers- no objects (natural or built) that reduces path widths to less than 920 mm or no gaps greater than 13 mm
4 wide or threshold greater than 13 mm high, or no gaps greater than 6mm if running parallel to direction of travel
5 No hazards- warnings provided for hazards
6 Surface- firm, stable (could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making ruts?)

WASHROOM Site A Site B Site C Site D Photo No.
Entrance to Washroom
1
1 Is there at least one accessible path to the washroom?
2 Is the door at least 810 mm wide (760 mm for single occupancy toilet)?
2
3 Are door handles and locks easy to operate ?
3
4 Can the door be opened with a minimal amount of force ?
2
5 Is the doorway free of barriers and a threshold less than 13 mm high?
6 Is there a 1.5 m X 1.5 m clear space in front of door?

Page 13


Appendix C: Glossary of Terms

ADA- Americans with Disabilities Act- is a comprehensive federal civil-rights statute
protecting the rights of people with disabilities. It affects access to employment; state and
local government programs and services; access to places of public accommodation such as
businesses, transportation, and non-profit service providers; and telecommunications

Alternate Formats - Individuals with print-based disabilities often benefit from texts
available in alternate formats, including digital electronic text, digital audio narration,
Braille, large print, or sometimes even combinations of these

Assessment Value – level of accessibility determined by the assessment criteria

Assets – built and naturally occurring features in a park; also known as a node

Business Practices – the underlying policies, procedures and programs that help a park and its
resources function

Cost – estimated cost for upgrading a park feature which can be an absolute value, if known,
or along a relative scale with 0 being no work required, X being the highest cost required and
X-Y being a value between the lowest and highest values

CSA- Canadian Standards Association (develop standards that address needs, such as
enhancing public safety and health)

Firm surface- not noticeably distorted or compressed by wheelchair wheels

Information – information about the features and services a park has in any and all formats
including face-to-face communications

Links – the general term for all paths and trails within a park

Paths- provide access to elements within a picnic, camping or recreational area where site
modifications are intended for visitor convenience and comfort. Paths are mainly for
circulation purposes.

Priority rating – the subjective value (1 = low 3 = high) given for the importance of an asset
to that park; instances of the same asset types might receive different values (i.e. day use
washroom might get a 2 priority versus a 3 priority for camp washrooms)

Services –activities offered in a park that may or may not include customer service

Slip resistant- not slippery under wet or dry conditions

Stable surface- not permanently affected by normally occurring weather conditions and able
to sustain normal wear and tear between planned maintenance cycles

Trails- are usually recreational or scenic routes that may go to viewpoints, or connect to other
trails.

Page 14


Appendix D: Accessibility Standards
The standards outlined below are a combination of standards/best practices from a variety of
sources. Based on the principles of universal design, these standards are intended to
maximize accessibility for park users in an efficient and effective manner.

The standards explained below set out the minimal values required to reach a specific level.
Each higher level requires all the attributes of the level below plus additional values, except
where denoted. Because certain measures are duplicated often, they are provided in the
Common Measures section.

Basic Access

Basic access ensures that someone with limited mobility or using a wheelchair can get to
and/or inside a facility or feature (including main entrances and public washrooms, if
available). Some people may require assistance to access all features (trails, beaches etc.)

Intermediate Access

Intermediate access builds on basic access by providing safe access throughout facilities and
use of amenities for both people with mobility and visual impairments. Trails are negotiable
by most wheelchair users.

Universal Access
Universal access ensures full access to all aspects of a facility or feature, as it relates to the
following aspects of ability.

• Cognitive/developmental
• Partial/Full sight loss
• Partial/Full hearing loss
• Coordination/Agility (upper or lower extremities)
• Finger dexterity
• Stamina
• Reliance on mobility aids
• Extreme of size and weight

(Diagrams below adapted from Timesaver Standards for Landscape Architects; Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation: A Design
Guide. 1993. PLAE Inc; The Building Access Handbook. Illustrated commentary on Access Requirements in the 1998 BC Building
Code. 1998. Crown Publications, British Columbia; Design Guidelines for Accessible Outdoor Recreation Facilities. 1994. Parks
Canada; California State Parks Accessibility Guidelines 2005. Accessibility Section. Acquisition and Development Division; US
Department of Agriculture Accessibility Guidebook for Outdoor Recreation and Trails. May 2006)

Page 15


Assets
Words in italics refer Basic Access Intermediate Access Universal Access
to common measures
Common Measures
Clear Space to • 760 mm X 1200 mm • 760 mm X 1200 mm required in either direction
approach object required to approach so wheelchair user can approach object from
(Fig. 1) object (trash can, front or side. (min area 1200 mm X 1200 mm)
vending machine
etc.)
Cross Slope • Maximum cross slope 2% (1:50) in any direction (Up to 3% in areas for
(Fig. 2) drainage requirements (1:33))
• Max 3% on paths and trails (up to 5% for drainage if necessary)
Entrance • Doors and gates must be minimum 810 mm wide
(Fig. 3) • Easy to operate door handle (lever style)
• Door requires minimal force to open (8lbs max)
• Accessible path and no barriers to access door
• No threshold over 13 mm high, where over 6mm high should be bevelled at
a slope of 1:2
• 1500 mm X 1500 mm space in front of all doors with 600 mm clearance
beside
• Clear signage indicating accessible entrance if not principal entrance
Easy to operate hand • Controls should be operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without
controls tight grasping or twisting the wrist
(Fig. 4) • Operating heights 380 mm- 1200 mm

Figure 1. Minimum Clear Space Figure 2. Maximum Cross Slope

Figure 3. Entrance Figure 4. Easy to operate handles and universal operating height

Page 16


to common measures
No barriers • Any object (natural or built) that reduces the path of travel to less than 920
(Fig. 5) mm wide or has a gap over 13 mm wide or threshold greater than 13 mm
• No gratings running parallel to travel path unless less than 6 mm apart
No hazards • There is adequate • All ground level hazards are protected
(Fig. 6,7) warning for hazards • No hazards exist hanging 2000 mm from above
(signage) • Objects should not protrude into the path more
than 300 mm with a maximum of 680 mm above
the ground
Knee clearance • Clearance under counters/objects 680 mm high X 760 mm wide X 480 mm
(Fig. 8) deep
Stairs • Handrails and stair details as per figures (BC • Detectable warning
(Fig. 9-11) Building Code) surfaces to warn of
• No open risers upcoming stair in
• Slip resistant surface urban settings and
• Handrail 865-965 mm in height, extends 300 mm high use areas.
past top riser and continues one tread depth • If used, should be
plus 300 mm parallel to floor past bottom riser used consistently
• Handrail continuously graspable along entire throughout site
length at least on one side

Figure 5. No barrier Figure 6. Protection from overhead hazard

Figure 7. Protection from protruding hazards Figure 8. Knee clearance

Page 17


Figure 9. Stair Nosing

Figure 10. Handrails and warning strip

Page 18


to common measures
Ramps • Maximum 1:12 rise • Handrails required • Edge protection is
(Fig. 12) (8.33%) on both sides of provided if drop off
• Minimum 920 mm ramp if slope greater is greater than 600
wide than 1:20 mm
• Maximum cross slope • Handrails not
2% to ensure required if ramp rise
drainage is less than 150 mm
• Landings 1500 mm in • Handrails continuous
length by width of the full length of the
ramp required at ramp, 860-965 mm
top, bottom and at above ramp surface
changes of direction
in ramp, as well as
for every 910 mm
vertical rise

Surface • Firm, stable (Could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making
ruts?), with an accessible cross slope
• Examples of surfaces include finely crushed aggregate, reinforced grass,
paving, compacted wood chip surfaces, paving
• Stairs, ramps, docks should have slip resistant surfaces
Signage • 24 point font with • Alternate formats • Alternate formats at
high contrast exist at entrance of entrance of all
between foreground key buildings and buildings and
and background) amenities amenities
• Minimal glare and • Signage should be • Signage uses simple
reflection observable from language or symbols
seating or standing
positions (centre of
sign 1170-1575 mm
above grade Fig. 27)

Figure 11. Railing Figure 12. Ramp detail (max 8.33%)

Page 19


to common measures
Camping
Tent Sites • At least one • Site connected to • Wheelchair
(Fig. 13) accessible site per accessible path accessible tent
park • Accessible sites are platforms, if
• Accessible surface unmarked and provided, should be
• Provide min 1200 mm reserved on request 430-485 mm above
clear space around • Within 30m of grade
tent pad and other nearest accessible • Variety of locations
fixed elements washroom, 60 m of accessible tent
• Picnic tables allow within common sites
for knee clearance in facilities (water
at least one spot etc.)
• No barriers or
hazards
• Within 60 m of
accessible washroom

Drive-in Sites • 4800 mm wide X 6000 mm long parking space • An accessible RV
(5000 min long for cars, 6000 mm long for RVs) with a lift may
require a 6000 mm
wide parking spot

Cabins/Lodging • Accessible entrance • clear space beside • Clear space under
• Corridors min 1500 bed the bed 180 mm high
mm X 760 mm deep to
store mobility aids
Kayak Campsite • Tent site with an • A pit toilet should
accessible surface be provided closest
should be provided as to the tent site as
near to the high tide possible along an
mark as possible accessible path
• A 1500 mm wide • In more developed
route of travel sites, an accessible
cleared of barriers path should link the
(logs, boulders) beach to the
should be provided accessible tent site.
from the kayak beach
site to the accessible
tent site

Figure 13. Tent site clear space

Page 20


to common measures
Hook-ups • Clear space in front of feature
• No barriers
• Easy to operate hand controls
• Accessible surface
Pedestal grill • Accessible surface • Cooking surface • Adjacent horizontal
(Fig. 14) with 1200 mm clear 750– 900 mm above surface, at grill
free draining ground ground with 680 mm height, at least 200
space around ring knee clearance mm wide on which to
place hot objects

Fire Pits/Fireplace • Accessible surface • 450 - 600 mm high
(Fig. 14,15) with 1200 mm clear ring for safety, max
free draining ground 600 mm deep
space around ring • grate heights on
fireplaces 420 – 475
mm above ground
• Fire building surface
230 mm from
ground
Firewood • Wood bins should have a 920 mm clear opening for wheelchair access
• No barriers to access wood

Figure 14. Pedestal grill and fireplace

Figure 15. Fire place/fire pit

Page 21


to common measures
Amenities
Parking • At least 1 designated accessible spot per 100 • 4.7 m wide spot
(Fig. 16) spaces that are 3.7 m wide, 7.5 m deep, required for vans
including a 1.2 m wide walkway with lifts
• Accessible spots and drop off zones should be • Bus drop off areas
located as close as possible to entrance/feature should be connected
• Accessible path to connect parking to entrance, to an accessible
amenity or feature (no barriers-curb cut path, with a
provided) maximum curb
• Accessible surface height of 200 mm to
• Accessible parking spaces should be clearly allow for the
marked with an upright sign(1.5m from ground operation of
to bottom of sign) or pavement sign standard lifts
Washrooms including • Accessible entrance • Sink has knee • Insulated pipes
pit toilets • 1500 X 1500 mm clearance and clear under basin to
(Fig. 17) space within stall space prevent leg contact
• Stall door opens • Toilet is 400 mm – • Urinal mounted with
outward 460 mm high rim max 500 mm
• Accessible cross • Grab bar behind above floor with no
slope around pit toilet (fig 17a) barriers
toilet structure • Clear signage, • Where mirrors are
• Easy-to-operate hand Braille, or raised provided, at least
controls on faucets, lettering outside one mounted with
toilets, stall doors, washroom bottom edge 1000
soap and dispensers mm above the
• Grab bar on wall finished floor or is
beside toilet tilted to allow for
viewing from seated
position

Figure 16. Parking Layout

Figure 17. Washroom layout
Page 22
Figure 17a. Grab Bars


Basic Access Intermediate Access Universal Access

Showers • Accessible entrance • Shower head for low • Roll-in shower
(indoor/outdoor) to shower stall and rinsing shower (shower chair
(Fig. 18,19) building mounted 1220-1350 available)
• Slip resistant surface mm, 1830 mm for
• Clear space in front standing shower
of shower for • Easy to operate hand
manoeuvring controls
• Chair available to sit • Permanent bench to
on while using transfer within reach
shower of shower controls
• Grab bars mounted
750 mm above
ground (bottom
edge) along two walls
if possible
Picnic Areas • Accessible surface • Some picnic tables • All picnic tables
(Fig. 20) • Minimum of 1200 mm should be connected accommodate
clear space around to an accessible path wheelchairs
the picnic table • Accessible tables
• No barriers to table situated in variety of
pad or picnic shelter picnic settings (some
• Knee clearance is in shaded areas)
provided to at least • Accessible pedestal
one spot at picnic grills adjacent to
table accessible tables
• Picnic table or picnic • Located 200 m from
shelter reached by parking, toilets and
accessible path water if possible

Figure 19 Outdoor Shower

Figure 18. Indoor shower

Figure 20 Picnic area
Page 23


to common measures
Kitchen Facilities • Accessible entrance • Clear space in front • Knee clearance under
• Accessible path of utility sinks counters
leading to facility • Easy to operate
hand controls
Telephone • Located on an • Instructions meet signage standards
Pay Stations accessible path
• Clear space in front
of feature
• Easy to operate hand
controls
• Knee clearance
Garbage/Recycling • Receptacles set back 300 mm from paths • Easy to operate hand
• Openings less than 1 m high controls (unless bear
• Clear space, accessible surface proof receptacles
• No barriers required)
• Instructions meet
signage standards
Drinking Water • 750-900 mm from ground to spout outlet
Fountain or Water • Accessible surface with clear space in front adjacent to accessible path
Faucet • No hazards, barriers
(Fig. 21) • Easy to operate hand controls
• Knee clearance

Figure 21. Water faucet

Page 24


to common measures
Dock • Access to the dock • Dock heights within • Dock edges should be
(Fig. 22,23) area should be from 450 – 600 mm of the emphasized with a
an accessible path water level allow colour contrasting
• Accessible ramps easier access to strip that is a
• No barriers or boats minimum of 50 mm
hazards • If provided, edge wide
• Min 1500 mm wide protection 75 mm • Tiered transfer
high platforms can be
used to access water
from dock
• Extended rail support
is helpful for added
stabilization when
entering boat
Fishing Pier • Accessible surface • In developed sites, • If fish cleaning tables
(Fig. 24) • Integrated with a 75 mm high curb provided, a section
accessible path edge should be of table should be
• A 1200 mm X 1200 provided provided for
mm area is required • safety rail of at wheelchair users
for one angler. least 800 mm in with knee clearance
• 1200 mm space height for seated • Washrooms, parking
behind the anglers users and 1070 mm within 200 m if
for unrestricted for standing anglers possible
pedestrian • Top rail slants
circulation towards angler for
armrest (Fig 24)
• Shade, shelter and
seating provided

Figure 22. Boat access Figure 23. Example of universal access to water

Figure 24. Fishing pier

Page 25


to common measures
Boardwalks • No barriers or • Curb edge not less
hazards than 75 mm high, if
• Accessible surface in provided
transition from • Maximum 5% slope
path/trails to
boardwalks
• Min 1500 mm wide
Laundry Facilities • Provide clear space • Access to at least one of each type of machine
to machine installed for public use
• Easy to operate hand controlsl
Restaurants • Accessible entrance, path to accessible table • Menus are available
• Knee clearance at tables/counters in alternate formats
Benches • The height of the • Benches with back support are preferable
(Fig. 25) front edge of the • Armrests either in the centre or on one end of
seating surface the bench assist people in rising
should be between
430-480 mm above
grade, with a depth
of 500-600 mm
Rest Stops • Provided where pedestrians must walk long distances, spacing depends on
(Fig. 26) trail difficulty (see trail standards)
• Rest areas should be set back 600 mm from the trail or path
• Accessible surface to and around bench
• Clear space for wheelchair beside bench

Figure 25. Accessible bench Figure 26. Rest stop

Page 26


to common measures
Playground • CSA standard for fall • Continuous • Follows CSA-Z614
surfacing and accessible path Annex H Guidelines
accessibility (ie. no throughout play for Playground
pea gravel or sand) area, connecting equipment
• Curb cut/ramp into accessible activities • Seating areas
play areas and seating provided with clear
• Playground • Min 1500 mm wide space beside benches
equipment meets path • Shade
CSA –Z614 Standards
Park Kiosk Signage- • Meets basic signage • Significant grade changes identified on maps
Park Map (Fig. 27) requirements • Enough information provided so users can
• All restrooms, decide whether to attempt trail (distance,
drinking water, trail grade, cross slope, etc.)
lengths and elevation • Rest areas and distance between indicated
gain marked on map
• “you are here”
identified
• Accessible path to
kiosk/sign, Sign
within 1800 mm of
path edge
Information/reception • Accessible section in counter if counter more
desk/concession than 2 m long
• Counter less than 900 mm above floor with knee
clearance
• Pens and paper available for communication
• Menu in alternative format

Figure 27. Park kiosk signage

Page 27



Features
Beach access • Accessible path to • Accessible path • Access path extends
(Fig. 28,29) the sand/water provided to water’s 900 mm beyond the
viewing area edge with surfaces water’s edge (high
including: flexible tide or average water
rubber runners, level in a lake)
beach mats, • Path does not exceed
boardwalk, snow to a water depth
fencing greater than 750
• Surfaces can be mm. Dock access
used seasonally acceptable.
where severe winter • Dry/level place (1200
conditions prevail X 1200 mm) to
park/leave mobility
aids adjacent to
water’s edge
• If beach wheelchairs
are provided, signage
should be posted to
indicate availability
Outdoor Theatres • Accessible entrance • Captioning available • Access on to the
(Fig. 30) • Accessible path to or alternate stage is barrier free
seats communication • Stage edge marked
• At least two options upon with colour
accessible seating request contrasted strip
(900 X 1200 mm) • Provide variety of • At least 600 mm wide
spaces with adjacent seating locations, aisles provided for
companion seating including seats easier ambulatory
• Clear sightlines where wheelchair access
without obstructing users can transfer
view for others

Figure 28. Example of beach matting

Figure 29. The pathway/boardwalk should extend 900 mm
beyond the water’s edge at high tide (or average water level in
a river)

Figure 30. Outdoor theatre seating

Page 28


Viewing Areas • Located on an • Guard rails, if • If a telescope or
(Fig. 31, 32) accessible path required, are 1070 periscope is
• Clear space at mm high max provided, at least
viewing area (allows for visibility one must be useable
• No barriers or from seated from a seated and
hazards position) standing position or
• Vertical rails spaced have a moveable arm
less than 100 mm with easy to operate
apart provide good hand controls
visibility through a • Clear signage
higher guardrail

Figure 31. Visibility at guardrail

Figure 32. Viewing scope usable from seated position

Page 29


Links
Paths- (Accessible paths ensure universal access connecting main park elements, and must be
continuous and free from obstructions. They should be the main path of travel for the general public
to the maximum extent feasible)
Slope • 5% slope (1:20) or less, unlimited distance (max slope 5% on boardwalk)
• From 5.1% to 8.3% (1:12) for maximum distance of 15 m
• From 8.34% for maximum distance of 9 m
• No slopes greater than 10% permitted
Cross Slope • Cross slope not to exceed 3% (5% maximum if necessary for proper
drainage)
Surface • Firm, stable
Resting areas • Provided every 15 m for slopes between 1:20 and 1:12, every 9 m for
(Fig. 33) slopes between 1:12 and 1:10
• 1500 m in length by width of path
• Distances may be increased between areas depending on site conditions
Width • Minimum 920 mm (1500 m minimum for boardwalk)
(Fig. 34) • Width can be reduced to 810 mm for a distance of 600 mm maximum
• Where route less than 920 mm, passing spaces 1500 X 1500 mm should be
provided every 60-90 m.
• A t intersection in a path can also be used as a passing space
Barriers/Hazards • No hazards or barriers (See Common Measures)
Edge protection • If provided, should have a height of 75 mm (used at least on one side if
(Fig. 35) drop from path is greater than 75 mm)
• If drop from trail exceeds 600 mm, a railing should be provided

Figure 33. Resting areas along path

Figure 34. Passing spaces along narrow trail

Figure 35. Edge protection with a 500 mm min shoulder cleared of vegetation.

Page 30


Trails- (Trails are usually recreational or scenic routes that may go to viewpoints, other trails, or are
simply circle routes. Trails enhance the visitors’ experience of natural and cultural features of a site
allowing a varied levels of access). Based on Kananaskis Standards, Alberta.
Universal Intermediate Access Basic Access
Class (for all users) (for most users) (for some users)
Length of Trail- (accessibility 0-3 km 1-5 km 3+ km
also depends on terrain,
endurance level of individual)
Width 1.2-1.5 mm 1.2-1.5 mm <920 mm
• Same as path
Surface • Paved (asphalt, • Compacted • Packed dirt
concrete) crushed • Compacted wood
• Boardwalk aggregate chips (small gauge,
• Compacted • Reinforced grass well compacted)
crushed • Surface firm in all • Crushed gravel
aggregate (6 mm weather
(1/4”)
• Surface firm in
all weather
Max grade (running slope) 1:16 (6%) 1:10 (10%) 1:8 (12%)

Max grade X length before 1:16 for 15 m 1:16 for 50 m 1:16 for 100 m
resting area required 1:10 for 4 m 1:10 for 20 m
(Fig. 36,37) 1:8 for 8 m

Figure 36. Measuring grade with a hand level Figure 37. Measuring grade with a digital level.

A detailed universal trail assessment process that uses a clinometer and digital inclinometer to measure grade
and cross slope has been developed by Beneficial Designs (a US based firm) www.beneficialdesigns.com

Page 31


Universal Intermediate Access Basic Access
Class (for all users) (for most users) (for some users)
Shoulder No drops Minimal drops variable
Cross slope 2% max 3% max 3.0% max
Use frequency (ie. demand for Med-heavy Medium Light-med
use of a particular trail))
Trail access Paved parking Paved parking, other From roadway
trail
Rest stop/benches 1 per 200m 1 per 400 m optional
Edge condition • 75 mm curb • 75 mm curb at • 75 mm curb at
provided where difficult or difficult or
the vertical drop hazardous hazardous locations
from the trail locations
exceeds 75 mm
• Curb also offers
“shoreline” for
visually impaired
users
Barriers • No barriers • No barriers • May find some
obstacles
Feature • A trail that goes
past a prominent
feature should
provide basic access
at least to the
feature unless there
is a significant
environmental
barrier

Page 32


Services, Information and Communications and Business Practices

Services
Recreation • All recreational • Adapted equipment • Adapted equipment
activities made is is available for rent
available to people with permitted/available for appropriate
disabilities for use with activities
activities

Programs • All programs made
available to people with
disabilities
Event Services • all events made • Programs take into consideration of the needs
available to people with of people with disabilities
disabilities
Transit Services • If transit services are • Accessible transit services are available to and
available, drop-off and from the park
pick-up areas are
accessible

Information
Web • Website is W3C Compliant
• Information about park-specific accessibility is provided

Maps • Maps show accessibility • Maps are available
features in large font
versions
Publications • Publications are
available in large (14)
point font
Signs • Map readability- 24 • Signs should be • Graphic information
point type size, sans setback 450-600 mm is accessible to all
serif from pathways including those with
• Signage should be • The international mobility, learning
observable from seating symbol of and visual
or standing positions accessibility should impairments.
(centre of sign 1170- be displayed at • Raised or routed
1575 mm above grade accessible parking letters are helpful
for wall mounted sign) spaces, loading for visually impaired,
zones, accessible as are raised relief
restrooms, and maps
accessible site and • Where possible,
facility entrances signage
that are not the complemented by
primary entrance informational
brochures can
provide more
detailed information

Page 33



Wayfinding • Warning signs directing people away from barriers and hazards
• Includes simple graphics, landmarks, and colour to enhance orientation
• Symbols and diagrams are preferred over text
Audio-Visual • Alternate audio and visual formats should be provided when audio or visual
services are provided
Face-to-Face • Disability sensitive • Awareness of disability specific needs should be
(Customer Service) communications should applied when providing park information
always be used

Business Practices

Recruitment & • People with disabilities are actively recruited
Hiring
Orientation & • Staff training includes • Staff orientation and communications include
Training general disability park-specific accessibility awareness
awareness training
Emergency • Emergency procedures consider people with disabilities and are embedded
Procedures into regular training
Universal Design • Principles of universal design are considered for all developments
• Feedback from park users is actively sought

Page 34


Appendix E: References and Links
The references listed below provide sources for sources/references for more detailed
accessibility information. Web links provided are good sources for the most up to date access
information.

• Annex H CAN/CSA-Z614 Children’s Playspaces and Equipment Standards.
• Barrier Free Guidelines Design Manual Vol 3. 1996. Ontario Parks.
• Boulder Area Accessible Trails and Natural Sites. 2006. Boulder Parks and Recreation
Expand Program.
• California State Parks Accessibility Guidelines 2005. Accessibility Section. Acquisition and
Development Division.
• Design Guidelines for Accessible Outdoor Recreation Facilities. 1994. Parks Canada.
• Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access. 1999. US Department of Transportation.
• Guidelines for Accessibility in Outdoor Spaces. 2003. City of Kelowna.
• Kananaccess. Barrier Free Design for Trails, Pathways and Facilities in Kananaskis Country.
1990. Alberta.
• National Centre on Accessibility. www.ncaonline.org
• Recommendations for Accessibility Guidelines: Recreation Facilities and Outdoor
Developed Areas. 1994. US Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board.
• The Accessibility Checklist. An Evaluation System for Buildings and Outdoor Settings. Users
Guide, Survey Forms. Second Edition. 1993. Mig Communications.
• The Building Access Handbook. Illustrated commentary on Access Requirements in the
1998 BC Building Code. 1998. Crown Publications, British Columbia
http://www.housing.gov.bc.ca/building/handbook/index.htm
• Timesaver Standards for Landscape Architects
• Universal Access Standards. 2004. Capital Regional District.
• Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation: A Design Guide. 1993. PLAE, Inc.
• US Department of Agriculture Accessibility Guidebook for Outdoor Recreation and Trails.
May 2006. www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/accessibility/
• US Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines. FSORAG. May 22, 2006.

Page 35


Additional Standards

Reach (persons in wheelchairs, canes, standing) BC Building Code

Eye level for wheelchair user is between 1100 and 1300 mm from the ground.

Page 36

Toolkit Assesses Accessibility of Parks, Trails

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Semelhante a Toolkit Assesses Accessibility of Parks, Trails

Semelhante a Toolkit Assesses Accessibility of Parks, Trails (20)

Mais de Scott Rains

Mais de Scott Rains (20)

Último

Último (20)

Toolkit Assesses Accessibility of Parks, Trails