3. Lighting Photography. One can define photography as "the recording of light rays". That's why taking a good picture depends so much on choosing the lighting carefully. http://photo.net/making-photographs/light Lightning photography is both one of the most tricky and one of the most rewarding types of photography. Some reasons which come to my mind for saying this are: 1) You get only one chance for the particular situation - it is not like portrait photography where you can go back in the studio if the photos didn't come out well; 2) lightning varies so much in brightness, intensity and location that guessing the proper exposure requires a lot of experience, as well as luck; 3) you are always at some risk when photographing worthwhile lightning; and 4) lightning is a point (line) source, and demands the most of the optical quality of your camera system. http://www.weatherscapes.com/techniques.php?cat=lightning&page=lightning
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5. Composition. Composition is the combining of distinct parts or elements to form a whole. In photography that thought is very important in taking good pictures. The following guidelines are just to be thought about though, it is not necessary to try to use them with every picture you take or there wouldn’t be any creativity in your work. Once you learn these rules and strategies you will be more prepared to find great picture spots and opportunities. Before you just step up and take a picture you should consider what you want your viewers to look at and how you should display main points of interest. You should ask yourself, what is the main subject? What angle should the light be hitting in my picture? Is there anything that could accentuate the main subject? Where should the main subject be in the frame? These are all important things you should consider, but that doesn’t necessarily mean you need to follow the rules exactly. http://www.picturecorrect.com/tips/photography-the-rules-of-composition/
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7. Depth of Field. Depth of field is the amount of distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus in a photograph. A preferred selection Depth of field ("DOF") in a focused subject in an image can be quite subjective. Remember this, adequate selection of DOF for one situation, application may be unacceptable for another photographer. It is all a matter of personal preference when trying to determine the appropriate use of DOF to enhance an effect in a photograph. http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/fototech/htmls/depth.html You have to recognize the eventual effect of depth of field control that can bring to your photo but HOW TO ?? In simpler term, we define depth of field as the zone of sharpest focus in front of, behind, and around the subject on which, when lens is focused on a specific subject; with TTL (through the lens) SLR camera, DOF can be previewed in the viewfinder of a camera - the preview is very handy for critical type of work. For an example, when taking a product shot, when you require absolute certain if DOF is adequate to cover the object you intend to photograph Generally, the closer the subject to the camera, the more evenly with the distribution of depth of field in front and behind the subject. As distance of focus extends, DOF usually will be more behind than in front of the focused area.
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9. Focal Point. Next time you take your digital camera out and line it up for a shot pause before you press the shutter button and ask yourself: “ What is the Focal Point in this Picture?” Some other ways to ask the same question might include – What is the central point of interest? What will draw the eye of the viewers of this picture? What in this image will make it stand out from others? What is my subject? The reason a focal point is important is that when you look at an image your eye will generally need a ‘resting place’ or something of interest to really hold it. Without it you’ll find people will simply glance at your shots and then move on to the next one. http://www.digital-photography-school.com/using-focal-points-in-photography