2. HISTORY
• The history of linear differential equations is rooted in
the evolution of calculus and the exploration of
mathematical models describing change. Building on
ancient Greek foundations, pioneers like Newton and
Leibniz formulated the principles of calculus in the
17th century. This provided initial tools for solving
differential equations, though practical methods were
limited. In the 18th century, Euler and Clairaut made
substantial strides, introducing concepts like
integrating factors and devising techniques to solve
various differential equation types. Daniel Bernoulli
and Pierre-Simon Laplace further advanced the field,
with Laplace's contributions extending to both ordinary
and partial differential equations, laying groundwork
for transformative techniques like the Laplace
