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The Correlation:
                                 Sustainability & Stock Returns
                                                  Evidence From Korea




5th Annual ESG Research Review
About This Report




About this Report

Findings form the 5th annual ESG review of Korean Companies
Researched and compiled by SolAbility
Design by Gulo Güggs & Wolf
Copyright by SolAbility
Redistribution welcome & encouraged



About SolAbility

SolAbility provides sustainable management consulting to corporations and ESG
research to institutional investors. Founded in 2005, SolAbility has served leading
and internationally known Korean companies to develop and implement
sustainability policies, management systems and strategies. The sustainability
performance level of several SolAbility clients has been recognized through
inclusion in the DJSI World Index. In 2011, two companies for which SolAbility has
designed sustainability systems and implementation roadmaps have achieved DJSI
“Super-sector” leader status - a recognition that only 19 out of 2’500 companies in
the global DJSI universe receive.
The main success factor for SolAbility's consulting work is the development of
workable solutions that do have a direct impact in the internal efficiency in the
managerial and operational context.
The focus on operational implementation and the hands-on exchange with
sustainability practitioners in companies has allowed SolAbility to develop a unique
sustainability assessment methodology (ESG analysis tool) that is based on practical
realities (both managerial and operational) rather than on academic indicators or
policy requirements as generally applied by ESG rating agencies. The added value
of this approach is highlighted by the outperformance of both SRI and
conventional benchmarks of an SRI/ESG fund based on SolAbility's ESG research on
Korean equities.




                                 Ilsan, South Korea                www.solability.com
                               Tel ++82 31 811 3578             contact@solability.com




                                     October 2011
Table of Contents




                              Foreword                                 1

                     Part 1   Methodology                              3

                     Part 2   Return of ESG investment                 5

                               The Korean Market                       5

                               Sustainability Correlations             6

                               Short-term sustainable return           7

                               Long-term sustainable return            8

                     Part 3   Corporate Sustainability Developments    9

                               Overall Sustainability                  9

                               Economic Sustainability                11

                               Environmental Sustainability           13

                               Social Sustainability                  15

                     Part 4   Conclusions                             17




www.solability.com
                                             October 2011
Foreword
                                                                            Andy Gebhardt
                                                                                     CEO
“5 years of ESG research in Korea proof what
common sense has been telling us all along – that
more intelligent companies are more successful in
the long run.”                                                               Mi Hyang Lee
                                                                          Managing Director




Dear Reader,

It is encouraging to observe that sustainability has and rapidly is gaining recognition and
importance in Korea’s corporate world over the past years since SolAbility's first ESG
review in 2007. Sustainability – in one form or another – has become an issue that a large
percentage of Korean companies have been paying considerable attention to,
particularly in the aftermath of the global financial crisis in late 2008 that lead to a
reorientation of economic policies. The integration of sustainability has now been limited
to implementation of policies and review of management systems, but also into review of
strategic sustainable business opportunities, such as renewable energy, energy
efficiency, new smart medical devices, and intelligent environmental solutions.
However, one has to keep in mind that most Korean companies started to integrate
sustainability considerations beyond citizenship activities and legal requirements into
management thinking comparably late. While the leading companies have now
reached global best practice levels – underlined by the fact that 4 out of 19 DJSI “Super-
sector” leaders are now Korean companies – the “average” Korean company still has
some way to go to fully incorporate sustainability in the management brains. While the
recent signs are encouraging, there is still huge potential in terms of realising cost savings
through increased resource efficiency, as well as business opportunities related to
sustainable and green growth – both of which have not yet been recognized to the full
extend by many companies.

Analysing the financial implications of five years of ESG research also very clearly
demonstrates that investment based on sustainability criteria yields significant profits for
the investor. Not really surprising from a common sense point of view – companies that
have a wider & longer horizon are simply more intelligent and therefore more successful
in the wilderness of the market. The SolA Sustainable 50 – a portfolio of Korea’s most
sustainable companies (according to the SolAbility’s sustainable value identification
model) consistently outperforms the market by considerable margins. The
outperformance is consistent over 5 years and in a range that excludes statistical
coincidence – proof that long-term sustainable investment achieves superior financial
returns.

We hop you will find the findings presented in this report informative.




                                            October 2011                                         1
5th annual Sustainability assessment Korea
                                Highlights




More Sustainable = Higher Return

Sustainable companies in Korea have consistently
outperformed the market since the first ESG review in 2007
by margins far beyond statistical coincidence




                      Remarkably Increasing Recognition

                      In the aftermath of the global financial crisis 2008,
                      corporate sustainability has gained tremendous
                      recognition as a viable management approach in
                      Korea




          Clients Selected to The DJSI

          3 corporate clients have been selected to the DJSI.
          2 companies for which SolAbility has designed the
          sustainability strategy have achieved super sector
          leader status




                                                                              1
                                 October 2011                                 2
Methodology


Performance Orientation




Starting Universe & Selection Process

The research universe is based on the 350                         Sector-specific evaluation
                                                                  350 companies
largest Korean equities (KOSPI and KOSDAQ).
The research process is based on a two-step
model. In a first step, 350 companies are
                                                                  Industry-specific evaluation
screened against the most important                               200 companies
sustainability criteria (sector-specific) to
separate leaders from laggards. In a second
step, the 200 most sustainable companies are                      SolA Sustainable 50
evaluated against a more detailed, industry-                      50 companies
specific sustainable value identification
framework.




ESG 2.0

SolAbility's sustainable value evaluation
methodology has evolved over 5 years based
on continuous analysis of real-life implications
of sustainable management and strategy
development inside the companies (rather
than applying an external model academic
model based on generic indicators) and
constant correlation analysis of bottom-line
impacts of various sustainability activities,
rather than applying an external model
academic      model    based      on    generic
indicators that lack meaningfulness due to
limited impact in the actual operations and
strategic development of a company.




www.solability.com
                                                   October 2011                                  3
Methodology


Sustainability & Business
Success



Sustainability & Returns

Sustainable management is not a revolution. It is an
evolution of management, whose main feature of
success is to stay abreast of developments affecting
the business-as-usual. Sustainability is essentially about
broadening the horizon, both in terms of length (time)
and width (issues).
Given the challenges this planet is facing, integration
of sustainability issues in management decisions is a
question of intelligence and not of believe. Companies
that are early adaptors in a business environment
strained by resource scarcity will be able to operate
less cost intensive and anticipate future needs for
products and services better than less progressive
peers.
In other words: it is nothing but common sense that
sustainable companies will be more successful in the
long term.


Sustainable Value Identification

SolAbility methodologies is based on a series of
common understandings within the ESG industry, such
as best in class assessment and Industry-specific
assessment.

Distinctions to convectional ESG frameworks include
(but are not limited to…)
• Underweight of reporting, commitments and external
  verification
• Higher weight on actual performance
• Sustainable    product      &service development
  evaluation
• Adjustment for size of a company



 “Conflict of interest”

 Whether or not ESG rating agencies should/shall provide consulting to companies, and if this would cause
 a conflict of interest. From 5 years of experience of undertaking both ESG evaluation for SRI and
 sustainable investment and sustainable management consulting for corporations, we strongly would
 advocate for more of that “conflict of interest”.       Working hands-on with companies allows for
 understanding the meaning of evaluation indicators for a company in their day-to-day operations. Sadly,
 many of the main indicators used in conventional ESG ratings have only limited (or any) implications in
 day-to-day operations or strategic management, i.e. do not have any impact on the bottom-line of a
 company. Which probably explains the weak performance (if not underperformance) of many ESG
 indexes.



                                                October 2011                                                4
Korea


Market & Economy



The Markets

The Korean stock market's main characteristic is high            KOSPI, 2005-2011
volatility. Annual fluctuations of up to 50% are not
that uncommon. While a certain correlation to real            2200
economic events (global bank crisis 2008, euro crisis
2011) can be observed, the fluctuations are much              2000

larger in the stock markets than in the real economy
                                                              1800
– a very clear indication that stock markets are
driven to a significantly larger extend by                    1600
expectations and short-term trading & betting rather
than by the economy and financial results of                  1400

corporations. For investment in securities, there are
                                                              1200
therefore two possibilities to achieve a profitable
return – high-risk short-term trading (an approach            1000
the majority of Korean investors seem to follow) – or:
long-term investment.                                         800
                                                                1/2/2005   1/2/2006   1/2/2007   1/2/2008   1/1/2009   1/1/2010   1/1/2011



The Economy

In 1960, Korea’s GDP was on the same level as
Burkina Faso. Since then, the Korean economy has
developed remarkably successful, lifting millions out
of poverty, and is about to overtake most European
economies (except Northern Europe, for the time
being), driven by government-led trade and
investment policies as well as a high level of
education and work dedication – the Japanese
development model with a twist. While the focus of
the exporting industry (both in terms of product
development and marketing efforts) in the past was
on OECD countries (mainly North America &
Europe), many Korean companies have adjusted
their efforts over the past 10 years and have
secured strong positions in emerging markets,
notably (but not limited to) in the BRIC and MENA
countries. The strong position in the new markets is
expected to absorb some of the shock waves of the
coming economic depression brought about by
brainless inaction of the political leadership in the
“old World” in face of systemic challenges.
However, the economic development model that
made Korea so successful is also adapted in other
countries (China), and it remains to be seen
whether the Korea can manage the transformation
form a “quality copier” economy to a true
innovation leader by the time Chinese value-added
exports will compete Korean brands at much lower
prices.




                                               October 2011                                                                                  5
Financial performance and
sustainability scores

Sustainability Correlations



Correlation of selected sustainability criteria                         Corporate Governance score /share price return
and the financial performance of companies                     80

                                                               75

Corporate Governance                                           70

Other than in the former state-owned corporations ,            65

Corporate Governance systems are formalities to                60

please regulatory requirements without and                     55
meaning. It is therefore not really surprising that            50
there is no visible correlation between formal
                                                               45
corporate governance systems and financial
                                                               40
performance.                                                        0           100        200        300         400      500     600



Sustainability Strategy                                                 Sustainability strategy score/share price return

 A better sustainability roadmap and product                   80

development strategy of a company seem to                      75

reveal a fairly strong correlation with the financial          70
performance of the company – and due to the                    65
forward-looking nature of this aspect, is expected to          60
correlate closer with business success with a long-
                                                               55
term outlook.
                                                               50

                                                               45
Eco-efficiency
                                                               40
The eco-efficiency score shows a fairly strong                       0          100        200        300         400      500     600

correlation with the financial performance – for
which there are two possible explanations: due to                       Eco-efficiency score/share price return
both lower operational costs of companies with                  90
lower resource intensity, or a sign that companies
                                                                80
which do invest in improving eco-efficiency are
better managed (in which case the indicator serves              70

as a proxy for overall management intelligence). In             60
either case, the correlation is expected to tighten in
                                                                50
the future with rising cost of natural resources.
                                                                40

Job Creation                                                    30

A clear correlation between job creation (average               20
of the past three years, relative to revenues) can be                    0       100        200          300      400      500     600

observed. However, it seem logical that companies
that are successful business wise are hiring more                       Job cration/share price return
employees to cater for the internal growth.                    100

Unfortunately, this criteria is back-ward evaluation            80

and therefore does not really allow for making                  60

future predictions.                                             40

                                                                20

There is not a single determining sustainability factor             0
that influences the business success of a company.              -20
                                                                         0        100        200          300       400      500     600

Each criteria serves as a proxy for the management              -40
capability to manage new challenges while                       -60
keeping operational cost low and capitalize on the              -80
innovation capital of its employees to generate
                                                               -100
sustainable profitability.



                                                October 2011                                                                               6
Performance Analysis


Distinctive Outperformance




Portfolio weighting
The SolA 50       portfolio consist of the 50 most
sustainable Korean companies according to
SolAbility sustainable value identification model. For
the purpose of comparability with external
benchmarks, the equities are weighted according
to the market capitalization of the company, with a
maximum cap of 10% for a single stock (the so-
called Samsung clause).


2011 return                                                         2011 YtD Performance
                                                                              KRX SRI           DJSI Korea             SolA50 (MaCap)                     KOSPI
The invisible hand guiding the markets has brought            115

some turbulences on the stock development in                  110
2011, Korea not excluded. To date (October 2011),
the SolA 50 portfolio has outperformed the market             105

(KOSPI) as well as ESG benchmarks (KRX SRI, an ESG            100

index based on the former Innovest methodology)               95
and the DJSI Korea) by small margin (2.7-4%).                                                                                                   SolA50 (MaCap),
However, considering the current fluctuations and             90                                                                                      85.3

further expected market corrections, this margin has          85

to be regarded as statistically insignificant.                80
                                                                                                                                                         KOSPI, 82.6



                                                              75

                                                              70
                                                              1/2/2011         3/3/2011          5/2/2011           7/1/2011             8/30/2011




3 year return
                                                                      Performance 2009-YtD
Looking from a longer-term perspective, the picture
becomes clearer and brighter. The SolA 50 portfolio           350
                                                                              SolA50 (MaCap)                KOSPI              KRX SRI               DJSI Korea

shows a significantly better performance than the
markets and the ESG benchmarks. While both DJSI               300
Korea (+2%) and the KRX SRI (+9%) have achieved
slightly higher returns than the KOSPI, the SolA 50           250
                                                                                                                                                SolA50 (MaCap),
index is 88% above the market – a margin that is                                                                                                     235.4
beyond doubt and statistically significant. And               200
clear sign that sustainable companies fare better                                                                                                      KRX SRI, 156.8

financially. In other words: sustainable investment           150
                                                                                                                                                DJSI Korea, 149.5
returns higher profits.                                                                                                                               KOSPI, 147.8
                                                              100



                                                              50
                                                              1/1/2009       7/2/2009      12/31/2009       7/1/2010     12/30/2010          6/30/2011




                                               October 2011                                                                                                       7
Long-Term Returns


Profitable Long-Term Investment




5-year return

Taking into account the market turmoil following the                 Performance since 1.2006
2008 global financial crisis, the SolA Sustainable 50                              SolA50 (MaCap)                KOSPI                DJSI Korea
portfolio has returned 203%, outperforming the                300

market by 80%. In the same timeframe, the DJSI
Korea gained 16% over the KOSPI, indicating that              250

sustainable investment as such outperforms the
market in a longer-term perspective. However, ESG             200
                                                                                                                                           SolA50
                                                                                                                                        (MaCap), 203.8
is not ESG, and different methodologies to identify
sustainable value yield different results: the SolA
                                                              150
Sustainable 50 has outperformed the DJSI Korea by
64% in this time period, indicating a higher accuracy
                                                                                                                                             KOSPI, 123.1
in identifying sustainable value in the SolAbility ESG        100

model against the DJSI methodology.
                                                               50
                                                               1/2/2006      1/2/2007    1/2/2008     1/1/2009       1/1/2010     1/1/2011



10-year return
Stock performance prior to the first annual ESG                      Performance since 1.2001
assessment in 200 is backdated, and contains some             2050
                                                                                                    SolA50 (MaCap)                     KOSPI

stocks that grew from small companies into sizeable           1850
corporations in the period from 2001-2007 .
                                                              1650
(increasing their market value by up to 2500%), and
                                                              1450
therefore would most likely not have fallen in the
ESG starting universe of the largest 350 companies            1250

in 2001. The performance as shown in this graph –             1050

outperforming the market by 600% - therefore has               850

to be taken with a grain of salt. Sustainable equities         650
that would have fallen in the starting universe by             450
their market capitalisation in 2001 increased their
                                                               250
value by 500% on average, or 200% over the
                                                               50
market.                                                        1/1/2001       1/1/2003   12/31/2004     12/31/2006       12/30/2008   12/30/2010




Clear correlation
What is clear from the performance comparisons:
long-term investment in companies that are leading
their peers in terms of sustainable management and
strategy implementation yields profitable returns.
Interestingly,   the    comparison    with   actively
managed the real-life fund based on SolAbility’s
ESG research also suggests that a long-term “buy &
hold” approach would have yield higher returns
than active fund management.




                                               October 2011                                                                                          8
Corporate Sustainability
                                                   Performance
                                                   Developments




 The overall sustainability level of Korean
                                                               Overall Sustainability Performance
  companies is improving every year.
                                                                                                                Best     Average
  Recent years have seen a dramatic
                                                          80
  increase in the number of published                                                                                   72
  sustainability reports from Korean                      70
  companies,       indicating      increased
                                                          60
  awareness for sustainability overall.                                                                    52                53
                                                                                           51
  However, top-performing companies                       50       45
                                                                                   48

  advance faster than the average,
                                                          40
  implying       that       high-performing
  companies have further strengthened                     30
  their sustainability      level while a
  considerable number of companies                        20

  are still reluctant to fully integrate                  10
  sustainability management beyond
  compliance         as      a       strategic            0
                                                                 2007            2008    2009           2010            2011
  management framework.

 Visible improvements in terms of
  sustainability performance are seen in                       Development of Criteria Performance
  the environmental and social sectors.                                 Economic Score   Environmental score           Social score

  On the other hand, the economic                         60

  performance has improved only
                                                          55
  marginally     (driven    by    increased
  strategic sustainability) but remains the
                                                          50
  highest average performance, with
  ethical       management,           formal
                                                          45
  governance         systems,      customer
  relations and brand management at
                                                          40
  previously high levels.
                                                          35



                                                          30
                                                                 2007            2008    2009            2010            2011




                                                                                                                                      6
                                           October 2011                                                                               9
Corporate Sustainability
                                                   Performance
                                                   Sector trends




 SolAbility categorizes companies by 13                                          Sustainability Sector Averages
  sectors (composed of 29 industries,                                                                              Best   Average

  according the main business line of a
                                                              Electronics
  company)       to   allow  for  sector
  comparisons.
                                                          Communication

 The industry scores of Electronic
                                                               Industrials
  companies are outstanding compared
  to other industries. The score gap
  between Industry best and industry                              Utilities

  average has also narrowed.
                                                          Pharmaceutical

 The most year-on-year            improved
                                                                Transport
  industry is the Metal sector.                                  Services



 Industries such as Holdings & Trading,                       Financials

  Consumer Goods, Media, Leisure &
                                                            Construction
  Services are characterized by low                         & Materials

  sustainability levels in relation to other
  industries,     showing      very     little                    Metals

  improvement compared to 2010
                                                              Energy
  performance.                                              & Chemicals


                                                               Consumer
 For Steel/Metal industries, there is a                        Goods
  large score gap between Industry Best
  and Industry Average, reflecting the                          Holdings

  phenomena that leading companies
                                                                 Media
  have been consistently improving their                       & Services
  performances while the companies not
                                                                              0      10    20   30   40    50      60     70   80
  or less exposed to global markets are
  not actively involved in sustainability
  management.




                                           October 2011                                                                             10
Management &
                                                 Governance
                                                 Developments




 While the leading companies have                           Economic Sustainability Scores
  further    improved       sustainability                                                                Best     Average
                                                        90
  performance in economic criteria, the                                                                             81
                                                        80
  average sustainability level has not
  shown significant changes, with a                     70

  minor improvement compared to 2010                    60                                                                54
  performance.                                          50

                                                        40
 Korean        companies have steadily
                                                        30
  improved in the areas of R&D and
  strategic sustainability. However, there              20

  is still room for improvement in the                  10

  areas      of   integrating  sustainable              0
  strategy in management thinking.                              2007           2008        2009          2010           2011



 Risk management performance has
  improved, reflecting efforts to better                            Selected Economic Criteria Performance
  predict future risks and turn them into
                                                                                      2011        2010   2009    2008     2007
  business opportunities. Nevertheless,
  domestic company’s risk management                                                               48
  is still below global level.                           Sustainability
                                                           strategy

 The majority of companies have
  established   ethical   management
  system and reinforced monitoring, but                                                            47

  the number of non-compliances                            Risk
                                                        management
  reported such as price fixing practice
  remains high.

                                                                                                                        70
 The corporate governance score has
  slightly improved across the Korean                        Corporate
                                                               Ethics
  companies. However, the known
  weaknesses of Chaebol governance in
  terms       of     board        structure,
                                                                                                          56
  professionalism, independence board
                                                          Corporate
  effectiveness are still witnessed today.               Governance
  Transparency has weakened due to
  the     deregulation     of    corporate
  disclosure requirements.                                                20    30    40          50      60       70          80




                                         October 2011                                                                               11
Management &
                                                 Governance
                                                 Sector trends




                                                                            Economic Sustainability
                                                                                                           Best    Average

 Communication, financial, utilities, and
  electronic industries are associated                  Communication

  with high economic sustainability levels
                                                             Financials
  compared to other industry sectors.
                                                                Utilities
 The industries with the greatest year-on-
  year          improvements            are                     Metals

  Communication as well as Energy &
                                                            Electronics
  Chemicals. The last sector has seen a
  lot of companies starting to allocate                 Pharmaceutical
  R&D capacities to new business fields
  related to sustainable growth.                             Industrials


                                                          Construction
 Even though the industry averages                       & Materials

  Energy & Chemicals as well as                               Transport
                                                               Services
  Holdings& Trading have improved, their
  sustainability level is still low compared                 Consumer
                                                              Goods
  to other industries.
                                                               Media
                                                             & Services

                                                            Energy
                                                          & Chemicals


                                                              Holdings


                                                                            0      20      40         60      80       100




                                         October 2011                                                                        12
Environmental
                                                Sustainability
                                                Developments




 The      environment      sustainability                   Environmental Sustainability Scores
                                                                                                                  Best     Average
  performance showed the largest
                                                       100
  average      year-on-year      increase,
                                                        90                                                                      84
  indicating that Korean companies
                                                        80
  have woken up to the challenge of
                                                        70
  global climate change and the
  prospect of high energy costs.                        60
                                                                                                                                 48
                                                        50

 Waste management improved by                          40

  significantly, driven by regulation,                  30

  adapting LCA design processes, waste                  20
  minimization in the production stage                  10
  and increase efforts in recycling to                   0
  reduce waste disposal cost.                                   2007          2008        2009               2010               2011



 Environment reporting has increased
                                                                  Selected Environmetal Criteria Performance
  steadily, with  more    and    more
  companies publishing sustainability                                                     2011        2010    2009       2008    2007

  reports.
                                                                                                                                       76
                                                            Waste
                                                        Management
 Carbon Risk Management increased                       & Recycling
  strongly due to efforts to improve
  energy efficiency and establishing
                                                                                            43
  GHG inventories as required by future
                                                        Environmental
  legislation.                                            Reporting



  While eco-efficiency is also improving,
  the efforts to date are insufficient to                                                        46
                                                          Carbon
  secure        future   competitiveness                   Risk
                                                        Management
  considering Koreas 97% reliance on
  energy imports and the high energy
  intensity of the economy (considerable                                                     44

  above OECD average).                                  Eco-efficiency
                                                         Performance


 Sustainable business development has
  also improved, reflecting the fact that                                                                           62

  companies are starting to develop new                 Environmental
                                                        Management
  business lines (products & services)                     Systems

  related to clean-tech and green
  growth.                                                                20    30    40          50          60           70           80




                                        October 2011                                                                                        13
Environmental
                                                Sustainability
                                                Sector trends




 The assessment reveals Significant                                       Environemtal Sustainability
                                                                                                         Best    Average
  differences between the different
  industry sectors in environmental                        Electronics
  sustainability performance. While some
  sectors improved drastically over the
                                                            Industrials
  past years, other sectors remain at the
  same level of previous years.
                                                               Metals


 High ranking sectors include Electronics,
                                                               Utilities
  Industrials,  Utilities  (manufacturing
  industries and other industries are                        Transport
  subject to environmental regulation).                       Services

  The majority of electronic and Industrial
                                                       Communication
  companies are pursuing environment
  management, and invest to reduce
                                                       Pharmaceutical
  energy usage, green house gases,
  water usage and waste.
                                                           Energy
                                                         & Chemicals

 The communication and metal sectors
                                                         Construction
  showed the highest progress rate year-                 & Materials

  on-year.
                                                            Consumer
                                                             Goods
 Service   providers, financials   and
  consumer     goods    improved    only                     Holdings

  marginally. Within these sectors, only
  few        companies        implement                     Financials

  environment management systems
                                                              Media
  without regulatory requirements.                          & Services

                                                                           0      20       40       60      80       100




                                        October 2011                                                                       14
Human & Society
                                                 Developments




 The social sustainability performance                       Sociall Sustainability Scores
  showed general improvements across                                                                                    Best     Average
                                                        80
  all sectors, exhibiting a tendency of                                                                                          72
  gradual improvement.                                  70


                                                        60
                                                                                                                                      53

 HR development systems and policies                   50

  have ben modrnised across most large                  40
  corporations in Korea, reflected in
                                                        30
  increasing performance scores. This
  indicates         the          corporate              20

  acknowledgement of the importance
                                                        10
  of HR management to improve global
  competitiveness by attracting and                     0
                                                                 2007           2008          2009            2010                   2011
  retaining   the     best     staff  and
  strengthening internal training.
                                                                           Selected Social Criteria Performance
 Social activities and contributions                                                          2011        2010    2009        2008    2007
  remain at a similar state compared to
                                                                                                                        60
  2009. While social activity rates are                 Supply chain
  generally increasing, companies may                   management

  not have a formulated strategy for
  social activities and alignment of                                                                                                    74
  strategic corporate citizenship activities               OHS-
                                                        Manufacturers
  with core business capabilities

 Supply Chain Management and OHS                                                                44
                                                                Social
  management             exhibit     gradual                  reporting
  development.        In    particular,  the
  manufacturing        sector    has    been                                                         44
  emphasizing “win-win” and “together                        Corporate
  growth” as well as “green purchasing”.                     citizenship

  However, supply chain management
  system at most companies are focused                                                                        53

  on domestic suppliers at this point in                      HR
                                                         development
  time and fail to recognize supply chain
  risks in less developed markets
                                                                           20     30     40           50           60           70           80




                                         October 2011                                                                                             15
Human & Society
                                               Sector trends




 Sustainability performance of Society
                                                                              Social Sustainability
  criteria showed comparably equivalent                                                                         Best   Average
  progress amongst industry sectors due
  to     improved management systems                      Electronics

  related to HR development and
  incentive systems.                                  Communication



 Again, the field is lead by Koreas most                     Utilities

  know export sector, the electronics
  industry.                                                   Metals



 Compared to 2010, the largest                       Pharmaceutical

  improvement were made in the
                                                        Construction
  communication, steel & metals and                     & Materials
  utility sectors.
                                                           Industrials

 Average Consumer Services and
                                                          Energy
  Holding & Trading performance remain                  & Chemicals
  at comparable low levels.
                                                           Financials


                                                           Consumer
                                                            Goods


                                                             Media
                                                           & Services


                                                            Holdings


                                                            Transport
                                                             Services

                                                                          0       10   20    30       40   50     60   70   80




                                       October 2011                                                                              16
Conclusions


Sustainable Investment




     High sustainability performance is equal to high financial returns
     The performance of Koreas most sustainable companies (the SolA Sustainable 50)
     proofs beyond statistical coincidence that sustainable companies achieve
     significantly higher returns than the average investment over both short-term and
     long term periods. It also proofs that long-term investment – as opposed to short-
     term trading – does yield equal or better results than actively managed funds.



     Stability

     Despite the sharp fluctuations in the stock markets over the past years, it is worth
     noting that the market value of sustainable companies was less elastic on the
     downturn compared to other companies. This observation strongly supports the
     claim that sustainability brings companies higher returns in times of prosperity and
     more stability in times of depression.



     Global ESG investment benchmarks
     Both the DJSI World and the FTSE4Good show a weak performance. While we are
     naturally proud to outperform the global benchmarks, the “SolAbility” brand carries
     very limited weight. In the wider context of advancing corporate sustainability and
     sustainable investment, it is paramount that the global benchmarks (DJSI,
     FTSE4Good) shall be capable of identifying outstanding sustainable value. The
     current failure to do so is an indication of an academic rather than practical
     approach and/or insufficient allocation of resources to adapt research processes
     and methodology to the developments in the corporate world, and needs to be
     addressed urgently.




www.solability.com
                                           October 2011                                     17
Conclusions


Corporate Sustainability




  Increased recognition of sustainable management for business value
  The increase In average ESG performance scores reflects the increasing importance
  given to sustainable management in the Korean corporate world since the financial
  crisis and the governments new strategic focus on “green growth” announced in 2009.
  The number of companies that have actively reviewed their management systems in
  light of sustainability has accelerated remarkably. Along with integration of
  sustainability considerations in policies and management systems, the number of
  companies disclosing sustainability performance and information has increased rapidly.
  However, while the developments have been encouraging, only few companies have
  formulated long-term strategies that integrate not only operational issues and
  considerations, but also strategic, long-term business development considerations
  based on sustainability trends.



  Imbalance of sustainability levels between different industry sectors
  Export-focused companies, namely in the manufacturing industry sectors such as
  electronics, automobiles, and ship-builders are leading Korean companies in terms of
  company-wide efforts to improve corporate sustainability level as a means of securing
  future competitiveness. In contrast, industry sectors focused on domestic demand such
  as finance and service sectors have been more reluctant in embracing sustainability
  management until recently.



  Sustainability management as core management principle
  Despite all the positive developments, sustainability management is still only partially
  recognised as a core management principle and strategic business development tool,
  and is not fully reflected in the corporate culture. Korean companies need to consider
  sustainability issues from the highest decision-making levels in order to secure future
  competitiveness.




                                        October 2011                                         18
Disclaimer




SolAbility Ltd
Sustainability Advice
Meritwin 802 749
Janghang, Ilsan
Gyeonggi-DO, Korea
Tel ++82 31 811 1578
contact@solability.com
www.solability.com




Disclaimer

No warranty
 This publication is derived from sources believed to be accurate and reliable, but neither its accuracy nor
completeness is guaranteed. The material and information in this publication are provided "as is" and without
warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied. SolAbility disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied,
including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Any
opinions and views in this publication reflect the current judgment of the authors and may change without
notice. It is each reader's responsibility to evaluate the accuracy, completeness and usefulness of any opinions,
advice, services or other information provided in this publication.

Limitation of liability
 All information contained in this publication is distributed with the understanding that the authors, publishers
and distributors are not rendering legal, accounting or other professional advice or opinions on specific facts or
matters and accordingly assume no liability whatsoever in connection with its use. In no event shall SolAbility be
liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use of any opinion
or information expressly or implicitly contained in this publication.

Copyright
Unless otherwise noted, text, images and layout of this publication are the exclusive property of SolAbility.

No Offer
 The information and opinions contained in this publication constitutes neither a solicitation, nor a
recommendation, nor an offer to buy or sell investment instruments or other services, or to engage in any other
kind of transaction. The information described in this publication is not directed to persons in any jurisdiction
where the provision of such information would run counter to local laws and regulation.




                                         SolAbility Ltd.                                  www.solability.com
                                         Ilsan, South Korea                            contact@solability.com

                                                 October 2011
because investing intelligently…
ESG 2.0 Emerging Asia
                              is more intelligent.




                        Sustainable Investment.
                                      Our Future.
                                  Your Wallet.
                              sustainable investment
               October 2011

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The Correlation Between Sustainability and Stock Returns

  • 1. The Correlation: Sustainability & Stock Returns Evidence From Korea 5th Annual ESG Research Review
  • 2. About This Report About this Report Findings form the 5th annual ESG review of Korean Companies Researched and compiled by SolAbility Design by Gulo Güggs & Wolf Copyright by SolAbility Redistribution welcome & encouraged About SolAbility SolAbility provides sustainable management consulting to corporations and ESG research to institutional investors. Founded in 2005, SolAbility has served leading and internationally known Korean companies to develop and implement sustainability policies, management systems and strategies. The sustainability performance level of several SolAbility clients has been recognized through inclusion in the DJSI World Index. In 2011, two companies for which SolAbility has designed sustainability systems and implementation roadmaps have achieved DJSI “Super-sector” leader status - a recognition that only 19 out of 2’500 companies in the global DJSI universe receive. The main success factor for SolAbility's consulting work is the development of workable solutions that do have a direct impact in the internal efficiency in the managerial and operational context. The focus on operational implementation and the hands-on exchange with sustainability practitioners in companies has allowed SolAbility to develop a unique sustainability assessment methodology (ESG analysis tool) that is based on practical realities (both managerial and operational) rather than on academic indicators or policy requirements as generally applied by ESG rating agencies. The added value of this approach is highlighted by the outperformance of both SRI and conventional benchmarks of an SRI/ESG fund based on SolAbility's ESG research on Korean equities. Ilsan, South Korea www.solability.com Tel ++82 31 811 3578 contact@solability.com October 2011
  • 3. Table of Contents Foreword 1 Part 1 Methodology 3 Part 2 Return of ESG investment 5 The Korean Market 5 Sustainability Correlations 6 Short-term sustainable return 7 Long-term sustainable return 8 Part 3 Corporate Sustainability Developments 9 Overall Sustainability 9 Economic Sustainability 11 Environmental Sustainability 13 Social Sustainability 15 Part 4 Conclusions 17 www.solability.com October 2011
  • 4. Foreword Andy Gebhardt CEO “5 years of ESG research in Korea proof what common sense has been telling us all along – that more intelligent companies are more successful in the long run.” Mi Hyang Lee Managing Director Dear Reader, It is encouraging to observe that sustainability has and rapidly is gaining recognition and importance in Korea’s corporate world over the past years since SolAbility's first ESG review in 2007. Sustainability – in one form or another – has become an issue that a large percentage of Korean companies have been paying considerable attention to, particularly in the aftermath of the global financial crisis in late 2008 that lead to a reorientation of economic policies. The integration of sustainability has now been limited to implementation of policies and review of management systems, but also into review of strategic sustainable business opportunities, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, new smart medical devices, and intelligent environmental solutions. However, one has to keep in mind that most Korean companies started to integrate sustainability considerations beyond citizenship activities and legal requirements into management thinking comparably late. While the leading companies have now reached global best practice levels – underlined by the fact that 4 out of 19 DJSI “Super- sector” leaders are now Korean companies – the “average” Korean company still has some way to go to fully incorporate sustainability in the management brains. While the recent signs are encouraging, there is still huge potential in terms of realising cost savings through increased resource efficiency, as well as business opportunities related to sustainable and green growth – both of which have not yet been recognized to the full extend by many companies. Analysing the financial implications of five years of ESG research also very clearly demonstrates that investment based on sustainability criteria yields significant profits for the investor. Not really surprising from a common sense point of view – companies that have a wider & longer horizon are simply more intelligent and therefore more successful in the wilderness of the market. The SolA Sustainable 50 – a portfolio of Korea’s most sustainable companies (according to the SolAbility’s sustainable value identification model) consistently outperforms the market by considerable margins. The outperformance is consistent over 5 years and in a range that excludes statistical coincidence – proof that long-term sustainable investment achieves superior financial returns. We hop you will find the findings presented in this report informative. October 2011 1
  • 5. 5th annual Sustainability assessment Korea Highlights More Sustainable = Higher Return Sustainable companies in Korea have consistently outperformed the market since the first ESG review in 2007 by margins far beyond statistical coincidence Remarkably Increasing Recognition In the aftermath of the global financial crisis 2008, corporate sustainability has gained tremendous recognition as a viable management approach in Korea Clients Selected to The DJSI 3 corporate clients have been selected to the DJSI. 2 companies for which SolAbility has designed the sustainability strategy have achieved super sector leader status 1 October 2011 2
  • 6. Methodology Performance Orientation Starting Universe & Selection Process The research universe is based on the 350 Sector-specific evaluation 350 companies largest Korean equities (KOSPI and KOSDAQ). The research process is based on a two-step model. In a first step, 350 companies are Industry-specific evaluation screened against the most important 200 companies sustainability criteria (sector-specific) to separate leaders from laggards. In a second step, the 200 most sustainable companies are SolA Sustainable 50 evaluated against a more detailed, industry- 50 companies specific sustainable value identification framework. ESG 2.0 SolAbility's sustainable value evaluation methodology has evolved over 5 years based on continuous analysis of real-life implications of sustainable management and strategy development inside the companies (rather than applying an external model academic model based on generic indicators) and constant correlation analysis of bottom-line impacts of various sustainability activities, rather than applying an external model academic model based on generic indicators that lack meaningfulness due to limited impact in the actual operations and strategic development of a company. www.solability.com October 2011 3
  • 7. Methodology Sustainability & Business Success Sustainability & Returns Sustainable management is not a revolution. It is an evolution of management, whose main feature of success is to stay abreast of developments affecting the business-as-usual. Sustainability is essentially about broadening the horizon, both in terms of length (time) and width (issues). Given the challenges this planet is facing, integration of sustainability issues in management decisions is a question of intelligence and not of believe. Companies that are early adaptors in a business environment strained by resource scarcity will be able to operate less cost intensive and anticipate future needs for products and services better than less progressive peers. In other words: it is nothing but common sense that sustainable companies will be more successful in the long term. Sustainable Value Identification SolAbility methodologies is based on a series of common understandings within the ESG industry, such as best in class assessment and Industry-specific assessment. Distinctions to convectional ESG frameworks include (but are not limited to…) • Underweight of reporting, commitments and external verification • Higher weight on actual performance • Sustainable product &service development evaluation • Adjustment for size of a company “Conflict of interest” Whether or not ESG rating agencies should/shall provide consulting to companies, and if this would cause a conflict of interest. From 5 years of experience of undertaking both ESG evaluation for SRI and sustainable investment and sustainable management consulting for corporations, we strongly would advocate for more of that “conflict of interest”. Working hands-on with companies allows for understanding the meaning of evaluation indicators for a company in their day-to-day operations. Sadly, many of the main indicators used in conventional ESG ratings have only limited (or any) implications in day-to-day operations or strategic management, i.e. do not have any impact on the bottom-line of a company. Which probably explains the weak performance (if not underperformance) of many ESG indexes. October 2011 4
  • 8. Korea Market & Economy The Markets The Korean stock market's main characteristic is high KOSPI, 2005-2011 volatility. Annual fluctuations of up to 50% are not that uncommon. While a certain correlation to real 2200 economic events (global bank crisis 2008, euro crisis 2011) can be observed, the fluctuations are much 2000 larger in the stock markets than in the real economy 1800 – a very clear indication that stock markets are driven to a significantly larger extend by 1600 expectations and short-term trading & betting rather than by the economy and financial results of 1400 corporations. For investment in securities, there are 1200 therefore two possibilities to achieve a profitable return – high-risk short-term trading (an approach 1000 the majority of Korean investors seem to follow) – or: long-term investment. 800 1/2/2005 1/2/2006 1/2/2007 1/2/2008 1/1/2009 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 The Economy In 1960, Korea’s GDP was on the same level as Burkina Faso. Since then, the Korean economy has developed remarkably successful, lifting millions out of poverty, and is about to overtake most European economies (except Northern Europe, for the time being), driven by government-led trade and investment policies as well as a high level of education and work dedication – the Japanese development model with a twist. While the focus of the exporting industry (both in terms of product development and marketing efforts) in the past was on OECD countries (mainly North America & Europe), many Korean companies have adjusted their efforts over the past 10 years and have secured strong positions in emerging markets, notably (but not limited to) in the BRIC and MENA countries. The strong position in the new markets is expected to absorb some of the shock waves of the coming economic depression brought about by brainless inaction of the political leadership in the “old World” in face of systemic challenges. However, the economic development model that made Korea so successful is also adapted in other countries (China), and it remains to be seen whether the Korea can manage the transformation form a “quality copier” economy to a true innovation leader by the time Chinese value-added exports will compete Korean brands at much lower prices. October 2011 5
  • 9. Financial performance and sustainability scores Sustainability Correlations Correlation of selected sustainability criteria Corporate Governance score /share price return and the financial performance of companies 80 75 Corporate Governance 70 Other than in the former state-owned corporations , 65 Corporate Governance systems are formalities to 60 please regulatory requirements without and 55 meaning. It is therefore not really surprising that 50 there is no visible correlation between formal 45 corporate governance systems and financial 40 performance. 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Sustainability Strategy Sustainability strategy score/share price return A better sustainability roadmap and product 80 development strategy of a company seem to 75 reveal a fairly strong correlation with the financial 70 performance of the company – and due to the 65 forward-looking nature of this aspect, is expected to 60 correlate closer with business success with a long- 55 term outlook. 50 45 Eco-efficiency 40 The eco-efficiency score shows a fairly strong 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 correlation with the financial performance – for which there are two possible explanations: due to Eco-efficiency score/share price return both lower operational costs of companies with 90 lower resource intensity, or a sign that companies 80 which do invest in improving eco-efficiency are better managed (in which case the indicator serves 70 as a proxy for overall management intelligence). In 60 either case, the correlation is expected to tighten in 50 the future with rising cost of natural resources. 40 Job Creation 30 A clear correlation between job creation (average 20 of the past three years, relative to revenues) can be 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 observed. However, it seem logical that companies that are successful business wise are hiring more Job cration/share price return employees to cater for the internal growth. 100 Unfortunately, this criteria is back-ward evaluation 80 and therefore does not really allow for making 60 future predictions. 40 20 There is not a single determining sustainability factor 0 that influences the business success of a company. -20 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Each criteria serves as a proxy for the management -40 capability to manage new challenges while -60 keeping operational cost low and capitalize on the -80 innovation capital of its employees to generate -100 sustainable profitability. October 2011 6
  • 10. Performance Analysis Distinctive Outperformance Portfolio weighting The SolA 50 portfolio consist of the 50 most sustainable Korean companies according to SolAbility sustainable value identification model. For the purpose of comparability with external benchmarks, the equities are weighted according to the market capitalization of the company, with a maximum cap of 10% for a single stock (the so- called Samsung clause). 2011 return 2011 YtD Performance KRX SRI DJSI Korea SolA50 (MaCap) KOSPI The invisible hand guiding the markets has brought 115 some turbulences on the stock development in 110 2011, Korea not excluded. To date (October 2011), the SolA 50 portfolio has outperformed the market 105 (KOSPI) as well as ESG benchmarks (KRX SRI, an ESG 100 index based on the former Innovest methodology) 95 and the DJSI Korea) by small margin (2.7-4%). SolA50 (MaCap), However, considering the current fluctuations and 90 85.3 further expected market corrections, this margin has 85 to be regarded as statistically insignificant. 80 KOSPI, 82.6 75 70 1/2/2011 3/3/2011 5/2/2011 7/1/2011 8/30/2011 3 year return Performance 2009-YtD Looking from a longer-term perspective, the picture becomes clearer and brighter. The SolA 50 portfolio 350 SolA50 (MaCap) KOSPI KRX SRI DJSI Korea shows a significantly better performance than the markets and the ESG benchmarks. While both DJSI 300 Korea (+2%) and the KRX SRI (+9%) have achieved slightly higher returns than the KOSPI, the SolA 50 250 SolA50 (MaCap), index is 88% above the market – a margin that is 235.4 beyond doubt and statistically significant. And 200 clear sign that sustainable companies fare better KRX SRI, 156.8 financially. In other words: sustainable investment 150 DJSI Korea, 149.5 returns higher profits. KOSPI, 147.8 100 50 1/1/2009 7/2/2009 12/31/2009 7/1/2010 12/30/2010 6/30/2011 October 2011 7
  • 11. Long-Term Returns Profitable Long-Term Investment 5-year return Taking into account the market turmoil following the Performance since 1.2006 2008 global financial crisis, the SolA Sustainable 50 SolA50 (MaCap) KOSPI DJSI Korea portfolio has returned 203%, outperforming the 300 market by 80%. In the same timeframe, the DJSI Korea gained 16% over the KOSPI, indicating that 250 sustainable investment as such outperforms the market in a longer-term perspective. However, ESG 200 SolA50 (MaCap), 203.8 is not ESG, and different methodologies to identify sustainable value yield different results: the SolA 150 Sustainable 50 has outperformed the DJSI Korea by 64% in this time period, indicating a higher accuracy KOSPI, 123.1 in identifying sustainable value in the SolAbility ESG 100 model against the DJSI methodology. 50 1/2/2006 1/2/2007 1/2/2008 1/1/2009 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 10-year return Stock performance prior to the first annual ESG Performance since 1.2001 assessment in 200 is backdated, and contains some 2050 SolA50 (MaCap) KOSPI stocks that grew from small companies into sizeable 1850 corporations in the period from 2001-2007 . 1650 (increasing their market value by up to 2500%), and 1450 therefore would most likely not have fallen in the ESG starting universe of the largest 350 companies 1250 in 2001. The performance as shown in this graph – 1050 outperforming the market by 600% - therefore has 850 to be taken with a grain of salt. Sustainable equities 650 that would have fallen in the starting universe by 450 their market capitalisation in 2001 increased their 250 value by 500% on average, or 200% over the 50 market. 1/1/2001 1/1/2003 12/31/2004 12/31/2006 12/30/2008 12/30/2010 Clear correlation What is clear from the performance comparisons: long-term investment in companies that are leading their peers in terms of sustainable management and strategy implementation yields profitable returns. Interestingly, the comparison with actively managed the real-life fund based on SolAbility’s ESG research also suggests that a long-term “buy & hold” approach would have yield higher returns than active fund management. October 2011 8
  • 12. Corporate Sustainability Performance Developments  The overall sustainability level of Korean Overall Sustainability Performance companies is improving every year. Best Average Recent years have seen a dramatic 80 increase in the number of published 72 sustainability reports from Korean 70 companies, indicating increased 60 awareness for sustainability overall. 52 53 51 However, top-performing companies 50 45 48 advance faster than the average, 40 implying that high-performing companies have further strengthened 30 their sustainability level while a considerable number of companies 20 are still reluctant to fully integrate 10 sustainability management beyond compliance as a strategic 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 management framework.  Visible improvements in terms of sustainability performance are seen in Development of Criteria Performance the environmental and social sectors. Economic Score Environmental score Social score On the other hand, the economic 60 performance has improved only 55 marginally (driven by increased strategic sustainability) but remains the 50 highest average performance, with ethical management, formal 45 governance systems, customer relations and brand management at 40 previously high levels. 35 30 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 6 October 2011 9
  • 13. Corporate Sustainability Performance Sector trends  SolAbility categorizes companies by 13 Sustainability Sector Averages sectors (composed of 29 industries, Best Average according the main business line of a Electronics company) to allow for sector comparisons. Communication  The industry scores of Electronic Industrials companies are outstanding compared to other industries. The score gap between Industry best and industry Utilities average has also narrowed. Pharmaceutical  The most year-on-year improved Transport industry is the Metal sector. Services  Industries such as Holdings & Trading, Financials Consumer Goods, Media, Leisure & Construction Services are characterized by low & Materials sustainability levels in relation to other industries, showing very little Metals improvement compared to 2010 Energy performance. & Chemicals Consumer  For Steel/Metal industries, there is a Goods large score gap between Industry Best and Industry Average, reflecting the Holdings phenomena that leading companies Media have been consistently improving their & Services performances while the companies not 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 or less exposed to global markets are not actively involved in sustainability management. October 2011 10
  • 14. Management & Governance Developments  While the leading companies have Economic Sustainability Scores further improved sustainability Best Average 90 performance in economic criteria, the 81 80 average sustainability level has not shown significant changes, with a 70 minor improvement compared to 2010 60 54 performance. 50 40  Korean companies have steadily 30 improved in the areas of R&D and strategic sustainability. However, there 20 is still room for improvement in the 10 areas of integrating sustainable 0 strategy in management thinking. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011  Risk management performance has improved, reflecting efforts to better Selected Economic Criteria Performance predict future risks and turn them into 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 business opportunities. Nevertheless, domestic company’s risk management 48 is still below global level. Sustainability strategy  The majority of companies have established ethical management system and reinforced monitoring, but 47 the number of non-compliances Risk management reported such as price fixing practice remains high. 70  The corporate governance score has slightly improved across the Korean Corporate Ethics companies. However, the known weaknesses of Chaebol governance in terms of board structure, 56 professionalism, independence board Corporate effectiveness are still witnessed today. Governance Transparency has weakened due to the deregulation of corporate disclosure requirements. 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 October 2011 11
  • 15. Management & Governance Sector trends Economic Sustainability Best Average  Communication, financial, utilities, and electronic industries are associated Communication with high economic sustainability levels Financials compared to other industry sectors. Utilities  The industries with the greatest year-on- year improvements are Metals Communication as well as Energy & Electronics Chemicals. The last sector has seen a lot of companies starting to allocate Pharmaceutical R&D capacities to new business fields related to sustainable growth. Industrials Construction  Even though the industry averages & Materials Energy & Chemicals as well as Transport Services Holdings& Trading have improved, their sustainability level is still low compared Consumer Goods to other industries. Media & Services Energy & Chemicals Holdings 0 20 40 60 80 100 October 2011 12
  • 16. Environmental Sustainability Developments  The environment sustainability Environmental Sustainability Scores Best Average performance showed the largest 100 average year-on-year increase, 90 84 indicating that Korean companies 80 have woken up to the challenge of 70 global climate change and the prospect of high energy costs. 60 48 50  Waste management improved by 40 significantly, driven by regulation, 30 adapting LCA design processes, waste 20 minimization in the production stage 10 and increase efforts in recycling to 0 reduce waste disposal cost. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011  Environment reporting has increased Selected Environmetal Criteria Performance steadily, with more and more companies publishing sustainability 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 reports. 76 Waste Management  Carbon Risk Management increased & Recycling strongly due to efforts to improve energy efficiency and establishing 43 GHG inventories as required by future Environmental legislation. Reporting While eco-efficiency is also improving, the efforts to date are insufficient to 46 Carbon secure future competitiveness Risk Management considering Koreas 97% reliance on energy imports and the high energy intensity of the economy (considerable 44 above OECD average). Eco-efficiency Performance  Sustainable business development has also improved, reflecting the fact that 62 companies are starting to develop new Environmental Management business lines (products & services) Systems related to clean-tech and green growth. 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 October 2011 13
  • 17. Environmental Sustainability Sector trends  The assessment reveals Significant Environemtal Sustainability Best Average differences between the different industry sectors in environmental Electronics sustainability performance. While some sectors improved drastically over the Industrials past years, other sectors remain at the same level of previous years. Metals  High ranking sectors include Electronics, Utilities Industrials, Utilities (manufacturing industries and other industries are Transport subject to environmental regulation). Services The majority of electronic and Industrial Communication companies are pursuing environment management, and invest to reduce Pharmaceutical energy usage, green house gases, water usage and waste. Energy & Chemicals  The communication and metal sectors Construction showed the highest progress rate year- & Materials on-year. Consumer Goods  Service providers, financials and consumer goods improved only Holdings marginally. Within these sectors, only few companies implement Financials environment management systems Media without regulatory requirements. & Services 0 20 40 60 80 100 October 2011 14
  • 18. Human & Society Developments  The social sustainability performance Sociall Sustainability Scores showed general improvements across Best Average 80 all sectors, exhibiting a tendency of 72 gradual improvement. 70 60 53  HR development systems and policies 50 have ben modrnised across most large 40 corporations in Korea, reflected in 30 increasing performance scores. This indicates the corporate 20 acknowledgement of the importance 10 of HR management to improve global competitiveness by attracting and 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 retaining the best staff and strengthening internal training. Selected Social Criteria Performance  Social activities and contributions 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 remain at a similar state compared to 60 2009. While social activity rates are Supply chain generally increasing, companies may management not have a formulated strategy for social activities and alignment of 74 strategic corporate citizenship activities OHS- Manufacturers with core business capabilities  Supply Chain Management and OHS 44 Social management exhibit gradual reporting development. In particular, the manufacturing sector has been 44 emphasizing “win-win” and “together Corporate growth” as well as “green purchasing”. citizenship However, supply chain management system at most companies are focused 53 on domestic suppliers at this point in HR development time and fail to recognize supply chain risks in less developed markets 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 October 2011 15
  • 19. Human & Society Sector trends  Sustainability performance of Society Social Sustainability criteria showed comparably equivalent Best Average progress amongst industry sectors due to improved management systems Electronics related to HR development and incentive systems. Communication  Again, the field is lead by Koreas most Utilities know export sector, the electronics industry. Metals  Compared to 2010, the largest Pharmaceutical improvement were made in the Construction communication, steel & metals and & Materials utility sectors. Industrials  Average Consumer Services and Energy Holding & Trading performance remain & Chemicals at comparable low levels. Financials Consumer Goods Media & Services Holdings Transport Services 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 October 2011 16
  • 20. Conclusions Sustainable Investment High sustainability performance is equal to high financial returns The performance of Koreas most sustainable companies (the SolA Sustainable 50) proofs beyond statistical coincidence that sustainable companies achieve significantly higher returns than the average investment over both short-term and long term periods. It also proofs that long-term investment – as opposed to short- term trading – does yield equal or better results than actively managed funds. Stability Despite the sharp fluctuations in the stock markets over the past years, it is worth noting that the market value of sustainable companies was less elastic on the downturn compared to other companies. This observation strongly supports the claim that sustainability brings companies higher returns in times of prosperity and more stability in times of depression. Global ESG investment benchmarks Both the DJSI World and the FTSE4Good show a weak performance. While we are naturally proud to outperform the global benchmarks, the “SolAbility” brand carries very limited weight. In the wider context of advancing corporate sustainability and sustainable investment, it is paramount that the global benchmarks (DJSI, FTSE4Good) shall be capable of identifying outstanding sustainable value. The current failure to do so is an indication of an academic rather than practical approach and/or insufficient allocation of resources to adapt research processes and methodology to the developments in the corporate world, and needs to be addressed urgently. www.solability.com October 2011 17
  • 21. Conclusions Corporate Sustainability Increased recognition of sustainable management for business value The increase In average ESG performance scores reflects the increasing importance given to sustainable management in the Korean corporate world since the financial crisis and the governments new strategic focus on “green growth” announced in 2009. The number of companies that have actively reviewed their management systems in light of sustainability has accelerated remarkably. Along with integration of sustainability considerations in policies and management systems, the number of companies disclosing sustainability performance and information has increased rapidly. However, while the developments have been encouraging, only few companies have formulated long-term strategies that integrate not only operational issues and considerations, but also strategic, long-term business development considerations based on sustainability trends. Imbalance of sustainability levels between different industry sectors Export-focused companies, namely in the manufacturing industry sectors such as electronics, automobiles, and ship-builders are leading Korean companies in terms of company-wide efforts to improve corporate sustainability level as a means of securing future competitiveness. In contrast, industry sectors focused on domestic demand such as finance and service sectors have been more reluctant in embracing sustainability management until recently. Sustainability management as core management principle Despite all the positive developments, sustainability management is still only partially recognised as a core management principle and strategic business development tool, and is not fully reflected in the corporate culture. Korean companies need to consider sustainability issues from the highest decision-making levels in order to secure future competitiveness. October 2011 18
  • 22. Disclaimer SolAbility Ltd Sustainability Advice Meritwin 802 749 Janghang, Ilsan Gyeonggi-DO, Korea Tel ++82 31 811 1578 contact@solability.com www.solability.com Disclaimer No warranty This publication is derived from sources believed to be accurate and reliable, but neither its accuracy nor completeness is guaranteed. The material and information in this publication are provided "as is" and without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied. SolAbility disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Any opinions and views in this publication reflect the current judgment of the authors and may change without notice. It is each reader's responsibility to evaluate the accuracy, completeness and usefulness of any opinions, advice, services or other information provided in this publication. Limitation of liability All information contained in this publication is distributed with the understanding that the authors, publishers and distributors are not rendering legal, accounting or other professional advice or opinions on specific facts or matters and accordingly assume no liability whatsoever in connection with its use. In no event shall SolAbility be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use of any opinion or information expressly or implicitly contained in this publication. Copyright Unless otherwise noted, text, images and layout of this publication are the exclusive property of SolAbility. No Offer The information and opinions contained in this publication constitutes neither a solicitation, nor a recommendation, nor an offer to buy or sell investment instruments or other services, or to engage in any other kind of transaction. The information described in this publication is not directed to persons in any jurisdiction where the provision of such information would run counter to local laws and regulation. SolAbility Ltd. www.solability.com Ilsan, South Korea contact@solability.com October 2011
  • 23. because investing intelligently… ESG 2.0 Emerging Asia is more intelligent. Sustainable Investment. Our Future. Your Wallet. sustainable investment October 2011