1. Animal Behavior AP Chapter 51

8. Ex - stickle back fish, male will try to attack another male if it comes into the environment; aggressive behavior

10. Kelp gull chicks peck at red spot on mothers beak to stimulate regurgitating reflex.

11. Another FAP shared by some animals, including humans, is yawning , which often triggers yawning in other individuals. Yawns last around 6 seconds and are difficult to stop once initiated.

14. Fig. 51-4 Dry open area Sow bug Moist site under leaf

19. Fig. 51-9 Minnows before alarm (a) Minnows after alarm (b)

24. Fig. 51-10b Another example of imprinting Young whooping cranes can imprint on humans in “crane suits” who then lead crane migrations using ultralight aircraft

26. Fig. 51-11 Pinecone Nest EXPERIMENT RESULTS Nest No nest

31. Fig. 51-13

35. Fig. 51-15 Scratch marks EXPERIMENT RESULTS BRITAIN Young from SW Germany Adults from Britain and offspring of British adults GERMANY N W E S N W E S

48. Fig. 51-21 Eggs

51. Fig. 51-22 For example, female stalk-eyed flies choose males with relatively long eyestalks. Ornaments, such as long eyestalks, often correlate with health and vitality

53. Fig. 51-25

59. Fig. 51-29 Male Female Age (months) Mean distance (m) moved from birthplace 300 200 100 0 1 2 3 4 12 13 14 15 25 26

62. Fig. 51-31 Vervet monkeys produce distinct alarm calls for different predators

65. Fig. 51-32

66. Fig. 51-UN1 Imprinting Learning and problem solving Cognition Spatial learning Social learning Associative learning In summary…