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1. CEREBRAL PALSY
DEFINITION
Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect a person's ability
to move and to maintain balance and posture. The disorders appear
in the first few years of life. Usually they do not get worse over
time. People with cerebral palsy may have difficulty walking. They
may also have trouble with tasks such as writing or using scissors.
Some have other medical conditions, including seizure disorders or
mental impairment.
Cerebral palsy happens when the areas of the brain that control
movement and posture do not develop correctly or get damaged.
Early signs of cerebral palsy usually appear before 3 years of age.
Babies with cerebral palsy are often slow to roll over, sit, crawl,
smile or walk. Some babies are born with cerebral palsy; others get
it after they are born.
Signs and Symptoms
All types of cerebral palsy are characterized by abnormal muscle
tone (i.e. slouching over while sitting), reflexes, or motor
development and coordination. There can be joint and bone
deformities and contractures (permanently fixed, tight muscles and
joints). The classical symptoms are spasticities, spasms, other
involuntary movements (e.g. facial gestures), unsteady gait,
problems with balance, and/or soft tissue findings consisting
largely of decreased muscle mass. Scissor walking (where the
knees come in and cross) and toe walking (which can contribute to
a gait reminiscent of a marionette) are common among people with
CP who are able to walk, but taken on the whole,

2. Babies born with severe CP often have an irregular posture; their
bodies may be either very floppy or very stiff. Birth defects, such
as spinal curvature, a small jawbone, or a small head sometimes
occur along with CP. Symptoms may appear or change as a child
gets older. Some babies born with CP do not show obvious signs
right away. Classically, CP becomes evident when the baby
reaches the developmental stage at six and a half to 9 months and
is starting to mobilise, where preferential use of limbs, asymmetry
or gross motor developmental delay is seen.
Secondary conditions can include seizures, epilepsy, apraxia,
dysarthria or other communication disorders, eating problems,
sensory impairments, mental retardation, learning disabilities, and/
or behavioral disorders.
Speech and language disorders are common in people with
Cerebral Palsy. Speech problems are associated with poor
respiratory control, laryngeal and velopharyngeal dysfunction as
well as oral articulation disorders that are due to restricted
movement in the oral-facial muscles. There are three major types
of dysarthria in cerebral palsy: spastic, dyskinetic (athetosis) and
ataxic. Speech impairments in spastic dysarthria involve four
major abnormalities of voluntary movement: spasticity, weakness,
limited range of motion and slowness of movement. Speech
mechanism impairment in athetosis involves a disorder in the
regulation of breathing patterns, laryngeal dysfunction (monopitch,
low, weak and breathy voice quality). It is also associated with
articulatory dysfunction (large range of jaw movements),
inappropriate positioning of the tongue, instability of velar
elevation. Athetoid dysarthria is caused by disruption of the
internal sensorimotor feedback system for appropriate motor
commands, which leads to the generation of faulty movements that
are perceived by others as involuntary. Ataxic dysarthria is
uncommon in cerebral palsy. The speech characteristics are:
imprecise consonants, irregular articulatory breakdown, distorted

3. vowels, excess and equal stress, prolonged phonemes, slow rate,
monopitch, monoloudness and harsh voice. Overall language delay
is associated with problems of mental retardation, hearing
impairment and learned helplessness. Children with cerebral palsy
are at risk of learned helplessness and becoming passive
communicators, initiating little communication.
Causes
• Intrauterine development (e.g. exposure to radiation,
infection), asphyxia before birth,
• hypoxia of the brain, and birth trauma during labor and
delivery, and
• Complications in the perinatal period or during childhood.
• . Identical twin. This may occur when twins have a joint
circulation through sharing the same placenta. Not all
identical twins share the same blood supply (monochorionic
twins), but if they do, the suggestion is that perturbations in
blood flow between them can cause the death of one and
damage to the development of the surviving fetus.
• , Infections in the mother, even infections that are not easily
detected, may triple the risk of the child developing the
disorder, mainly as the result of the toxicity to the fetal brain
of cytokines that are produced as part of the inflammatory
response.
• Low birthweight is a risk factor for CP—and premature
infants usually have low birth weights, less than 2.0 kg, but
full-term infants can also have low birth weights. Multiple-
birth infants are also more likely than single-birth infants to
be born early or with a low birth weight.
• After birth, other causes include toxins, severe jaundice, lead
poisoning, physical brain injury, shaken baby syndrome,
incidents involving hypoxia to the brain (such as near
drowning), and encephalitis or meningitis. The three most
common causes of asphyxia in the young child are: choking

4. on foreign objects such as toys and pieces of food, poisoning,
and near drowning.
TREATMENT
There is no cure for cerebral palsy, but treatment can improve the
lives of those who have it. Treatment includes medicines, braces,
and physical, occupational and speech therapy.
Document Source: http://www.mindheal.org
Mindheal Homeopathy is a leading homeopathic treatment
center in Mumbai, India.