T shaped people 20130628 v5
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Future of skills in a world of accelerating change
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T shaped people 20130628 v5
- 1. IBM University Programs What’s UP at IBM? University Programs! The 6 R’s helping to build a Smarter Planet: Research, Readiness, Recruiting, Revenue, Responsibility, Regions Jim Spohrer, Director IBM University Programs (IBM UP) http://www.ibm.com/university June 28, 2013 06/28/13 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 1
- 2. IBM University Programs 6 R’s • Research (Collaborate) • Readiness (Skills) • Recruiting (Jobs) • Revenue (Solutions) • Responsibility (Volunteers) • Regions (Smarter Cities, Startups & Workforce) 06/28/13 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 2 WORKFORCE PRODUCTS SUPPLY CHAIN COMMUNICATIONS TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS
- 3. IBM University Programs IBM Platforms for Entrepreneurs • Smarter Cities Intelligent Operations Center Platform • IBM helping university startups to scale up (growth) 06/28/13 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 3
- 4. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) Job Roles: IBM Building Smarter Enterprises & A Smarter Planet https://jobs3.netmedia1.com/cp/find.ibm.jobs/location/ 1. Consultant (trusted advisor to customer) - a value proposition to address problems or opportunities and enhance value co-creation relationships 2. Sales - a signed contract that defines work, outcomes, solution, rewards and risks for all parties 4. Project Manager (often with co-PM from customer side) a detailed project plan that balances time, costs, skills availability, and other resources, as well as adaptive realization of plan 3. Architect (systems engineer, IT & enterprise architect) -An elegant solution design that satisfies functional and non-functional constraints across the system life-cycle 5. Specialists (systems engineer, Research, engineer, Industry specialist, application, technician, data, analyst, professional, agent) -a compelling working system (leading-edge prototype systems from Research) ~10% ~10% ~5% ~5% ~45% 6. Enterprise Operations Administrative Services, Other, Marketing & Communications Finance, Supply Chain, Manufacturing, Human Resources, Legal, General Executive Management ~25% IBM Employees 1. ~10% Consultant 2. ~10% Sales 3. ~5% Architect 4. ~5% Project Manager 5. ~45% Specialists 6. ~25% Enterprise Operations Project Mix From 90-10 to 80-20: B2B – Business to Business B2G – Business to Government
- 5. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) Sources Cultivating organizational creativity in an age of complexity A companion study to the IBM 2010 Global Chief Human Resource Officer Study – “Our IBM Creative Leadership Study found that leaders who embrace the dynamic tension between creative disruption and operational efficiency can create new models of extraordinary value.” IBM GPS: Talent Management – Paper, studies, and briefs
- 6. IBM University Programs From I to T-shape for Smarter Planet: IBMers with more depth and breadth 06/28/13 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 6 Many disciplines Many sectors Many regions/cultures (understanding & communications) Deepinonesector Deepinoneregion/culture Deepinonediscipline
- 7. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) How are advanced technologies changing the mix of jobs? -10 -5 0 5 10 15 1969 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 Levy, F, & Murnane, R. J. (2004). The New Division of Labor: How Computers Are Creating the Next Job Market. Princeton University Press. Expert Thinking Complex Communication Routine Manual Non-routine Manual Routine Cognitive
- 8. 8 T-shaped professionals depth & breadth BREADTH DEPTH Ready for Life-Long-Learning Ready for Teamwork Ready to Help Build a Smarter Planet (analytic thinking & problem solving) Many cultures Many disciplines Many systems (understanding & communications) Deepinonediscipline Deepinonesystem Deepinoneculture
- 9. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development)06/28/13 © IBM 2013 IBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) 9 IBM operates in 170 countries around the globe Acquisitions contribute significantly to IBM’s growth ; ~120 acquisitions in last decade 2012 Financials Revenue - $ 104.5B Net Income - $ 17.6B EPS - $ 15.25 (10 yrs of EPS d/digit growth) Net Cash - $18.2B 24% of IBMs revenue in Growth Market countries; growing at 7% ( @cc) in 2012 Number 1 in patent generation for 20 consecutive years ; 6,478 US patents awarded in 2012 More than 40% of IBMs workforce does business away from an office 5 Nobel Laureates10 time winner of the President’s National Medal of Technology & Innovation – latest for LASIK laser refractive surgical techniques The Smartest Machine On Earth 100 Years of Business & Innovation in 2011 New Era in IBM’s Leadership IBM Growth Initiatives IBM has ~425,000 employees worldwide Context: IBM 101
- 10. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 10 Automobile Internet Technological Acceleration 0 25 50 100 125 15075 Years 25 50 100 TelephoneElectricity Radio Television VCR PC Cellular %Penetration YEARS
- 11. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 11 •iPhone/iPad app developer •wireless marketing director •microfinance infrastructure designer •3D content developer for movies, TV •social network manager •deploying technology into the cloud •organic solar cell development •digital image management Many top in-demand jobs in 2011 did not exist in 2005! 11
- 12. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 12 12 U.S Department of Labor estimates that today’s learner will have 10-14 jobs… by the age of 38!
- 13. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 13 Estimates are 85% of the jobs today’s learners will be doing haven’t been invented yet they'll be using technologies that don't exist to solve problems we don't yet know are problems 13
- 14. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 14 Five historical cycles …
- 15. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 15 ~100 years of US job transformations Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis; McKinsey Global Institute Analysis
- 16. © 2011 IBM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) Systems-Disciplines Framework: Depth & Breadth Systems that focus on flows of things Systems that governSystems that support people’s activities transportation & supply chain water & waste food & products energy & electricity building & construction healthcare & family retail & hospitality banking & finance ICT & cloud education &work city secure state scale nation laws social sciences behavioral sciences management sciences political sciences learning sciences cognitive sciences system sciences information sciences organization sciences decision sciences run professions transform professions innovate professions e.g., econ & law e.g., marketing e.g., operations e.g., public policy e.g., game theory and strategy e.g., psychology e.g., industrial eng. e.g., computer sci e.g., knowledge mgmt e.g., stats & design e.g., knowledge worker e.g., consultant e.g., entrepreneur stakeholders Customer Provider Authority Competitors resources People Technology Information Organizations change History (Data Analytics) Future (Roadmap) value Run Transform (Copy) Innovate (Invent) Identify Stakeholder Entities (As-Is) Identify Resource Accesses (As-Is) Understand Change Potential (Has-Been & Might-Become) Choice, Action & Value Realization (To-Be & Has-Become) disciplines systems
- 17. © 2011 IBM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM UPward) What improves Quality-of-Life? Service System Innovations A. Systems that focus on flow of things that humans need (~15%*) 1. Transportation & supply chain 2. Water & waste recycling/Climate & Environment 3. Food & products manufacturing 4. Energy & electricity grid/Clean Tech 5. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT access) B. Systems that focus on human activity and development (~70%*) 6. Buildings & construction (smart spaces) (5%*) 7. Retail & hospitality/Media & entertainment/Tourism & sports (23%*) 8. Banking & finance/Business & consulting (wealthy) (21%*) 9. Healthcare & family life (healthy) (10%*) 10. Education & work life/Professions & entrepreneurship (wise) (9%*) C. Systems that focus on human governance - security and opportunity (~15%*) 11. Cities & security for families and professionals (property tax) 12. States/regions & commercial development opportunities/investments (sales tax) 13. Nations/NGOs & citizens rights/rules/incentives/policies/laws (income tax) 20/10/10 0/19/0 2/7/4 2/1/1 7/6/1 1/1/0 5/17/27 1/0/2 24/24/1 2/20/24 7/10/3 5/2/2 3/3/1 0/0/0 1/2/2 Quality of Life = Quality of Service + Quality of Jobs + Quality of Investment-Opportunities * = US Labor % in 2009. “61 Service Design 2010 (Japan) / 75 Service Marketing 2010 (Portugal)/78 Service-Oriented Computing 2010 (US)”
- 18. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) Our ambition is to reach K-12 students with Service Science & STEM: “The systems we live in, and the systems we are…” “Imagine smarter systems, explain why better (service systems & STEM language)” STEM = Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics See NAE K-12 engineering report: http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12635 See Challenge-Based Learning: http://www.nmc.org/news/nmc/nmc-study-confirms-effectiveness-challenge-based-learning Challenge-based Project to Design Improved Service Systems – K - Transportation & Supply Chain – 1 - Water & Waste Recycling – 2 - Food & Products (Nano) – 3 - Energy & Electric Grid – 4 – Information/ICT & Cloud (Info) – 5 - Buildings & Construction – 6 – Retail & Hospitality/Media & Entertainment (tourism) – 7 – Banking & Finance/Business & Consulting – 8 – Healthcare & Family Life/Home (Bio) – 9 – Education /Campus & Work Life/Jobs & Entrepreneurship (Cogno) – 10 – City (Government) – 11 – State/Region (Government) – 12 – Nation (Government) – Higher Ed – T-shaped depth added, cross-disciplinary project teams – Professional Life – Adaptive T-shaped life-long-learning & projects Systems that focus on Governing Systems that focus on Human Activities and Development Systems that focus on Flow of things
- 19. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) US National Academy of Engineering Grand Challenges A. Systems that focus on flow of things humans need 1. Transportation & Supply Chain Restore and enhance urban infrastructure 2. Water & Waste/Climate & Green tech Provide access to clear water 3. Food & Products Manager nitrogen cycle 4. Energy & Electricity Make solar energy economical Provide energy from fusion Develop carbon sequestration methods 5. Information & Communication Technology Enhance virtual reality Secure cyberspace Reverse engineer the brain B. Systems that focus on human activity & development 6. Buildings & Construction (smart spaces) Restore and enhance urban infrastructure 7. Retail & Hospitality/Media & Entertainment (tourism) Enhance virtual reality 8. Banking & Finance/Business & Consulting 9. Healthcare & Family Life Advance health informatics Engineer better medicines Reverse engineer the brain 10. Education & Work Life/Jobs & Entrepreneurship Advance personalized learning Engineer the tools of scientific discovery C. Systems that focus on human governance 11. City & Security Restore and improve urban infrastructure Secure cyberspace Prevent nuclear terror 12. State/Region & Development 13. Nation & Rights
- 20. From Work Done By the Institute for the Future (IFTF.org) Transdisciplinary = T-Shaped People (Breadth & Depth)
- 22. The T Shaped Professional Jim Spohrer IBM Labs Adaptive innovators
- 23. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) What are the benefits of more education? Of higher skills? …But it can be costly, American student loan debt is over $900M
- 24. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) Job Roles: University Research and Education 1. Model Systems 2. Connect/capture Data 3. Integrate, Analyze 4. Improve, Automate 5. Optimize, Evolve • Water Supply • Transportation • Energy, Electric Grid • Cities, Buildings • Healthcare • Education/Government General Methods & Techniques Specific Technology Run Transform Innovate SP Service Systems 1.Synapsense, SensorTronics 2.Infosphere Streams, ILOG, COGNOS 3.WS, Tivoli, Rational, DB2, etc. 4.BAO, Green Sigma Specialists Consultant Project Manager Sales Architect Cross Industry Skills Industry Specific Skills Job Roles Systems Engineering/ Analytics/BAO/SSME University Research fuels
- 25. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) Up-Skill Cycle University-Region1University-Region1 University-Region2University-Region2 = New Venture = Acquisition = High-Growth Acquisition/ New IBM BU (Growing) = High-Productivity/ Mature IBM BU (Shrinking) = IBMer moving from mature BU to acquisition = IBMer moving into IBMer on Campus role (help create graduates with Smarter-Planet skills, help create Smarter Planet oriented new ventures; Refresh skills = Graduates with Smarter Planet skills IBMIBM
- 26. © 2012 IBM CorporationIBM UPward (University Programs worldwide – accelerating regional development) 26 Identifies entrepreneurs developing businesses aligning with our Smarter Planet vision. SmartCamp finalists raised more than $50m and received significant press in Wall Street Journal, Forbes and Bloomberg in Healthcare SmartCamp kickstart - Miami - May 15, 2012 Apply by April 27th SmarterCities SmartCamp kickstart - New York - May 24, 2012 Apply by May 3rd North America Regional SmartCamp - Boston - June 20 & 21, 2012 Apply by May 25th apply now at www.ibm.com/isv/startup/smartcamp Exclusive Networking and Mentoring event North America SmartCamp lead: Eric Apse, eapse@us.ibm.com University Programs lead: Dawn Tew, dawn2@us.ibm.com
- 27. 27 What’s UP with IBM? University Programs
- 28. 28 Most people say, “IBM makes computers”
- 29. 29 Those in-the-know say, “IBM is helping to build a Smarter Planet…”
- 30. 30 A Smarter Planet is built from smarter service systems… INSTRUMENTED We now have the ability to measure, sense and see the exact condition of practically everything. INTERCONNECTED People, systems and objects can communicate and interact with each other in entirely new ways. INTELLIGENT We can respond to changes quickly and accurately, and get better results by predicting and optimizing for future events. WORKFORCE PRODUCTS SUPPLY CHAIN COMMUNICATIONS TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS IT NETWORKS
- 31. 31 City challenge: buildings and transportation Ryan Chin: Smart Cities
- 34. 34
- 35. 35
- 36. 36 Four commandments for cities of the future: Eduardo Paes at TED2012
- 37. 37 SC IOC as a Platform for Innovation
- 40. 40 The Top Majors For The Class Of 2022 • Math • Robotics • Agricultural Engineering • Hospitality Management • Health and Biotechnology • Pre-Law, With a Focus on Elder Law • Quantum Engineering • 3-D Printing Design • Liberal Arts • Aerospace Engineering
- 41. 41 IBM Almaden Research Center, Silicon Valley/San Jose, CA
Notas do Editor
- Scope: IBM University Programs works with 5000 universities world-wide with a global matrixed team of about 500 IBMers... Where to find more info: IBM has many programs for working with universities that can be found at http://www.ibm.com/university Contact: Jim Spohrer, Director IBM UP & Innovation Champion http://www.service-science.info/archives/2233
- Synopsis: All the programs fall within the 6 R's of IBM University Programs (IBM UP)... R = Research (Awards: University Relations) R = Readiness (Skills: Academic Initiatives) R = Recruiting (Internships & Jobs: IBM Global Centers) R = Revenue (Solutions: Super-Computers to Asset/Risk Management) R = Responsibility (Volunteers: On Campus IBMers & Smarter Cities Challenge) R = Regions (Startups & Jobs: Smart Camp Challenge) Examples: Our best university relationships are when all 6 R's are active - some examples... NYU Center for Urban Science and Progress: http://cusp.nyu.edu/partners/ OSU Big Data Analytics Center: http://www.forbes.com/sites/tomgroenfeldt/2012/11/29/ibm-and-ohio-state-university-get-analytical/ KIT Karlsruhe Service Research Institute: http://www.ksri.kit.edu/Default.aspx?PageId=273&lang=en IBM University Programs (the 6 R’s of IBM UP) include: 1. Research (ibm.com/university/awards) 2. Readiness (ibm.com/developerworks/university/academicinitiative/) 3. Recruiting (ibm.com/jobs or ibm.com/developerworks/university/students/) 4. Revenue (ibm.com/education and ibm.com/systems) 5. Responsibility (ibm.com/responsibility, ibm.com/ibm/ondemandcommunity and en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Community_Grid) 6. Regions (ibm.com/partnerworld/isv/startup) Local “On Campus IBMers”(where available) help with the above…
- At IBM, many of our employees work as part of project teams on innovation that matters to customers. The project teams include industry/system consultants, solution architects, project managers, sales teams, and many many specialists. Specialist (45% of IBM employees) can be technology specialists, industry specialists, academic discipline specialists, technicians, call center agents, software application specialists, data analytics experts, and more – what ever it takes to transform and innovate systems in business, government, education, healthcare, etc. About 60%, well more than half of IBM ’s revenue comes from global business and technology service groups or GBS and GTS… this increase in business for IBM global service (IGS) groups is part of a bigger trend… ================== Consultant: Consultants have deep knowledge of customers. They help IBM customers realize business and societal benefits by helping them make faster, smarter decisions; reduce risks; leverage core competencies and increase return on investment (ROI). Consultants serve as effective business advisors; conduct research, data collection and analysis; and prepare, present and deliver recommendations and solutions to clients. Sales: Sales professionals are responsible for the sale and support of IBM solutions, services, products and offerings, including those from IBM Business Partners. These professionals are responsible for the overall business relationship with IBM's clients and sometimes specialize by industry, customer set, channel, brand, solution or offering. Architect: Defines, or architects, solutions to client business problems by applying reason through information technology. Much of the IT Architect's work is focused on the front end of the solution life cycle: listening to clients, understanding their business requirements and forming the structures of an information technology solution — an architecture. Project Manager: Leads and is accountable for the success of the project. Project managers are responsible for a variety of activities, including initializing and planning projects, developing project cost structure, tracking and reporting project deliverables, managing risk, managing contracts and applying project management processes and tools. Specialist: Specialists have deep knowledge of applications, industries, and types of models/data. Specialists develops proofs of concepts and complete systems., They design, develop, build, test and implement systems. Specialists are hands-on professionals who have in-depth understanding of products, offerings and services within their specialty. Members of this profession perform services for a fee, provide technical support for product sales or support IBM's internal infrastructure.
- Cultivating organizational creativity in an age of complexity A companion study to the IBM 2010 Global Chief Human Resource Officer Study http://public.dhe.ibm.com/common/ssi/ecm/en/gbe03418usen/GBE03418USEN.PDF http://www-935.ibm.com/services/us/en/it-services/talent-management.html
- From I to T to Pi-shapes … and beyond! IBM needs graduates who can work on multidisciplinary, multisector, multicultural teams… T-shapes have depth and breadth … Disciplines from computer science to marketing to social sciences to arts & humanities Sectors from transportation to energy to healthcare to government Cultures from US to Europe to China to India to Latin America to Africa to Middle East and more!!
- Technology is used by providers to perform more and more of the routine manual, cognitive, and transactional work Jobs Change: Individual Competencies & Institutional Roles
- T-shaped people are ready for Teamwork – they are excellent communicators, with real world experience, and deep (or specialized) in at least one culture, one discipline and one systems area, but with good team work skills interacting with others who are deep in other cultures, disciplines and systems areas. Also, T-shaped professionals also make excellent entrepreneurs, able to innovate with others to create new technology, business, and societal innovations. T-shaped people are adaptive innovators, and well prepared for life-long learning in case they need to become deep in some new area… they are better prepared than I-shaped people, who lack the breadth. Therefore, IBM and other public and private organizations are looking to hire more of this new kind of skills and experience profile – one that is both broad and deep.. These organizations have been collaborating with universities around the world to establish a new area of study known as service science, management, engineering, and design (SSMED) – to prepare computer scientists, MBAs, industrial engineers, operations research, management of information systems, systems engineers, and students of many other discipline areas – to understand better how to work on multidisciplinary teams and attack the grand challenge problems associated with improving service systems…
- 06/28/13 17:40 From IBM Christopher Bishop Newer technologies have been taking hold at two and three times previous rates Years to reach 50% in marketplace adoption – Radio – 38 TV – 13 Internet – 4 iPod 3 Facebook - 2 200 million users of My Space as of Sept 2006 –If it were a country it would be the 11 th largest in the world – between Japan and Mexico Number of text messages sent and received every day exceeds the number of people on the planet 40 exabytes (4.0 X 10 19 th power) of new information will be generated this year-more than in the previous 5000 years it ’s a good time to be having this discussion about the changing nature of innovation. Because as this chart illustrates, there ’s simply no doubt that the pace of innovation, and the time between important new innovations, is changing. Today, new technologies are taking hold at double or triple the previous rate. Compare the penetration of cell phones in our society with the telephone. The invention of the telephone took nearly 40 years to reach the same societal penetration as cellular technology has in five years. All of which comes with implications for about ability to absorb, adapt and respond to the policy and ethical implications that always accompany technical advances.
- From IBM Christopher Bishop Globally interconnected Data from embedded devices Driving new and evolving business models
- 06/28/13 17:40 From IBM Christopher Bishop
- From IBM Christopher Bishop
- There are many opportunities for educational institutions to specialize. Better tuned competence of individuals allows graduates to hit the ground running and better fill roles in business and societal institutions…. Better general education will allow more rapid learning of an arbitrary area of specialization, and create a more flexible labor force… All service systems transform something – perhaps the location, availability, and configuration of materials (flow of things), or perhaps people and what they do (people ’s activities), or perhaps the rules of the game, constraints and consequences (governance). How to visualize service science? The systems-disciplines matrix… SSMED or service science, for short, provides a transdisciplinary framework for organizing student learning around 13 systems areas and 13 specialized academic discipline areas. We have already discussed the 13 systems areas, and the three groups (flows, human activity, and governing)… the discipline areas are organized into four areas that deal with stakeholders, resources, change, and value creation. If we have time, I have included some back-up slides that describes service science in the next level of detail. However, to understand the transdisciplinary framework, one just needs to appreciate that discipline areas such as marketing, operations, public policy, strategy, psychology, industrial engineering, computer science, organizational science, economics, statistics, and others can be applied to any of the 13 types of systems. Service science provides a transdisciplinary framework to organize problem sets and exercises that help students in any of these disciplines become better T-shaped professionals, and ready for teamwork on multidisciplinary teams working to improve any type of service system. As existing disciplines graduate more students who are T-shaped, and have exposure to service science, the world becomes better prepared to solve grand challenge problems and create smarter systems that deliver modern service. Especially, where students have had the opportunity to work as part of an urban innovation center that links their university with real-world problems in their urban environment – they will have important experiences to help them contribute to solving grand challenge problems. ================================================ SSMED (Service Science, Management, Engineering and Design) Systems change over their life cycle… what is inside become outside and vice versa In the course of the lifecycle… systems are merged and divested (fusion and fission) systems are insourced and outsourced (leased/contracted relations) systems are input and output (owner ship relations) SSMED standard should ensure people know 13 systems and 13 disciplines/professions (the key is knowing them all to the right level to be able to communicate and problem-solve effectively) Multidisciplinary teams – solve problems that require discipline knowledge Interdisciplinary teams – solve harder problems, because they create new knowledge in between disciplines Transdisciplinary teams – solve very hard problems, because the people know discipline and system knowledge Ross Dawson says “Collaboration drives everything” in his talk about the future of universities… https://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/BrowsePrivately/griffith.edu.au.3684852440
- What improves quality of life? Service system innovations. Every day we are customers of 13 types of service systems. If any of them fail, we have a “bad day” (Katrina New Orleans) I have been to two service science related conferences recently, one in Japan on Service Design and one in Portugal on Service Marketing… the papers from the proceedings of the conferences mapped onto all of these types of service systems… The numbers in yellow: 61 papers Service Design (Japan) / 75 papers Service Marketing (Portugal) / 78 Papers Service-Oriented Computing (US) Number in yellow Fist number: Service Design Conference, Japan 2 nd International Service Innovation Design Conference (ISIDC 2010), Future University Hakodate, Japan Second number Service Marketing Conference, Portugal, AMA SERVSIG at U Porto, Portugal Numbers in yellow: Number of AMA ServSIG 2010 abstracts that study each type of service system… (http://www.servsig2010.org/) Of 132 total abstracts… 10 studies all types of service systems 19 could not be classified In a moment we will look at definitions of quality of life, but for the moment, consider that everyday we all depend on 13 systems to have a relatively high quality of life, and if any one of these systems goes out or stops providing good service, then our quality of life suffers…. Transportation, Water, Food, Energy, Information, Buildings, Retail, Banking & Financial Services (like credit cards), Healthcare, Education, and Government at the City, State, and National levels…. Volcanic ash, hurricanes, earthquakes, snow storms, floods are some of the types of natural disasters that impact the operation of these service systems – but human made challenges like budget crises, bank failures, terrorism, wars, etc. can also impact the operation of these 13 all important service systems. Moreover, even when these systems are operating normally – we humans may not be satisfied with the quality of service or the quality of jobs in these systems. We want both the quality of service and the quality of jobs in these systems to get better year over year, ideally, but sometimes, like healthcare and education, the cost of maintaining existing quality levels seems to be a challenge as costs continue to rise… why is that “smarter” or sustainable innovation, which continuously reduces waste, and expands the capabilities of these systems is so hard to achieve? Can we truly achieve smarter systems and modern service? A number of organizations are asking these questions – and before looking at how these questions are being formalized into grand challenge questions for society – let’s look at what an IBM report concluded after surveying about 400 economists…. ==================== Quality of life for the average citizen (voter) depends on the quality of service and quality of jobs in 13 basic systems….. Local progress (from the perspective of the average citizen or voter) can be defined for our purposes as (quality of service & jobs) + returns (the provider, which is really the investor perspective, the risk taker in provisioning the service) + security (the authority or government perspective on the cost of maintaining order, and dealing with rules and rule violations) + smarter (or the first derivative – does all this get better over time – parents often talk about wanting to help create a better world for their children - sustainable innovation, means reducing waste, being good stewards of the planet, and expanding our capabilities to do things better and respond to challenges and outlier events better)…. Without putting too fine a point on it, most of the really important grand challenges in business and society relate to improving quality of life. Quality of life is a function of both quality of service from systems and quality of opportunities (or jobs) in systems. We have identified 13 systems that fit into three major categories – systems that focus on basic things people need, systems that focus on people ’s activities and development, and systems that focus on governing. IBM ’s Institute for Business Value has identified a $4 trillion challenge that can be addressed by using a system of systems approach. Employment data… 2008 http://www.bls.gov/news.release/ecopro.t02.htm A. 3+0.4+0.5+8.9+1.4+2.0=16.2 B. C.13.1+1.8=14.9 Total 150,932 (100%) Transportation (Transportation and Warehousing 4,505 (3%)) Water & Waste (Utilities 560 (0.4%)) Food & Manufacturing (Mining 717 (0.5%), Manufacturing 13,431 (8.9%), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing 2,098 (1.4%)) Energy & Electricity Information (Information 2,997 (2%)) Construction (Construction 7,215 (4.8%)) Retail & Hospitality (Wholesale Trade 5,964 (4.0%), Retail Trade 15,356 (10.2%), Leisure and hospitality 13,459 (8.9%)) Financial & Banking/Business & Consulting (Financial activities 8,146 (5.4%), Professional and business services 17,778 (11.8%), Other services 6,333 (4.2%)) Healthcare (Healthcare and social assistance 15,819 (10.5%) Education (Educational services 3,037 (2%), Self-employed and unpaid family 9,313 (6.2%), Secondary jobs self-employed and unpaid family 1,524 (1.0%)) City Gov State Gov (State and local government 19,735 (13.1%)) Federal Gov (Federal government 2,764 (1.8%))
- High school drop out rates in cities can be high… by increasing focus on system of systems in all grade levels, especially STEM discussions of how to study and then propose solutions to local community challenges – there is evidence that exemplar programs increase the diversity and desire of students to go onto college in STEM areas, and then go on to jobs that use these skills to improve systems…. A number of NAE studies as well as NMC study on challenge-based learning provide encouraging information – also IBM has a Smater Learning white paper which confirms some of these findings. http://www.ibm.com/ibm/ideasfromibm/us/smartplanet/topics/educationtechnology/20090601/index1.shtml See Challenge-Based Learning: http://www.nmc.org/news/nmc/nmc-study-confirms-effectiveness-challenge-based-learning Smarter Planet University Jam Final report at: https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/university/smartplanet_jam/ Awards given to top participants, e.g., faculty and students… Prizes as Incentives for Public-Private Partnerships In recent years, there has been a renaissance in “incentive prizes” – which reward contestants for achieving a specific future goal. http://blog.ostp.gov/2009/06/17/prizes-as-incentives-for-public-private-partnerships/comment-page-2/ crowd-sourcing the world.... see http://www.itsa.org/challenge/ WE are smarter than ME, i.e. and a diversified, independent, decentralized community can outperform even the greatest of experts. This challenge is open to entrepreneurs, commuters, transportation experts, researchers, universities, students, scholars, scientists and citizens from all fields around the globe. All ideas will be reviewed discussed and rated by an open global community, to determine the best and most creative ideas to effectively solve the consequences of traffic congestion. The winner will be announced during the 16th World Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems in Stockholm, Sweden, September 21 - 25, 2009, and will receive a cash a of $50,000 USD , as well as development and implementation support to pursue turning the ideas into real-world solutions. Ideas will be reviewed, discussed and rated by an open global community. The public will determine the best and most creative ideas to effectively solve the consequences of traffic congestion. The winner will be chosen by the community. For the next 60 days the community (which anyone can join ) will review and rate all submissions on 5 criteria. On August 1st, the top 9 solutions will be announced. These 9 will then submit more information including a slideshow, a video and founder bios. Based on this information, the participating community members can decide who they each want to back. Each member allocates points they have earned through what is known as a predictive market. The overall winner is the solution that receives the most backing. This challenge truly is: for the people, by the people, and decided by the people.
- http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/ And the NAE ’s Engineering Grand Challenge problems include – making solar energy economical – which fits into category 4. Smarter Energy… there are at least two NAE grand challenges that related to 10. Smarter Education systems – Advance personalized learning and Engineer the tools of scientific discovery… one might also want to include enhance virtual reality and reverse engineer the brain – and I included those under 5. Smarter Information systems… the point is that solving any one of these 14 NAE grand challenge problems has the potential to have significant impact on one or more of the 13 systems that we all depend on every day for quality of life… And so now would be a good time to say a little bit more about the component measurements and the challenges of defining quality of life…
- Phil Gardner, Michigan State University
- http://www.bls.gov/emp/ep_chart_001.htm http://theeconomiccollapseblog.com/archives/student-loan-debt-hell-21-statistics-that-will-make-you-think-twice-about-going-to-college Posted below are 21 statistics about college tuition, student loan debt and the quality of college education in the United States.... #1 Since 1978, the cost of college tuition in the United States has gone up by over 900 percent . #2 In 2010, the average college graduate had accumulated approximately $25,000 in student loan debt by graduation day. #3 Approximately two-thirds of all college students graduate with student loans . #4 Americans have accumulated well over $900 billion in student loan debt. That figure is higher than the total amount of credit card debt in the United States. #5 The typical U.S. college student spends less than 30 hours a week on academics. #6 According to very extensive research detailed in a new book entitled "Academically Adrift: Limited Learning on College Campuses", 45 percent of U.S. college students exhibit "no significant gains in learning" after two years in college. #7 Today, college students spend approximately 50% less time studying than U.S. college students did just a few decades ago. #8 35% of U.S. college students spend 5 hours or less studying per week. #9 50% of U.S. college students have never taken a class where they had to write more than 20 pages. #10 32% of U.S. college students have never taken a class where they had to read more than 40 pages in a week. #11 U.S. college students spend 24% of their time sleeping, 51% of their time socializing and 7% of their time studying. #12 Federal statistics reveal that only 36 percent of the full-time students who began college in 2001 received a bachelor's degree within four years. #13 Nearly half of all the graduate science students enrolled at colleges and universities in the United States are foreigners. #14 According to the Economic Policy Institute, the unemployment rate for college graduates younger than 25 years old was 9.3 percent in 2010. #15 One-third of all college graduates end up taking jobs that don't even require college degrees. #16 In the United States today, over 18,000 parking lot attendants have college degrees. #17 In the United States today, 317,000 waiters and waitresses have college degrees. #18 In the United States today, approximately 365,000 cashiers have college degrees. #19 In the United States today, 24.5 percent of all retail salespersons have a college degree. #20 Once they get out into the "real world", 70% of college graduates wish that they had spent more time preparing for the "real world" while they were still in school. #21 Approximately 14 percent of all students that graduate with student loan debt end up defaulting within 3 years of making their first student loan payment.
- The Up-Skill Cycle People flow through the system of entities… As they flow they are upskilled…. Entities: Mature IBM Business Unit: From mature-business unit Acquired-IBM Business Unit: From IBM “ acquired company ” business unit University: From university role Venture: From venture that spun off from a university Other: None of the above One possible path A long-time IBMer is in an IBM business unit doing, say “ finance ” The IBMer ’ s business unit receives the 5% annual budget cut The IBMer moves to a new IBM acquisition to help the new acquisition adopt/learn IBM finance procedures After that the IBMer moves to a university as an IBMer on Campus The IBMer might work in a department/discipline, in the university incubator, or a university start-up, or even be a student at the university Eventually the IBMer signs up to be pat of a new venture that is spinning off from the university The new venture is aligned with IBM via HW, SW, or other IBM offerings/strategy IBM helps scale up the new venture global IBM might decide to acquire the new venture The IBM in the acquired new venture helps the new venture become a high growth business unit of IBM After the new IBM business unit asymptotes on revenue and profit improves, it has become a mature business unit Now the IBMer is back in a mature business unit, and the cycle repeats… A long-time IBMer is in an IBM business unit doing, say “ finance ” The IBMer ’ s business unit receives the 5% annual budget cut Transitions: Self-loop IBMer stays in mature business unit IBMer transitions from mature business unit to a newly acquired IBM acquisition IBMer transitions from mature business unit to a university role IBMer transitions from mature business unit to a new venture that spun off from a university IBMer transitions from mature business unit to an entity not mentioned above (some where else)
- IBM is a globally integrated enterpise, over $100B revenue per year, and over 400,000 employees – a huge corporation by any standards… but what do they do?
- Most people have heard of the IBM brand, and they say IBM makes computers… But “Lenovo purchased IBM's personal computer business and acquired the ThinkPad brand in 2005. “ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ThinkPad
- What IBM is really apply IT knowledge and capabilities to help build a Smarter Planet…. One that using computing as a service (cloud computing) to help individuals and institutions make better decisions from systems that are more instrumened, interconnected, and intelligent… IBM is applying Information Technologies, including PowerPC computer chips, PureSystems, Mainframes, Blue Gene supercomputers, in giant cloud computing data centers around the world, grinding away on Big Data, to help apply knowledge to create value for others – businesses and governments around the world… IBM is also one of the largest software companies in the world and has acquired on average one business a month for the last 10 years. IBM has also been the top company for number of patents issues per year for 18 years in a row… And IBM has sponsored the ACM programming competition for over a decade – identifying some of the worlds best programming talent… IBM is also one of the largest service businesses in the world… applying knowledge in the form of 100,000 of skilled professionals geographically distributed in 100 of nations and all the top cities in the world…
- The evolution of service science is to apply service science to create a Smarter Planet. What is smarter planet? A smarter planet is built out of many harmonized smarter systems, systems that are instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent (data, models, and analytics software are used to make better decisions) The world is instrumented meaning everything has computers, cameras, gps or other sensors – cars, stop lights, signs, roads, hospitals, retail stores, rivers, bridges, etc.. The world is getting more and more interconnected. If we could capture the right data and analyze it, we can make our planet smarter. IBM has been working on cleaning up pollution in Galway Bay, Ireland. The marine scientists told the IBMers that the mussels in the water close their shells when something bad enters the water. So IBM put sensors in some of the mussels and connected the sensors to an alert system and visualization system. When a pollutant enters the water, the mussels shut their shells, the sensors sends an alert and water management officials begin to take action to clean it up. Over time, they realize that a particular ship may be coming into the bay every other Tuesday, causing the problem, and they can go after the ship company to not drop pollutants or to find another way to rid of waste. This optimization takes place with other causes of the pollutants.
- Transportation is essential for flows and buildings are essential for human development Headline: TEDx Boston, Ryan Chin Urban Mobility (July 28, 2009) http://tedxboston.org/speaker/chin
- Cities are about 2% of the land area, with 50% of the popuoation and 75% of the energy consumption, and 80% of the carbon emissions, according to Carolo Ratti who heads MIT Senseable Cities at MIT Media Lab. Of course, while the buildings and transportation in cities are important – what is really important are the people…. Headline: TED talk: Carlo Ratti (MIT) Architecture that senses and resonds http://www.ted.com/talks/carlo_ratti_architecture_that_senses_and_responds.html
- Photo: http://blog.ted.com/2012/02/29/four-commandments-for-cities-of-the-future-eduardo-paes-at-ted2012/
- Source: http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/mgi/research/labor_markets/future_of_work_in_advanced_economies
- Source: http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/mgi/research/labor_markets/future_of_work_in_advanced_economies
- Source: http://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2012/05/09/the-top-majors-for-the-class-of-2022/2/ Wikipedia image
- First, thanks for coming to the talk today, and if you find yourself in the US and California, please come visit me at the IBM Almaden Research Center in San Jose, the Capitol of Silicon Valley. And bring your hiking shoes, because I like to take my meetings when possible as hikes, in the 800 acre county park that surrounds the Almaden Center. The snow is actually a rare event, most days are sunny and warm.