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Acid-base balance and kidney regulation of pH

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Acid-base balance regulation
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There are three primary systems that regulate the hydrogen ion concentration in the body fluids 1. The chemical acid base buffer system of the body fluids, which immediately combine with acid or base to prevent excessive changes in hydrogen ion concentration. 2. The respiratory centre which regulates the removal of CO2 (and therefore H2CO3) from the extracellular fluid. 3. The kidneys which can excrete either acid or alkaline urine, there by readjusting the extracellular fluid hydrogen ion concentration toward normal during acidosis or alkalosis.
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Metabolic Acidosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANIFESTATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MEDICAL AND NURSING MANAGEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Metabolic Alkalosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LABORATORY VALUES - The pH is higher (above 7.45) and the bicarbonate levels are increased (>26 mmol/l). CAUSES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANIFESTATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MEDICAL AND NURSING MANAGEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Respiratory Acidosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CAUSES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANIFESTATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MEDICAL AND NURSING MANAGEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Respiratory Alkalosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CAUSES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANIFESTATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MEDICAL AND NURSING MANAGEMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE URINARY SYSTEM
- The urinary system (also called excretory system or the genitourinary system) is the organ system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine. OVERVIEW OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY In humans it includes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KIDNEYS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Nephron ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],- A nephron (from Greek νεφρός (nephros) meaning "kidney") is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. -The nephron is a tube; closed at one end, open at the other.
 
URETERS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
URINARY SYSTEM DISORDERS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ETIOLOGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
ASSESSMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTRA-OPERATIVE NURSING CARE ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
POST-OPERATIVE NURSING CARE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NURSING DIAGNOSIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NEPHROTIC SYNDROME ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ,[object Object]
ASSESSMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DIAGNOSTICS Urine protein tests Blood protein tests SURGERY : kidney transplant, nephrectomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTRA-OPERATIVE NURSING CARE ,[object Object]
POST-OPERATIVE NURSING CARE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMPLICATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTERVENTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object]
ETIOLOGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
ASSESSMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DIAGNOSTICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NURSING DIAGNOSIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ,[object Object]
ASSESMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMPLICATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTERVENTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHRONIC GLUMERULONEPHRITIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ,[object Object]
ASSESSMENT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DIAGNOSTICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMPLICATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTERVENTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
REFERENCES: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],THANK YOU FOR LISTENING…!!! PREPARED BY: GROUP1 Arriola, Joelita D. Banate, Menche Bermudo, Joy Anne Cullo, Elegen Lutching, Roque Jr. Paez, Elpidio Jr.

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Acid-base balance and kidney regulation of pH

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  • 3. There are three primary systems that regulate the hydrogen ion concentration in the body fluids 1. The chemical acid base buffer system of the body fluids, which immediately combine with acid or base to prevent excessive changes in hydrogen ion concentration. 2. The respiratory centre which regulates the removal of CO2 (and therefore H2CO3) from the extracellular fluid. 3. The kidneys which can excrete either acid or alkaline urine, there by readjusting the extracellular fluid hydrogen ion concentration toward normal during acidosis or alkalosis.
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  • 21. THE URINARY SYSTEM
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