Subjective Well-Being and Social Policy
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Professor Jonathan Bradshaw. Subjective well-being and social policy. Plenary. Child Indicators in a Globalized World: Implications for Research, Practice and Policy, 4th International Society for Child Indicators Conference, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, 29 May 2013.
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Subjective Well-Being and Social Policy
- 1. Jonathan Bradshaw International Society for Child Indicators Seoul Korea 29 May 2013
- 2. State of the World’s Children (UNICEF) Innocenti Report Cards (UNICEF) Doing Better for Children (OECD) Child poverty and derivation (EU) Child well-being (EU Tarki) African Report on Child Well-being (ACPF) Multi-dimensional child poverty (Bristol) Children’s Chances Heymann and Mc Neill McGill University http://childrenschances.org Many, many national reports
- 3. Comparative focus Accept we can for objective well-being domains Concentrate on subjective well-being Can nations make their children happier?
- 7. Validity Unreliable Lost in translation Cultural patterns False expectations/adaptive preferences Homeostatic adaptability Difficult to explain
- 8. Variable Year group (6 as reference) Ethnicity (white as reference) Number of siblings (none as reference) 8 10 Mixed Indian Pakistani/ Bangladeshi Black Other 1 2 3+ Sex (boy as reference) Learning difficulties (no as reference) Physical disability (no as reference) Deprivation score Family type (both Lone parent parents as reference) Step family Other r² Demographic variables only -1.16** -2.82** -0.83 NS -1.06 NS -0.59 NS + deprivation scale + family type -1.39** -2.86** -0.82 NS -0.36 NS -0.52 NS -1.33** -2.80** -0.91 NS -0.65 NS -0.59 NS -0.18 NS 0.59 NS 0.30 NS 0.09 NS 0.01 NS -0.66 * -0.60 NS -1.39 NS 0.23 NS 0.56 NS 0.20 NS -0.03 NS 0.09 NS -0.73* -0.31 NS -1.07 NS -0.68** 0.09 0.17 0.33 NS 0.42 NS 0.07 NS -0.21 NS 0.02 NS -0.73* -0.32 NS -1.18 NS -0.64** -1.26** -0.90* -4.68* 0.19
- 9. Validity Unreliable Lost in translation Cultural patterns False expectations/adaptive preferences Homeostatic adaptability Difficult to explain Not independent of personality Domains of subjective well-being ? Not policy amenable
- 11. Overall subjective well-being Material well-being domain .677** Health and safety domain .542** Education domain .474** Behaviour domain .534** Housing and environment domain .610** Overall (exc subjective) .666**
- 14. Children in care Life events matter Quality of relationships more important than structure Involvement in decision making makes a difference Children’s feelings of material deprivation matter Bullying matters
- 15. 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 More than 3 times 2/3 times once never
- 18. Without bullying With bullying Year 8 -1.26** -1.41** Year 10 -2.70** -2.88** Sex (ref: boy ) -0.60* -0.58* Deprivation scale -0.78** -0.60** Year group (ref: year 6) Bullied (ref: never) -1.16** 2 or 3 times -2.35** More than 3 times r² Once -3.58** 0.19 0.26
- 20. Amenable directly to policy Decent houses Safe neighbourhoods No bullying Enjoy and achieve in school Not materially deprived Amenable indirectly to policy Family and other relationships Reducing burdens of poverty and inequality on parents Treating and preventing parental depression Providing family friendly services
- 21. Intervention studies (Finnish experiment with bullying) Cognitive counselling Social and emotional education Layard “create the most happiness possible and the least misery” http://www.actionforhappiness.org Surveys of subjective well-being in more countries Comparative studies of subjective well-being Children’s Worlds
- 22. Countries at a loss for what to do Children the main victims of recession OECD and EU preoccupied with social investment state – Advocates of services versus benefits Making the case for maintaining welfare state in the face of the recession Focus on childcare Developmental/cognitive arguments Compensatory intervention Well becoming Probably inequitable