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How to Outline
TO DO: PRO Outline
YOU NEED: Blue Outlining Notes Sheet
HOMEWORK: Start PRO Outline—First draft due next week
on Day 2 (Feb 3rd
or 4th
)
Use Brainpop here!
Tim and Moby learn about outlining!
Writing the PRO Outline
Resolved:  The United States
SHOULD prioritize reducing
carbon emissions over
economic growth.
What is an outline?
 A skeleton draft of your paper.
 Presents the main arguments (or main
ideas) you are going to make in each
paragraph or section of the essay.
 Includes the facts or details you
researched that you will use to support
your main arguments (Citations are
MANDATORY!)
Purpose of an Outline
 To help you ORGANIZE your thoughts
and THINK through your writing
BEFORE you write!
Traits of a Good Outline
 It’s logical.
 It uses sentences, not phrases.
 It contains accurate citations.
 The best points are either first or last.
GOOD BONES!
The key to writing a good essay
is making sure that you have
excellent MAIN IDEAS
for each body paragraph.
Building Blocks of your Essay:
Strong Main Ideas
Main Idea = Debate Argument
The main idea of your body paragraph:
an argument that can be supported
by evidence.
 It is not evidence itself (fact/quote).
 It is not a topic.
 It is not a quotation!!
Which is the strong main
idea?
 
 1. The ocean is often referred to as a carbon
sink.
 2. Some of our electricity comes from the
burning of coal.
 3. Reducing carbon emissions will help
prevent additional global warming due to the
greenhouse effect.
 4. CO2= a greenhouse gas.
Which is the strong main
idea?
 1. President Obama has increased conversations
with China.
 2. Given the heavy pollution produced by
developing countries, a reduction in US carbon
emissions will not produce a noticeable global
impact, but will instead create noticeable economic
hardship here at home.
 3. How do we define global warming?
 4. Anthropogenic = man-made.
 
Which is the strong main
idea?
 1. Carbon Emissions.
 2. President Bush was in a tough political
situation when he had to decide whether or
not to support the Kyoto Protocol.
 3. Man-made emissions increased
dramatically in the 20th
century.
 4. A reduction in carbon emissions is
needed to prevent a major increase in
extreme weather events.
Why Cite Your Sources?
 Gives credibility and authority to your
arguments (think: expert testimony).
 Helps other researchers verify your
work.
 Helps you to avoid plagiarism and make
sure that you are giving credit where it
is due.
Outline Citations

Parenthetical citation: citation in parenthesis
 It is required for facts listed on the outline.
 We use MLA format.
What goes in the parenthesis?
1st
choice: Author’s last name
2nd
choice: If no author is listed, default to short
version of title.
Authored Article:
(Gillis) or (Eilperin & Mufson)
Un-Authored Article:
First 3 words of title only: (“United States: Climate”)
Interview or Speaker:
(Brower)
Book:
(Bergen 17)
What goes in the parenthesis?
Brainstorming CON Arguments
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Outline #1
You are going to write your PRO Outline
first. You will write reasons supporting
the resolution below:
The United States SHOULD
prioritize reducing carbon
emissions over economic growth.
Process
1. Find all of your PRO/both packets.
2. Identify the best 3 main ideas to use to
support the resolution.
3. PRO outline must use facts from at
least 3 note packets, including at least
one from the speaker.
4. Access the template on Blackboard.
Brainstorming CON Arguments
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:
Supporting
Detail:

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How to Outline

  • 1. How to Outline TO DO: PRO Outline YOU NEED: Blue Outlining Notes Sheet HOMEWORK: Start PRO Outline—First draft due next week on Day 2 (Feb 3rd or 4th )
  • 2. Use Brainpop here! Tim and Moby learn about outlining!
  • 3. Writing the PRO Outline Resolved:  The United States SHOULD prioritize reducing carbon emissions over economic growth.
  • 4. What is an outline?  A skeleton draft of your paper.  Presents the main arguments (or main ideas) you are going to make in each paragraph or section of the essay.  Includes the facts or details you researched that you will use to support your main arguments (Citations are MANDATORY!)
  • 5. Purpose of an Outline  To help you ORGANIZE your thoughts and THINK through your writing BEFORE you write!
  • 6. Traits of a Good Outline  It’s logical.  It uses sentences, not phrases.  It contains accurate citations.  The best points are either first or last. GOOD BONES!
  • 7. The key to writing a good essay is making sure that you have excellent MAIN IDEAS for each body paragraph.
  • 8. Building Blocks of your Essay: Strong Main Ideas
  • 9. Main Idea = Debate Argument The main idea of your body paragraph: an argument that can be supported by evidence.  It is not evidence itself (fact/quote).  It is not a topic.  It is not a quotation!!
  • 10. Which is the strong main idea?    1. The ocean is often referred to as a carbon sink.  2. Some of our electricity comes from the burning of coal.  3. Reducing carbon emissions will help prevent additional global warming due to the greenhouse effect.  4. CO2= a greenhouse gas.
  • 11. Which is the strong main idea?  1. President Obama has increased conversations with China.  2. Given the heavy pollution produced by developing countries, a reduction in US carbon emissions will not produce a noticeable global impact, but will instead create noticeable economic hardship here at home.  3. How do we define global warming?  4. Anthropogenic = man-made.  
  • 12. Which is the strong main idea?  1. Carbon Emissions.  2. President Bush was in a tough political situation when he had to decide whether or not to support the Kyoto Protocol.  3. Man-made emissions increased dramatically in the 20th century.  4. A reduction in carbon emissions is needed to prevent a major increase in extreme weather events.
  • 13. Why Cite Your Sources?  Gives credibility and authority to your arguments (think: expert testimony).  Helps other researchers verify your work.  Helps you to avoid plagiarism and make sure that you are giving credit where it is due.
  • 14. Outline Citations  Parenthetical citation: citation in parenthesis  It is required for facts listed on the outline.  We use MLA format. What goes in the parenthesis? 1st choice: Author’s last name 2nd choice: If no author is listed, default to short version of title.
  • 15. Authored Article: (Gillis) or (Eilperin & Mufson) Un-Authored Article: First 3 words of title only: (“United States: Climate”) Interview or Speaker: (Brower) Book: (Bergen 17) What goes in the parenthesis?
  • 17. Outline #1 You are going to write your PRO Outline first. You will write reasons supporting the resolution below: The United States SHOULD prioritize reducing carbon emissions over economic growth.
  • 18. Process 1. Find all of your PRO/both packets. 2. Identify the best 3 main ideas to use to support the resolution. 3. PRO outline must use facts from at least 3 note packets, including at least one from the speaker. 4. Access the template on Blackboard.