2. Objective What is Massage? Why Massage? Implementation - Common conditions/diseases massage benefits Expectations - Effects of soft tissue manipulation Session characteristics Q and A
3. What is Massage? Massage is the manipulation, methodical pressure, friction, and kneading of the body.
4. Why Massage? ACUTE PAIN Generally, acute pain is responsive to conventional drug therapy; however, untreated or inadequately treated pain can lead to the development of chronic pain. CHRONIC PAIN Constant Pain with some days better than others Body can not seem to heal from injury May or may not involve tissue damage Individual Pain Tolerance
5. Common Chronic Pain Conditions Osteoarthritis/Degenerative Joint Disease Hip Dysplasia Specific Surgical Procedures Cancer Obesity Athletics
6. Osteoarthritis/Degenerative Joint Disease in Aging Dogs MultiModal approach to treatment – weight, exercise, pharmacologic, massage and/or PT Immediate effects of massage include Relief of muscle tension Improvement of joint and muscle function Regulation of muscle tone and preparation of muscles for activity May help to maintain muscle mass
7. Hip Dysplasia Single joint disease can lead to multiple joint disease through inactivity. Massage may help to prevent loss of muscle mass and wasting by increasing the blood flow to muscles (thereby also delivering oxygen and nutrients) increasing muscle function, which places less stress on the joints Range of motion may be increased, easing tension and pain during the flexion and extension of movement
8. Specific Surgical Procedures Aids in recovery of more complicated surgeries, such as ACL, TPO, FHO Amputations require special attention to the myofascial and spinal restriction they will develop along back, neck and remaining limbs Skeletal system has different healing periods Muscles can atrophy while bone(s) heal Lipomas can mechanically influence body movement before and after removal
9. Cancer Deep tissue massage is generally not recommended for cancer patients. Patients with osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, skeletal metasis, spinal instability, low platelet counts, or osteopenia should NOT receive massage. Massage can be an effective tool to combat lymphedema, stress, contractures, and neuropathic pain.
10. Overweight or Obese Patients Massage complements an exercise program by relieving soreness of the muscles and ligaments Depending on patient and regimen, massage can reduce lymphedema Massage stimulates absorbtion of nutrients and evacuation of the waste products
11. Athletic/Sports Enthusiasts Effective Pre, Peri, or Post Event Massage improves circulation, repairing damaged tissue, and restores range of motion. Stretches ligaments and tendons, distributes joint fluid over articular surfaces, increases flexibility and muscle strength, thus helping to prevent injury
13. Benefits to theNervous System (PNS) Massage directly influences the Peripheral Nervous System via pressure and rhythm. Reduces stress, anxiety Decreases beta wave activity Increases alpha and delta wave activity Activates sensory receptors
14. Benefits to the Endocrine System Can increase serotonin and dopamine levels May decrease cortisol levels Reduces norephrinephrine and feelings of depression
15. Benefits to the Respiratory System Decreases respiration rate Decreases sensation of dyspnea Decreases laryngeal tension Increases fluid discharge from lungs
16. Benefits to the Lymphatic System Promotes lymphatic circulation Reduces lymphadema Decreases weight in patients with lymphadema Increases lymphocyte count Increases number and function of Natural Killer cells.
17. Benefits to theCardiovascular System Increases stroke volume (ease/force of blood through vessels) Improves blood circulation Stimulates release of acetylchoine and histamine for sustained vasodilation Replenishes nutritive material Promotes rapid removal of waste products Reduces ischemia Decreases blood pressure, pulse, and heart rate Increase production of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
18. Benefits to the Digestive System Promotes evacuation of colon Relieves constipation Stimulates digestion Relieves colic and intestinal gas
19. Benefits to the Musculoskeletal System Lengthen muscle Increase flexibility Improve muscular nutrition Increase range of motion Improve performance Improve motor skills Can loosen residual tension in tendons Relieve muscle tension Relax muscles Reduce soreness and fatigue Tone weak muscles Manually separate muscle fibersthus decreasing muscle spasms
20. Musculoskeletal System cont. When a muscle overstretches, a spasm often results. Sometimes, instead of a spasm, muscle fibers tear and trigger inflammation. The healing process lays down connective tissue in a web like pattern, but this new tissue has reduced the strength, flexibility, and elasticity of the muscle.
21. Ligaments and Tendons Tendons Can endure an enormous amount of tension Can stay contracted after heavy exercise Ligaments Limited blood supply Limited contraction power With repeated overstretching, can lose 25% of strength
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25. How does your practice benefit from what I do? Your clients may come to you sooner for ... Treatment for a soft tissue injury Evaluation and treatment for joint pain Lameness Bumps and Lumps Body Condition (obesity management) General overall wellness
26. Session Characteristics 15, 30, 45, 60 minute appointments Techniques include Swedish, Shiatsu, Energy Healing, Passive ROM, and Deep Tissue, Stretching Preference is animal on floor, lateral position Any issues/concerns noted would be communicated to owner for awareness and/or veterinarian follow-up Records kept from each session Animal is in charge, dictating pressure and time
27. What do I tune into? Observations of body composition, stride length, limb carriage, spinal column bending (pulling on leash), turning Gait analysis Range of Motion Basic Medical History/Current Medications
28. Range of Motion Provides loss of range of motion in limb joints Maintains joint integrity and blood flow Increases diffusion of synovial fluid within joint Muscular Re-Training Can reduce pain in that particular area
29. Stretching Will increase flexibility Prevention of injuries Improved general metabolism Better Gait and movement Best done during cool down after exercise or massage
30. Contraindications of Massage Acute onset of illness, trauma, fever, inflammation Immediately post- surgery Disk rupture Cancer (debatable) Wounds or lacerations
31. In Closing... Its important to remember that massage is a new modality/mentality to clients. Aging dogs are more likely to experience pain today due to their increased life span as a result of advances in veterinary medicine. Massage is an option for those clients committed to an alternative/holistic lifestyle. Massage is an option for those patients that do not tolerate NSAIDS or do not receive enough relief from them.
32. Bibliography Canine Massage, A Complete Reference Manual, 2nd Ed, by Jean-Pierre Hourdebaigt, 2004 Bancroft School of Massage Therapy Small Animal Massage Program, 2007 Various abstracts from North American Veterinary Conference 2006 Veterinary Practice News, Robinson, Narda DVM, “Comforting Cancer Pattients with CAM”, 11/20/07 Diagrams provided by Bryan Edwards Publishing Inc. Produced by Bryan E. Nash. Written and Illustrated by Flash Anatomy, Inc. Anatomical Illustrations by Meredith Albertelli. Graphics by Bianca M. Montoya. Copyright 2004 by Bryan Edwards Publishing.
