The document contains questions that appear to be from an exam on embedded systems design and biomedical signal processing. It includes 10 questions split into two parts (A and B) on these topics. Some of the questions ask students to: - Describe design metrics that may compete with one another in embedded systems. - Derive an expression for the percentage revenue loss of a product based on rise angle. - Determine volumes that yield lowest total cost for different IC technologies. - Explain concepts like pipelining, digital filters, real-time clocks, and data reduction algorithms.

1. 06EC81
USN
o
oo
a
I
,.o
o0
()
L
0)
o
o
!
o
6
o
o0
L
o
a
o
()
L
o
CB
o
oo
o
O-,
(f::::
o
o
z
o
a
b.
c.
networks.
Describe the basic wireless MAN.
Describe the differences between WLAN and WPAN.
{<{<{<r<*
(10 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(06 Marks)

2. 06EC82
USN
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.2013 lJan.20l4
Embedded System Design
'f,m€i 3 hrs.
Max. Marks:1.,.0,O,
Note: Answer FIYEfull questions, selecting
""7d"."i;..,..',"..,,',-,.'
i
at leost TWO questionsfrom each part.
rr-', ,
.g
..*,t:".
PART - A
E I a...=...:::.:r.,.
L[st a. pair of design metrics that may compete with one another, prodding an intuitive
€
E
explbnbtion of the reason behind the competition.
(06 Marks)
$u ir
b. W^hat it-""--rq#k"a window? Derive the percentage revenue loss .qrrilil"for any rise angle,
'f;
o'
'
==
1,,,,,:,t,
,i-l
E
EE
H=
t5
.'
ioolt
c.
rather theiqi4ist for 45 degrees.
",,';
(08 Marks)
"
For a particular product, you determine the NRE cost and unit',cobt to be the following for
the three listed IQ technologies:
'
FBGA: ($10.00G,$s0), ASrC: ($50.000, $10). {LSI: ($200,000, $5).
Determine precise volqgnes for which each technology yields the lowest totalcost. (06 Marks)
r
too
rT::
.=N
; 2 a. List and define three main Or.jCF technologies:..H,ow are the benefits of using each of three
different design technologies trelpful to desigrqrs?
(06 Marks)
;
t() :
b. What is single-purpose processor? What are the benefits of choosing a single-purpose
; E
processor over the general purpose proiessor?
(04 Marks)
qA
c. Design soda machine controller,. g{ven thqt soda coats 75 cents and your machine accepts
fI €
5
ouarters only. Draw the blackrhx'view, coryre with a state diagram and the state table,
. :'.-:bu
minimize the logic and then
final ciidffifl.=
(10 Marks)
!
ff46+4he
;
!
"
f;
&E
c
.E'
: E
€€
-+ i
E*
+$
5rd
3 a.
b.
c.
d.
.r
What is meant by pipelinihi? And why it is used in insiiuction execution? t06 Marks)
Explain in detail the general software design tooh that are used by embedded system
designers.
-,ti
'''r,i'"".,',,
LCD*
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
Distlnguish in b€t,fueen timer and counter.
Explain in detail the operation and initialization sequence of
(04 Marks)
E 4 a. Givq-11-''.5- iOO UHz crystal-controlled oscillator and a 32-bit and ml,rtnumber of 16-bit
teffihl-count timers, design a real-time clock that output the date and time down to
EE
-----e-(c E
rnttrliseconds. You can ignore leap years. Draw a diagram and indicate termi4$rpount values
#
(06 Marks)
=
" for alltimers.
AF"
b. How-to control the speed of DC motor by using PWM?
g
loo naa'6
5
.. Given an analog input signal whose voltage ranges from -5 to 5V, and 8-bia.difrital
E H "..";'
q :, ;
encoding, calculate the correct encoding l.2Y and then trace the il]Egq.iye approxirfr#ion.
thentrace
I
ilfgges{ye approxirfmtio*
6€ "
approach to find the correct encoding.
=(08 Marks)
av"l
9
.-N'
g
E
4
E
E
.T
5 a.
b.
c.
,
t,
lt -- I
-,
B
!I4I CEHTRAL IcI
What is interrupt latency? Ard explain ttre fuctors affecting t,l* LIBRARY j; J;peMarks)
Explain briefly the operation of round-Robin with intemrptr.
.1i/ (06 Marks)
How to selecting an software architecture for your system affigffgld"o'#flacteristics of
PART _
various software
*.s;z
architecture?
I of2
(08 Marks)

3. ^-_^3
06EC82
6a.
b.
c.
Describe the function of scheduler with suitable transition diagram.
(06 Marks)
Define semaphore and list oftried-and-ture ways to mess up with semaphores. (06 Marks)
Explain the role timer function in RTOS.
(08 Marks)
2
of2

4. f
w'
06E,C834
USN
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.20L3 lJan.2014
Biomedical Signal Processing
-,...,.,a,
o
o
Time: 3 hrs.
1
o
i'a
i' .l
''"'..,;;utL..
c.
2 a.
o
Cd
I
E9
-y.
b.
*t
ll
oo
coa
.=N
d+
9il
otr
-0
c.
o>
a.
Ee
b.
6=
o()
(6O
60q
(!d
E:
a.
.G
.<,!s
b.
c.
a6
oj5
o5.
tro.
a
EEG.
b.
9E
t (.)
6lE
!o
!=
boe
troo
(06 Marks)
diagud'm
sys;t.ern
dre,
andO$filters.
What are the advanta@of an adaptive filter? treSlgn an adaptive filter using LMS
algorithm.
(10 Marks)
filter. 4=
l
Discuss briefly any"" applications of adaptive
Explain fro* qsjgE*ar" -od.t is used for OO Hz adaptive
1:""
PART
*ART
-B
&
ation.
(04 Marks)
(06 Marks)
""""-$ij'---
qr "',r,!
,l to ,roir. ratio by Jfu"tot of 16.(10 Marks)
Me.nfu the characteristics of rroir. and signal in signal averaging tecffiues. Explain with
,Unik-Airgram tlpical signal averager. Draw the flow chart oi a ptograffforpveraging an
''-,rr.{10Marks)
*.-;.'ECcsignal.
5.v
>,
frequency
(08 Marks)
to
;,,iff
oFi.
o
sis.
(06 Marks)
Starting frodmg$ equations of potential difference betweff*he limbs RA, LA and LL,
derive the exprt:$$ns for ova, oVp and avr. Also reprgserit relationships between these
(08 Marks)
standard and augrrEqi*d.t ua vohages using vector
Draw a diagram to illffigle the electrode placemffi foi the frankVCG lead system. Also
write the resistor netwo&1fur combining the body'i"dlrface potentials to produce three time
(06 Marks)
fr'aft VCG
varying scalar leads of the ft'd* yCC lead sys;t.e4.
(06 Marks)
Draw and explain ECG signal Char..$cteritt_U#.'lrr'n'rrji:':::
.i
'tiifferent
elements of a digital filter? Mention
What is a digital filter? What
(10 Marks)
advantages of digital filters over
If the output sequence of a digitaffiei is 1l?,3:2 in response to a unit impulse, what is the
transfer function of this filter?fiaW the pol&.*fod zeros of this transfer function mentioning
:!:::
=(!
o=
o. ;;
tr>
Xo
block diagram, explain the objectives of biomedical signal"ful
.--= ' Draw the waveforms and giv€ the
effihr ttre following biomedical signals.
rangeGifu.,l€.,]rant to these signals: i) ECG, ii)
Explain ih1e-=difficulties encountered in biomedical signal analysie*+ill acquisition.
;l-{try,ith the help of
b.
c6
PART _ A
1u,* s..-
L
a
Note: Answer FIVEfull questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part
O*1aJ Givenasequence of2Sdatapoints {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, I,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3;';4,"'4'r.4,4,
(06IYIi 0
jo"."'. 5,5,5,6,6,7|,illustrateHuffmancoding.
' U. What is a data reduction algorithm? nxpUin lossy and lossless data compression. Chsiify.,
o- .l:##
(06 Marks'),,r{1'
ud, ,t."{J
the four data reduction algorithms into these categories.
J{N
",N
c.
6)
choosing the
o
z
o
o.
With an example, illustrate and explain turning point algorith-. 4
ffi%
K*g tt *r-'O (08 Marks)
samples.
Marks)
7 a. Explain QRS detection algorithm.
ll{
- - ?(10
b. Write a note on different template matching techniques used in{p^€fGEElNygIS" }g Marts;
ffiemyngr l}j(fi0
monitor.I
/;rli} Marks)
b. Describe the differences between a general purpose microprocessfoffipp$"S/(06 Marks)
-Sgl
(06 Marks)
c. Write a note on ST segment analysis.
8 a.
With a block diagram, explain the portable arrhythmia
,<d<*{<{<
.

5. /
068C844
USN
Eighth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Dec.20L3 lJan.201.4
GSM
.' Ilme:
!'n:
'.d,s
J nrs.
::r
Max. Marks:100
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questionsfrom each part.
lll
:]'
r-,,li;r,"
d
o
o
6t
't!
xr
a.
b.
c.
'o
0)
..1'
PART _ A
..,,.'l
MS.
9)
a.
b.
c.
J.
':
',
"'
r1.
,,,,,,,,,ri'r,..,,
d
E9
,t
Calculqle the number of channels available in GSM 900 and GSM 1800:,r
Bring oUuthe tunctions of i) HLR; ii) VLR.
Write a sffitnote on
.
GSM.
Describe howpgrypr control is achieved in
Briefly explain fuffi;taAio fink measurements are made
Explain the uses of ildpp;ive antennas.
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(08 Marks)
,.,i1
irf'SM
(04 Marks)
EO
3
E'J
.=
3
b10
otr
_co
o>
n
a.
b.
..1
(g+
a.
b.
8*
With the help of flow chartlrgyplain logical channels in GSM.
Explain GSM frame structuies with a neat diagtqfn.
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
Explain briefly the different attributes of spebch coder.
With a neat block diagram, explain time domain waveform
(12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
coding.
b.
a=
bd
oog
(gd
E5
a6
G!cd
6
-.'B
bs
i:X
o.6tro.
.
t
o -i'
9E
i, lE
!O
x.Y
>.
!:
bo<o0
li!)
=0)
o-
o;
,i
;
o
z
8
a.
Briefly explain the 4uthentication requirements
b.
J
PART _ B
'initiated by ihe mobile using flow
Explain the process of call relpa
List the bearer and teleservices related to the GSM PLMN.
Using the call ffi;w, explain the token based
a.
a.
b.
c.
,,,-'rt
,,
"
,. lrtx.
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
i,ll,:
needed
*to provide security in wireless
';, ;,
(10 Marks)
challenge.
t0 Marks)
,,t:tlt" ..,
Explain the ilArameters needed in selecting TDMA modulation siheme.
(10 Marks)
What i$directral efficiency of a wireless system?
(02 Marks)
Ca"
the minimum signal power required for the acceptable quality o.firvoice at the BS
-futeof a GSM system? Assume receiver noise figure Nlto be5db, receiver temperature
,'6edeiver
.,,{Bqual to 290"K and Boltzman's constant equal to 1.38 x 10-20 Joules/oK" [hat is the
1''-" maximum allowable path loss? The effective isotropic radiated power of"',thel MS is
lW (30 dbm), transmitter cable loss is 0 db, receiver cable loss amounts to 2.5db, and
: transmitter and receiver antenna gain are 0 dbi and 12dbi respectively. Assume a fade
margin of 10db and required Eb/I.{r of 13.5 db.
(08 Marlrs)
a.
b.
c.
What are the management requirements for wireless networks? Briefly explain.
With a neat figure, explain how TMN architecture is used in the GSM network.
Explain the different interfaces of TMN.
!
o
a
diagram.
****d.
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)