1. Presented BySHASHI SARASWAT
PGDSHE (137235)

2. CONTENTS
 What is Noise?
 Classification of Noise
 Measurement of Noise
 Causes & its Effect
 Control methods
 What is Vibration?
 Types of Vibrations
 Causes & Effects of Vibration
 Control of Vibrations

3. NOISE
 “Noise is any sound independent of loudness which can
produce an undesired physiological or psychological effect
in an individual.”
 Word ‘NOISE’ derived from latin word ‘NAUSEA’ which
means feeling sickness
 Noise is a type of sound which:i. Caries no information
ii. Random
iii. Undesirable & Unwanted

5. OCCUPATIONAL NOISE
“Noise related to any occupation is called
OCCUPATIONAL NOISE”
 Workers who operate, service or maintain
vehicles, equipments & machinery are exposed to
occupational noise.
 Ex- Cement & Concrete industries, Printing
press, Sheet Metal industries, Gear manufacturing
plants, Construction sites


6. MEASURMENT OF NOISE
 ‘DECIBEL’(dB) is used to measure the intensity of sound.
dB=10 log(I/I0)
where I= sound intensity in watts/m2,
I0= reference sound intensity
Measuring Instruments :1.
Noise Dosimeter
2.
SLM
3.
ISLM
Simple Dosimeter

7. SOURCES OF NOISE
1-Stationary Sources:- Iron & Steel plants, Textile mills, Printing
presses, Workshops, Metal Industries, use of loudspeakers on
festivals, Elections, Worships in Temples, Mosques etc
2-Mobile Sources:- Road traffic, Railway traffic, Aero traffic, Marine
vehicles, Agriculture machines

8. EFFCTS OF NOISE
 Physiological Effects
a) Hearing impairment
b) Hypertension
c) Heart disease
d) Lowering the concentration and effect on memory
e) Muscular strain and nervous breakdown.
 Psychological Effects
a) Depression and Fatigue
b) Mental Stress
c) Frustration
d) Sleep Interference

9. Continued….
Other Health Effects
a) Communication Disturbance
b) Habit of talking loudly
c) Uncomforting
 “Traffic noise alone is harming the health of almost
every third person in the WHO European Region.”

11. CONTROL OF NOISE
Noise can be controlled at three levels:
1. Reducing the sound produced.
2. Interrupting the path of the sound.
3. Protecting the recipient .
Noise can also be controlled by following:i. Reducing Impact Force.
ii. Reduce Speed and Pressure.
iii. Reducing Friction b/w Machine Parts.
iv. Isolate & Damper Vibrating Elements.
v. Providing Mufflers/Silencers.
vi. Highways could be routed away from populated areas.
vii. Maximum germination of green plants or vegetation.

12. VIBRATION
 Vibration is the mechanical oscillations of an
object about an equilibrium point. The
oscillations may be regular such as the
motion of a pendulum .
Vibration Oscillation

13. Continued…
 Vibration is desirable for the correct functioning
of the various devices in case of Harmoniums
 Mobile Phones
 Loudspeaker etc.
 While Vibrations are undesirable such as-
 Wasting energy
 Creating unwanted sound noise
 Vibration of engines, electric motors

14. TYPES OF VIBRATIONS
 On the basis of force applied:-
Free vibration -Occurs when a mechanical system is set
off with an initial input and then allowed to vibrate
freely. Ex-simple pendulum
2. Forced vibration -When a time-varying disturbance
(load, displacement or velocity) is applied to a
mechanical system. Ex-shaking washing machine due to
an imbalance, transportation vibration (caused by truck
engine, springs, road, etc.),
1.

15. Continued…
On the basis of vibration expose
1. Hand Arm Vibration(HAV)When hand of a worker is
exposed to vibrating body
during the occupation.
2. Whole Body Vibration(WBV)when whole body expose to
vibrating body or system.
3. Environmental Vibration

16. CAUSES OF VIBRATION
Vibrations can be caused by i. Imbalanced rotating parts.
ii. Uneven friction.
iii. Meshing of gear teeth.
Vibration Exposure is caused in many occupations where
a worker is comes in contact with vibrating machinery or
equipment
i. Vibration enters the body from the organ in contact with
vibrating equipment.
ii. Worker operates hand-held equipment.
iii. A worker sits or stands on a vibrating floor or seat.

17. EFFECTS OF VIBRATION
Effects of HAV
i. Vibration –induced White Finger(VWF)
ii. Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome(Raynauld’s
Phenomenon
iii. Vascular
iv. Neural
Effects of WBV
i. Shakiness
ii. Insomnia
iii. Headache
iv. Fatigue

18. CONTROL METHODS
Anti Vibration Tools
2. Anti Vibration Gloves
3. Safe Work Practices
4. Employee Education
1.

19. THANKS !!
FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION!!!
QUESTIONS…?